Avicenna Journal of Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Strategies to Reduce the Cost of Medical Education in India: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Saurabh R Shrivastava,&nbsp;Prateek S Shrivastava","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1755333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1755333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  The global population is being plagued by several diseases and health conditions, and this calls for the need to adopt a strategy to enable people from all socioeconomic backgrounds to have the freedom and choice to opt for a medical profession as their career. The purpose of the current review is to explore the reasons which make medical education expensive and identify the strategies by which the cost of medical education can be minimized. <b>Methods</b>  An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was performed on the PubMed search engine and web site of the National Medical Commission. Relevant research articles focusing on costs in medical education published in the period 2005 to 2021 were included in the review. A total of 37 articles were selected based on their suitability with the current review objectives and analyzed. Keywords used in the search include medical education and cost in the title alone only. <b>Results</b>  We have to accept the fact that medical education is quite expensive and that's not the case with one nation but the trend is worldwide. It is the need of the hour to plan and implement strategies that make medical training accessible and available to people from all socioeconomic classes and regardless of other variables. <b>Conclusion</b>  In conclusion, the process of training medical students is expensive and accounts for a wide range of impacts on the medical aspirants. Thus, there is an indispensable need for the policy makers and the concerned stakeholders to join their hands together and take appropriate steps to minimize the overall cost of medical training, and thereby making it affordable to everyone.</p>","PeriodicalId":32889,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2e/89/10-1055-s-0042-1755333.PMC9458346.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33461090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graft and Patient Outcomes of Kidney Transplant Tourism: A Single-Center Experience.","authors":"Abdulrahman Altheaby, Kenana Owaidah, Aljowharah Alotaibi, Rahaf Salem, Rihaf Algain, Areij Alotaibi, Ahmad Alnasrullah, Mohammed F Shaheen, Mohammed Tawhari, Mohamad Abdulgadir","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1750715","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0042-1750715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  The supply-demand mismatch between organ donor and patient waiting for transplant has led to the growth of transplant tourism. This type of transplant is considered unethical and illegal, as it is usually performed in poor environments and carries a higher risk of infectious, vascular, and immunological complications. <b>Methods</b>  In this single-centered retrospective cohort study, we compared patients who underwent transplant tourism to patients who were transplanted locally and followed up in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2018. <b>Result</b>  A total of 254 local transplants and 60 patients from the transplant tourism group were included. Transplant tourism recipients were younger otherwise both groups were similar in gender, body mass index, diabetes, and hypertension. Recipients in the transplant tourism group had a significantly higher rate of delayed graft function (18.3% vs. 6.3%, <i>p</i> 0.005), acute rejection (40% vs. 7.9%, <i>p</i>  < 0.001), and higher posttransplant infection in general. With more urological complications and higher graft failure at 3-years' follow-up (11.7% vs. 0.8%, <i>p</i>  < 0.001). <b>Conclusion</b>  Transplant tourism is associated with a higher risk of infection and poor graft outcomes. Extra efforts are required to cut down transplant tourism by educating patients about its clinical risk and ethical considerations. In addition, measures to increase the number of deceased donor pool to provide a better alternative options for patients are essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":32889,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d1/20/10-1055-s-0042-1750715.PMC9458345.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33461086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical Students Will Take Care of the People, We Need to Take Care of Them.","authors":"Fares Alahdab","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1755183","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0042-1755183","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32889,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dc/ca/10-1055-s-0042-1755183.PMC9458351.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33461087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Anxiety and Depression on Academic Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study among Medical Students in Syria.","authors":"Hasan Jamil,&nbsp;Mohab Alakkari,&nbsp;Mohammed Saleem Al-Mahini,&nbsp;Muhammad Alsayid,&nbsp;Omar Al Jandali","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1755181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1755181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  The National Medical Unified Examination (NMUE) is a milestone in the life of medical students in Syria. The selection for residency programs depends mainly on the NMUE score, where competitive specialties require higher scores. Therefore, preparation for the NMUE might be a source of anxiety and depression. This study aims at evaluating the impact of anxiety and depression on the NMUE score. A secondary objective is to determine the effect of some factors (i.e., exercise, having breakfast, adequate sleep, and social media) on anxiety and depression. <b>Methods</b>  A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire and included medical students who were preparing for the October 2019 NMUE exam. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to screen for anxiety and depression, respectively. NMUE scores were obtained from the official score report. Demographics and other potential confounding factors, such as Cumulative Grade Point Average, were obtained through the questionnaire. <b>Results</b>  One hundred and thirty ( <i>n</i>  = 130) students participated in the study, 83 of them were women (63.8%). The prevalence of anxiety and depression were 59.2 and 58%, respectively, with no difference between men and women. Both anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with the NMUE score. However, this relationship did not persist after controlling for other important predictors through multiple regression. Only exercising was statically significant in reducing PHQ-9 scores. None of the studied factors were significant in reducing GAD-7 scores. <b>Conclusion</b>  Although participants with higher anxiety/depression had lower NMUE scores, this association does not imply causation. The high prevalence of anxiety and depression (approximately two-thirds of the participants) is concerning and may pose a great threat to students' well-being and adversely affect the quality of care provided by them as future health care professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":32889,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/df/d5/10-1055-s-0042-1755181.PMC9458347.