BHUMI Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan最新文献

{"title":"DINAMIKA DAN TANTANGAN PENGGUNAAN DAN PEMANFAATAN TANAH DI WILAYAH PULAU KECIL","authors":"Sukmo Pinuji, M. A. Suhattanto, T. Arianto","doi":"10.31292/jb.v4i1.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31292/jb.v4i1.218","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Small island land resource management has specifc characteristic, differ from its main island, due to its geographical characteristic. Moreover, small Island is also vulnerable due to climate changes. Located on Sumenep District, East Java, Masalembu is one of the example of inhabited small island in Indonesia, represent the dynamic and land use management in small island area. This research use DPSIR (drivers, pressures, states, impacts, and responses) method to capture those dynamics. The results show that the dynamics of land use and utilization in Masalembu are described as follow: (i) land use and utilization activities are highly influenced by economic growth, climate change due to the fluctuation of marine products, and population growth; (ii) climate change, together with exploitation of marine resources, resulting the decrease of marine products, thus drive the population to start and to cultivate the land for improving their income. In the long run, land products from agriculture and farming sectors become competitive commodities beside fsheries; (iii) the absence of zonation, strategic, and action plans on land use and utilization control giving the consequences of unstructured, unplanned, and unsustainable land use and utilization.Intisari: Pengelolaan sumberdaya tanah di pulau kecil memiliki ciri khusus yang berbeda dengan pulau induk, terkait karakteristik geografsnya. Selain itu, pulau kecil juga memiliki kerentanan terhadap fenomena perubahan iklim. Masalembu, merupakan salah satu contoh dari ribuan pulau kecil berpenghuni di Indonesia yang dapat mewakili gambaran dinamika pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan lahan di wilayah pulau kecil. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode DPSIR (drivers, pressures, states, impacts, dan responses) untuk menangkap gambaran dinamika tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dinamika penggunaan dan pemanfaatan lahan di Pulau Masalembu dapat dilihat sebagai berikut: (i) aktivitas penduduk atas tanah sangat dipengaruhi oleh pertumbuhan ekonomi, perubahan iklim yang menyebabkan pasang surutnya hasil perikanan laut, dan pertumbuhan penduduk baik yang terjadi karena kelahiran maupun migrasi; (ii) perubahan iklim serta eksploitasi sumberdaya laut yang berlebihan sehingga tidak dapat lagi memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi masyarakat, menjadi faktor pendorong masyarakat untuk mulai memanfaatkan tanah sebagai alternatif penghasilan, yang kemudian beralih menjadi komoditas unggulan, serta (iii) tidak adanya rencana zonasi dan rencana strategis penggunaan dan pemanfaatan tanah membuat pola-pola penggunaan dan pemanfaatannya menjadi tidak terstruktur dan terencana, serta tidak memenuhi prinsip sustainability .","PeriodicalId":32710,"journal":{"name":"BHUMI Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43878410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SONOR DAN BIAS \"CETAK SAWAH\" DI LAHAN GAMBUT","authors":"Ciptaningrat Larastiti","doi":"10.31292/jb.v4i1.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31292/jb.v4i1.208","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Peat land has been intensively known as the target of creating idle land through state owned forest mechanism. It triggers a large scale development project such as an irrigated rice feld called “Cetak Sawah”. By focusing on “Cetak Sawah”, we can learn how development project contains an inherent assumption of modern feld rice system to overcome massive deteriorated peat land particularly since the forest fre disaster in 2015. The research was done a year after forest fre 2015 through an ethnographic method consisted of live in and several visits around February 2016-December 2016. The gathered data show that “Cetak Sawah” becomes the technocratic approach of peat land governance. Instead of controlling the expansion of palm oil industry, state has been continually blamed the former agricultural system known as Sonor (swiddenagriculture) which will be easily considered as the main factor of undermined peat ecosystem due to its burning practice of land preparation. There are two gaps, frst, “Cetak Sawah” has been proposed through negation of existing social differentiation. Second, “Cetak Sawah” is going to be predicted as the mean ofpeasant exclusion.Intisari: Lahan gambut telah secara luas dikenal sebagai target menciptakan tanah terlantar melalui mekanisme hutan Negara. Hal ini memancing pembangunan proyek skala besar seperti sawah irigasi yang juga disebut sebagai “Cetak Sawah”. Dengan berfokus pada Cetak Sawah”, kita dapat belajar bagaimanaproyek pembangunan dapat mengandung asumsi yang tak terpisahkan dari sistem tanam padi