2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)最新文献

{"title":"Developing solutions for dealing with water and food scarcity: Atmospheric water generator and urban farm tower","authors":"C. Cerro","doi":"10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376754","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time in world history, more than half of the world population lives in towns and cities. According to the United Nations, urban areas are expected to absorb most of this population growth over the next four decades. With the world number of urban inhabitants estimated to grow from the present 3.9 billion to 6.3 billion people by 2050, the vast majority of this surplus will be living in slums with inadequate or non-existent water, health or sanitation systems. Today more than 156 million urban dwellers, live without immediate access to water. In places like Mumbai India, where the average yearly humidity is of 75%, the problem of water scarcity can be solved with minimal infrastructure with the use of atmospheric water generators. There are 3.1 quadrillion gallons of water in the atmosphere at any given time. While the average humidity in your home or office is 50%, an atmospheric water generator can produce water from humidity as low as 35%. This means in a place like Mumbai, a single atmospheric water generator can produce up to 5000 litters of water a day. The production of this amount of water in multiple locations within a slum has the potential to solve the water crisis by producing clean, filtered, free, accessible water and by doing so eliminating health and sanitation issues. The proposed project in this paper will address the use of this technology while at the same time using it to solve nutrition problems in the same slums by serving also as a water resource for urban farms designed to produce fruits, vegetables and mushrooms in the same structure that houses the atmospheric water generator. The proposed tower will grow hydroponic produce within the slum, cutting transportation and packaging costs. The idea is to create a network of interdependent facilities that directly serve large numbers of people through a process of urban acupuncture producing services that require minimal maintenance and the possibility of creating local jobs while helping solve the water and food crisis in slums in the developing world.","PeriodicalId":328866,"journal":{"name":"2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)","volume":"10 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113967544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural ventilation potential strategies in warm winter climate zones — A case study of Dubai","authors":"Issah M. Alhamad, Moamin Alsaleem, H. Taleb","doi":"10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376788","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the potential of using different natural ventilation strategies has been investigated based on a single-story, mixed-use building at Dubai. The outdoor investigations of the influence of external wind speed and pressure on the external building envelope was done using Autodesk Flow Design Software. The indoor ventilation CFD simulation (Micro-Flow analysis) was generated using IES virtual Environment software to detail the wind circulation inside the building and demonstrate the adopted strategy towards enhancing the indoor climate conditions. Cooling load calculations and energy modelling was investigated using Carrier Hourly Analysis Program (HAP) to check the energy savings due to the adopted natural ventilation strategies. It was found that the comfort conditions inside the building can be met at the 4 winter months (November-February) only by utilizing the passive cooling natural ventilation strategy without switching on the HVAC system. Hence, saving almost 21% of the annual building cooling load and almost 18% of the total annual energy used in the building.","PeriodicalId":328866,"journal":{"name":"2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)","volume":"65 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114003494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure, corrosion and cytotoxicity analysis of novel biodegradable Mg-Zn-Ca/HA alloys/composites for future biomedical applications","authors":"Akshay Devikar, Ranjeeth Kumar Kasala, S. K. Rai, P. Varalakshmi, V. Vasantha, U. K. Ravella, Anil Midathada","doi":"10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376867","url":null,"abstract":"The present research work emphasizes on the study of micro-structure, corrosion and biological behaviour of novel Mg-(0-5)Zn-1Ca/(0-3)hydroxyapatite (HA) composites for future use as biomedical implantation. Microstructures showed a significant grain refinement with increasing Zn content along with HA agglomerates on the surface. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that Zn addition in Mg-1Ca alloy is assisting in inhibiting cathodic corrosion while HA addition in Mg-(0-5)Zn-1Ca alloy is increasing anodic corrosion along with Zn. Further, cytotoxicity analysis using direct and indirect contact methods were performed using L-929 cells, which showed that Zn addition (0–3 wt%) slightly increases cell viability and non-toxicity in Mg-1Ca alloy whereas a considerable improvement is observed after HA addition in Mg-Zn-1Ca alloys. Mg-1Zn-1Ca/3HA and Mg-3Zn-1Ca/3HA alloys/composites were observed to have controlled corrosion and non-toxic to L-929 cells.","PeriodicalId":328866,"journal":{"name":"2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114195907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term energy peak load forecasting models: A hybrid statistical approach","authors":"Eman Khorsheed","doi":"10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376792","url":null,"abstract":"Electricity demand forecasting is an essential process for electricity planning, designing strategies and recommending future energy policies. The changing behavior of the socio-economic growth beside the incomplete coverage of the environmental impacts can make a long-term energy demand forecasting process for a specific energy network challenging. This article presents four new developed multiple regression models for Electric Energy Peak Load and the main affecting factors for Kingdom of Bahrain as a case study. Time series analysis of seven years monthly load data was conducted. The method was hybridized with Machine-learning tools to find suitable forecasting linear and non-linear models for Bahrain electricity network. Residual analysis was adopted to find the model that best fit the Peak load data. Cross validation aims to evaluate the efficiency of a predictive model. For this purpose, a new peak load data set for an eight year was gathered and tested. Results are reported to guide Bahrain electricity network forecasting needs for the next future years. The developed technique can be extended to the hybrid renewable energy system that Bahrain and other countries in the region has recently announced to adopt.","PeriodicalId":328866,"journal":{"name":"2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114634092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of aerial photography and GIS in estimating urban lawn irrigation requirements","authors":"E. Elgaali","doi":"10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376775","url":null,"abstract":"Urban lawn irrigation is an important component in urban water budgets. The water requirement both timing and volume are important and need to be accurately estimated for both helping landowners improve the amount of water they apply as well as to estimate the efficiency of the system. The lawn irrigation estimation process is heavily influenced by having accurate land-cover type areas. In this study land-cover data extracted from aerial photographs were used to monitor and estimate urban lawn irrigation water requirement (IWR). Five land-cover categories (grass, trees, impervious, soil, and water) were digitized from aerial photographs using GIS. Land-cover information was introduced into a consumptive use model to estimate lawn irrigation consumptive use. A demonstration of aerial photographs based lawn IWR estimation was performed on an area in Denver, Colorado. As part of the GIS dataset that was created, a lot of additional information was generated such as location of the parcels (address), impervious areas, canopy of trees, canopy of trees over grass, and canopy of trees over impervious areas. Some studies have been conducted on how to use random sampling to estimate the total area of lawns in urban areas. Combining this statistical sampling with GIS and aerial photography was found to be a cost effective methodology for assessing lawn IWR in urban areas.","PeriodicalId":328866,"journal":{"name":"2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114649915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on 1D phononic crystal vibration transmission — A case study on surgical tool structure","authors":"F. Majeed, A. Alsakarneh, L. Momani, M. Abuharaz, L. Olayanju","doi":"10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376896","url":null,"abstract":"Recently the Phononic Crystals have been an Interesting subject in the mechanical and sound structural applications. Their unique structural properties enable them to be designed to create complete Phononic band gaps, or ranges of frequencies in which elastic or mechanical waves are forbidden to propagate in any direction. This property particularly enables the researchers to develop models which can suppress or enable propagation of harmful or useful vibrations at selected frequency ranges. The current research analyzes the application of the Phononic Crystal technology to develop surgical tools which can improve haptic force feedback enabling surgeons with better precision, and simultaneously attenuating hand tremor vibrations to adversely affect robotic surgery precision. This paper presents a comparative study of simulation of one-dimensional Phononic Crystal surgery tool model, with other conventional models of single-phase material of common surgical tools like Steel and Titanium.","PeriodicalId":328866,"journal":{"name":"2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123483061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of digital platform in teaching physics concepts applied to engineering education and student's performance: An exploratory study","authors":"Sandhya Kattayat, Smitha Josey","doi":"10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376938","url":null,"abstract":"Digital technology and e learning have high impact in the field of education. This quasi-experimental study focusses the effectiveness of inclusion of digital components in physics instruction applied to engineering education. The methodology involved in this study focus analysis of post-test scores using statistical techniques such as t-test and collecting student's opinion using standardized questionnaire. The