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33461541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Presentations with Mushroom Poisoning: A Report from Turkey.","authors":"Serdar Özdemir,&nbsp;İbrahim Altunok,&nbsp;Abuzer Özkan,&nbsp;Abdullah Algın,&nbsp;Hatice Şeyma Akça,&nbsp;Gökhan Aksel,&nbsp;Serkan Emre Eroğlu","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1745843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1745843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  In this study, we investigated the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on emergency department admissions with mushroom poisoning in a tertiary hospital in Turkey. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  This study was conducted as a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the data of patients admitted to the emergency department between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020. The patients diagnosed with the International Classification of Diseases-10 code T62.0 concerning the toxic effect of ingested mushrooms were identified through the computerized medical and laboratory record system of the hospital. The patients' demographic data, presentation seasons, laboratory findings, emergency department outcomes, and mortality due to mushroom poisoning were obtained. To reveal the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department presentations with mushroom poisoning, the means of the pre-pandemic period (2018-2019) and the pandemic period (2020) were compared. <b>Results</b>  The data of a total of 171 patients were included in the final analysis. The number of patients diagnosed with the toxic effect of ingested mushrooms was 96 in 2018, 61 in 2019, and 14 in 2020. There was a 5.6-fold decrease during pandemic period in the number of patients presenting to the emergency department with mushroom poisoning. <b>Conclusion</b>  The decrease in mushroom poisoning cases may be related to the changes in the eating habits of individuals during the pandemic and our study being conducted in a metropolitan city. We recommend that multicenter studies be performed to verify the data obtained from our study and increase their generalizability.</p>","PeriodicalId":32889,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/47/a0/10-1055-s-0042-1745843.PMC9458350.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33461542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness and Knowledge of Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Medical Students at the University of Aleppo: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Obada Zayegh,&nbsp;Zina Shikh Hmidi,&nbsp;Ahmad A Nawlo,&nbsp;Ahmad Al-Mouakeh,&nbsp;Basel Amin,&nbsp;Bassel Banjah,&nbsp;Anwar Chammout,&nbsp;Muhammad Alsayid","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1748810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1748810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of malignancy in Syria. The aim of our study was to assess the awareness and knowledge of CRC and its screening methods among medical students at the University of Aleppo. <b>Methods</b>  A cross-sectional study of medical students at the University of Aleppo was conducted using a self-administered 12-element questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of demographics, awareness of CRC, knowledge of CRC and its screening methods. Awareness of CRC included three questions asking students if they ever heard of CRC and its screening methods. Knowledge of CRC was evaluated through three sets of questions about CRC risk factors, signs and symptoms, and preventative methods. The students were selected randomly during academic lectures. A <i>χ</i> ² or Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables were used for statistical analysis, as appropriate. A two-sided <i>p</i>  < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. We stratified students based on pre-clinical versus clinical years and average academic score. <b>Results</b>  A total of 824 students completed the questionnaire. The majority of students were aware of CRC (98.9%) and CRC screening methods (79.8%). Students had poor knowledge of CRC risk factors (16.5% for non-modifiable factors and 11.7% for modifiable factors), signs and symptoms (52.6%), and protective factors (9.9%). Only 31.7% of students were able to identify the appropriate age to initiate screening for average-risk individuals. Clinical students had better awareness and knowledge of CRC and its screening methods. Clinical students with higher academic score showed better awareness and knowledge in some elements. <b>Conclusion</b>  Our study reported high awareness and poor knowledge rates of CRC and its screening methods among medical students at the University of Aleppo. Although clinical students had higher awareness and knowledge of CRC compared to pre-clinical students, the impact of academic score revealed variable results.</p>","PeriodicalId":32889,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4d/a7/10-1055-s-0042-1748810.PMC9272450.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40592251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angina Outcomes in Secondhand Smokers: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018.","authors":"Suzanne Chaar,&nbsp;Jeik Yoon,&nbsp;Joud Abdulkarim,&nbsp;José Villalobos,&nbsp;Jeanette Garcia,&nbsp;Humberto López Castillo","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1750730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1750730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between secondhand smoke (SHS) and angina using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database over a 12-year period. <b>Methods</b>  Self-reported smoking status and cotinine levels were used to identify exposure groups (smokers, nonsmokers, and secondhand smokers), and medical history of angina was also collected via a self-report survey. The association between exposure to SHS and angina was analyzed using odd ratios with 95% confidence intervals calculated using two logistic regression models. <b>Results</b>  The study found that when aggregating data from all 12 years, secondhand smokers are 42.9% significantly more likely to report having experienced angina, while smokers were 97.7% significantly more likely to report having angina compared with nonsmokers. <b>Conclusions</b>  This study is the first of its kind to examine data from a national database over a 12-year period to determine an association between SHS and angina outcomes, thus highlighting the importance of reducing SHS exposure to improve cardiovascular health.