modern untuk mengatasi lahan gambut yang semakin memburuk secara luas terutama sejak bencana kebakaran hutan di tahun 2015. Penelitian ini dilakukan setahun setelah kebakaran hutan tahun 2015 melalui metodeetnograf yang terdiri dari laporan langsung dan beberapa kunjungan pada kurun Februari 2016 – Desember 2016. Data yang dikumpulkan menunjukkan bahwa “Cetak Sawah” menjadi pendekatan teknokratis untuk pengelolaan lahan gambut. Di samping mengontrol ekspansi industri kelapa sawit, Negara juga terusmenyalahkan pertanian lahan berpindah yang sering dikenal sebagai Sonor, yang sering disebut sebagai faktor utama dari rusaknya ekosistem gambut sehubungan dengan praktik pembakaran hutan. Ada dua gap yang diungkapkan, pertama, Cetak Sawah telah diusulkan menjadi negasi dari diferensiasi sosial yang sudahada. Kedua, Cetak Sawah telah diprediksi sebagai alat untuk mengeksklusi petani.","PeriodicalId":32710,"journal":{"name":"BHUMI Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41624780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengantar Redaksi","authors":"Ahmad Nashih Luthfi","doi":"10.31292/jb.v4i1.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31292/jb.v4i1.221","url":null,"abstract":"Pada edisi kali ini, Jurnal Bhumi menghadirkan 8 (delapan) artikel terpilih. Artikel pertama adalah karangan Noer Fauzi Rachman (2018) yang menyediakan debat teori pembangunan dan perluasan kapitalisme, termasuk di dalamnya melalui kebijakan desentralisasi/otonomi daerah dan efeknya. Telaah teori ini bermanfaat di dalam memahami hubungan antara pemisahan ruang, tanah, tenaga kerja, dan reproduksi kapital.","PeriodicalId":32710,"journal":{"name":"BHUMI Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43727261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MENINJAU KEMBALI TEORISASI MENGENAL DESENTRALISASI, COMMUNITY DRIVEN DELEVOPMENT, DAN KAPITALISASI AGRARIA","authors":"Noer Fauzi Rachman","doi":"10.31292/jb.v4i1.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31292/jb.v4i1.213","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The article shows a theoretical debate on the consequence of decentralization policy and Community Driven Development (CDD) especially in relation to the way capitalism develop. The decentralization policy reshapes local government bureaucracy more responsive and accountable toward people’s needs, and the CDD facilitate rural and urban communities to manage collectively efforts to eradicating their poverty condition. Both are promoted by neo-institutionalist thinking in the World Bank and Civil Society within the same interlocking direction. Furthermore, I explicate critiques toward theory and practice of decentralization policy and CDD, launched by Vedi Hadiz, Toby Carroll, Tania Li, and Frederich Rawski. I connect those with the theorization of the ways capitalism develop as articulated by Paul Cammack, Michael Perelman, Massimo de Angelis and David Harvey. I argue that the presence of space of struggle, contestation and negotiation open the possibility for multiple forces to participate, or refuse to participate, to reshape the practice of decentralization and CDD, and furthermore the forces dialectically are reshaped because of their struggle, contestation and negotiation.Intisari: Artikel ini mengemukakan debat teori dari konsekuensi kebijakan desentralasi dan Pembangunan Berbasis Masyarakat (CDD) terutama dalam hubungannya dengan bagaimana kapitalisme berkembang. Kebijakan desentralisasi telah membentuk pemerintah lokal menjadi lebih responsif dan akuntabel terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat, dan CDD telah memfasilitasi komunitas perkotaan maupun perdesaan untuk secara kolektif berusaha mengatasi kondisi kemiskinannya. Selanjutnya, penulis mengutarakan kritik terhadap teori dan praktik kebijakan desentralisasi dan CDD, yang dikemukakan oleh Vedi Hadiz, Toby Carroll, Tania Li dan Frederich Rawski. Penulis juga menghubungkan teori tersebut dengan teorisasi tentang bagaimana kapitalisme berkembang seperti yang dikemukakan oleh Paul Cammack, Michael Perelman, Massimo de Angelis dan David Harvey. Penulis berpendapat bahwa keberadaan ruang pertarungan, kontestasi dan negosiasi membuka kemungkinan untuk berbagai kekuatan untuk berpartisipasi, atau menolak untuk berpartisipasi, untuk membentuk kembali praktik desentralisasi dan CDD, dan selanjutnya kekuatan dialektika dibentuk kembali karena usaha, kontestasi dan negosiasi mereka.","PeriodicalId":32710,"journal":{"name":"BHUMI Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43241724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POTENSI PERMASALAHAN PENDAFTARAN TANAH SISTEMATIK (PTSL)","authors":"Dian Aries Mujiburohman","doi":"10.31292/jb.v4i1.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31292/jb.v4i1.209","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak: This paper aims to examine the potential problems of Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) as the government's priority agenda to establish land registration throughout Indonesia. This study uses a normative legal research approach by analyzing the legislation related to land registration, especially PP. 