t-test result revealed that posttest scores of the experimental and control group are statistically significant. This confirmed that students who studied physics, in engineering education with the inclusion of digital components in their instruction (experimental group) attained better learning and performed well compared to the students who did not use the digital components in instruction (control group). The student's average scores showed a considerable difference of 10.76 %.","PeriodicalId":328866,"journal":{"name":"2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123715083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bond behavior of Galvanized Steel Mesh to concrete","authors":"R. Hawileh, Jamal A. Abdalla, W. Nawaz, Kais Douier","doi":"10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376862","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation conducted to study the bond strength between Galvanized Steel Mesh (GSM) sheets and concrete surfaces via mortar and epoxy adhesives. Epoxy and cement mortar adhesives are used to externally bond the GSM sheets to concrete prisms. The GSM sheets bonded length was chosen to be 200 mm in length which represents 40% of the prism's length. Three-point bending tests are conducted on the tested specimens and load-deflection response are recorded along the with associated capacity and failure modes. Epoxy and cement mortar bonded specimens failed in cohesive and adhesive modes, respectively. The strengthened specimen bonded with cement mortar was 40% less effective as compared to that bonded with epoxy adhesives. The ductility and strength of the epoxy bonded specimen was significantly higher than the specimens bonded with cement mortar.","PeriodicalId":328866,"journal":{"name":"2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124967475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wireless sensor node for indoor air quality monitoring system","authors":"I. Tijani, Abdulla D. Almannaee, Abdulla A. Alharthi, A. Alremeithi","doi":"10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376839","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread of diseases associated with Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) generally referred to as Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) and Building Related Illness (BRI) has generated concern for technological approach in monitoring and analysis of the quality of air in confine environments. In line with “prevention is better than cure” mantra, such monitoring system is necessary for timely awareness of quality of surrounding air so as to take preventive action not only at the individual level, but also aid prompt diagnosis by the medical personnel. Motivated by the need for an affordable, simple and efficient indoor air quality device for general use at homes, offices and other related confine environment, a sensor node with capability for wireless sensor networking is presented in this study. The proposed device incorporates: sensors to measure major air quality indices: odor, carbon monoxide, dust, humidity, and temperature, LED indicators for prompt visual status alert, memory device (SD card) for off-line data access, and wireless capability for remote data transfer in applications such as web and mobile-apps interfacing. The performance of the system is evaluated in a laboratory scale indoor environment. The results show effectiveness of the system in capturing the air-quality status and providing timely information for proactive action.","PeriodicalId":328866,"journal":{"name":"2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129904941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the risk factors affecting crash severity at intersections with considering crash characteristics and signal configuration using an ordered logistic model","authors":"Ameera Alkhlaifi, Abdulla Galadari","doi":"10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASET.2018.8376763","url":null,"abstract":"Intersections are critical places which experience high levels of accidents due to the availability of vehicle movements from different directions. Therefore, there is a need to understand the factors that significantly contribute to injuries at such places. These factors can fall under different dimensions in traffic safety such as environmental conditions, road user behavior, traffic police enforcement, road design and crash characteristics. The paper will analyze the factors related to crash characteristics and traffic signal operation that affect the likelihood of accident severity located at intersections. The data for intersection accidents in Abu Dhabi from 2013 to 2016 were used in this analysis. Ordinal logistic model was considered for the analysis to account for the ordinal nature of severity levels. Several diagnostics tests of the model were preformed such as parameters evaluation, overall model evaluation and prediction accuracy. For parameter evaluation, out of 11 independent variables, 6 were non-significant and dropped from the model. Most of the non-significant variables were related to the driver-at-fault details. The results of the final model showed an overall good fit based on a p-value of less than 0.05, as well as a good accuracy of prediction 84.8%. Finally, odds ratios were estimated to interpret the final results of the model.","PeriodicalId":328866,"journal":{"name":"2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130132821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}