</p>","PeriodicalId":32889,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/82/23/10-1055-s-0042-1750730.PMC9272456.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40592249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Predictive Value of Peripheral Immune Cell Counts for the Presence of Brain Metastases in Stage IV Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).","authors":"I Abuelbeh,&nbsp;O Abu-Shawer,&nbsp;M Abu-Shawer,&nbsp;M Alkderat,&nbsp;M Safi,&nbsp;A Alwazani,&nbsp;A Alkhatib,&nbsp;B Abu-Hussain,&nbsp;M Aladawi,&nbsp;S Ismail,&nbsp;T Altamimi,&nbsp;Taher Abu Hejleh","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1749613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1749613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  High neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor survival in lung cancer. This study evaluates whether NLR is associated with baseline brain metastasis in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). <b>Methods</b>  Medical records of stage IV NSCLC patients treated at King Hussein Cancer Center (Amman-Jordan) between 2006 and 2016 were reviewed. Patients with baseline brain imaging and complete blood count (CBC) were included. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify the optimal cutoff value for the association between NLR and baseline brain metastasis. Association between age, gender, location of the primary tumor, histology, and NLR was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. <b>Results</b>  A total of 722 stage IV NSCLC patients who had baseline brain imaging were included. Median age was 59 years. Baseline brain metastasis was present in 280 patients (39.3%). Nine patients had inconclusive findings about brain metastasis. The ROC curve value of 4.3 was the best fitting cutoff value for NLR association with baseline brain metastasis. NLR ≥ 4.3 was present in 340 patients (48%). The multivariate analyses showed that high baseline NLR (≥ 4.3) was significantly associated with higher odds of baseline brain metastasis (odds ratio [OR]: 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-2.2; <i>p</i>  = 0.0042). Adenocarcinoma histology was also associated with baseline brain metastasis (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.25-0.6; <i>p</i>  = 0.001). <b>Conclusion</b>  High NLR is associated with baseline brain metastasis in advanced-stage NSCLC. In the era of immunotherapy and targeted therapies, whether high NLR predicts response of brain metastasis to treatment is unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":32889,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/57/be/10-1055-s-0042-1749613.PMC9272452.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40615298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Liver Injury due to Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in a Patient with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection without Cirrhosis.","authors":"Ayushi Jain,&nbsp;Khalid Mumtaz","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1750716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1750716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We reported a rare case of acute liver injury in a patient with chronic hepatitis C virus infection without cirrhosis 4 weeks after initiation of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir. After prompt cessation of antiviral therapy, liver enzymes rapidly improved toward baseline. This case reflects the need to remain vigilant for the development of acute liver injury after initiation of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir even without a diagnosis of cirrhosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":32889,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f6/0a/10-1055-s-0042-1750716.PMC9458352.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33461085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Side Effects Related to BNT162b2 and CoronaVac Vaccine Requiring Emergency Department Visit.","authors":"Erdal Yavuz,&nbsp;Kasim Turgut,&nbsp;Umut Gulacti,&nbsp;İrfan Aydın,&nbsp;Oguzhan Ozcan,&nbsp;Cihad Sonmez,&nbsp;Ebru Arslan","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1750391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1750391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Currently, the most effective method in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is vaccination against the disease. However, there are hesitations among society concerning the safety and side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. We aimed to determine the observed side effects that require an emergency room visit after taking the BNT162b2 and CoronaVac vaccines. <b>Methods</b>  This prospective observational study was conducted with patients who presented to the emergency department due to vaccine-related complications after COVID-19 vaccination. The patients' symptoms at the time of presentation, time from vaccination to the onset of symptoms, and dose of the vaccine administered were determined. In addition, the demographic characteristics of the patients, whether they had a history of COVID-19 infection, and their vital signs at the time of presentation were recorded. The variables were compared according to the type of vaccine administered. <b>Results</b>  The study included 182 patients who presented to the emergency department over a 6-month period. It was determined that 166 of these patients (91.2%) had received the BNT162b2 vaccine and 16 (8.8%) had received the CoronaVac vaccine. The majority of the patients did not have a history of COVID-19 infection (70.3%), and most presented to the hospital with complications after the second dose (61%). The onset of vaccine-related symptoms was mostly within 1 to 12 hours (39%). The majority of patients (97.8%) were discharged from the emergency department. The most common symptoms after vaccination were fatigue ( <i>n</i>  = 70), followed by muscle/joint pain ( <i>n</i>  = 52), headache ( <i>n</i>  = 33), and fever ( <i>n</i>  = 32). The rate of dizziness was found to be statistically significantly higher in the CoronaVac vaccine group than in the BNT162b2 vaccine group ( <i>p</i>  = 0.008). There was no statistically significant difference between the two vaccine groups in relation to the remaining symptoms ( <i>p</i>  > 0.005). <b>Conclusion</b>  There were no serious complications related to the BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccine. The most common symptom after both vaccines was fatigue; therefore, the BNT162b2 and CoronaVac vaccines can be safely administered.</p>","PeriodicalId":32889,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b4/8a/10-1055-s-0042-1750391.PMC9272453.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40592248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}