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration and Ministerial Regulation ATR/Ka. BPN No. 12 of 2017 as amended by Ministerial Regulation No. 6 of 2018. The potential of this problem relates to the issue of tax and income tax payable, human resources, facilities and infrastructure, issues absentee land, maximumexcess of land ownership, abandoned land, announcement of physical and juridical data, and problems of application of the principles of contradictoire delimitation. The potential of this problem is described and is given alternative solutions on the implementation of PTSL. Alternative solution is by strengthening the regulation of PTSL in the form of Government Parliament (PP), either by revising PP. 24 of 1997 and by forming a separate PP on PTSL by clarifying the outlined problems . Intisari: Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi permasalahan pendaftaran sistematik lengkap (PTSL) sebagai agenda prioritas pemerintah untuk menyelengarakan pendaftaran tanah seluruh Indonesia. Kajian ini mengunakan pendekatan penelitian hukum normatif dengan cara menganalisis peraturan perundangundangan yang berkaitan dengan pendaftaran tanah, khususnya PP No. 24 Tahun 1997 tentang Pendaftaran Tanah dan Peraturan Menteri ATR/Ka. BPN No. 12 Tahun 2017 sebagaimana diubah dengan Permen No. 6 Tahun 2018. Potensi permasalahan ini berkaitan dengan masalah biaya Pajak PPh dan BPHTB terhutang, sumberdaya manusia, sarana dan prasarana, permasalahan tanah absentee, kelebihan maksimum dan tanah terlantar, masalah pengumuman data fsik dan data yuridis, serta masalah penerapan asas kontradiktur delimitasi. Potensi masalah ini di diskripsikan dan diberikan aternatif solusi dalam pelaksanaan percepatan PTSL. Aternatif solusinya adalah dengan cara memperkuat regulasi PTSL dalam bentuk Paraturan Pemerintah (PP) baik dengan cara merevisi PP No. 24 Tahun 1997 maupun dengan membentuk PP tersendiri mengenai PTSL yang pada pokoknya pengaturan isi-nya salah satunya memperjelas permasalahan-permasalahan yang diuraikan diatas.","PeriodicalId":32710,"journal":{"name":"BHUMI Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43519929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POLA PENGUASAAN TANAH DAN DISTRIBUSI KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA DI PEDESAAN JAWA TIMUR","authors":"Versanudin Hekmatyar, Fentiny Nugroho","doi":"10.31292/JB.V4I1.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31292/JB.V4I1.222","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this study is to describe the pattern of land tenure and forms of livelihood diversification in rural area. By using qualitative approach, data was collected and presented descriptively. The results are as follows, first, land is an important production factors as capital and labor. Land in Kedungprimpen village is still closely linked to the livelihoods of its inhabitants. High level of dependence of the population on agricultural land is also closely related to the local community's view that underlies the social differentiation of the rich, ample and poor. Second, this fact further encourages households todeal with the crisis, undertake series of livelihood activities to meet their basic needs. The selection of diversified forms of livelihood is mainly based on rational reasons related to the types of resources that can be optimized. Generally, livelihood diversification in Kedungprimpen Village is on agricultural andnon-agricultural sectors. Agricultural sector includes land cultivation, sharecrop, rent, mortgage, and labor system. Non-agricultural sector includes trade, handicrafts production, stockbreeding, and carpentry.Keywords: pattern of land tenure, land tenure, land diversification, peasant","PeriodicalId":32710,"journal":{"name":"BHUMI Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44973955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Konstruksi Mitos dan Kelokalan Sebagai Alat Eksklusi (Akses Masyarakat Lokal dan Imigran Terhadap SDA di Desa Lempur Kerinci-Jambi)","authors":"Dara Kartika Rahma","doi":"10.31292/JB.V3I2.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31292/JB.V3I2.122","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This paper explains how the community of Lempur Village living in the forest area have a high dependence with nature. The position of the community is considered to interfere with the conservation program, that they must accept losing access to the forest area that has become the state property (TNKS). The loss of access to forest resources, pushed them to be more protective with the land that already allocated to them by the local government. Their openness to migrants began to fade and they did not tolerate new migrants who cleared land, reinforced by the ancestors history to reinforce the concept of localization to see who has the right to access land in Lempur Village. Moreover, other form of their resistance is by reconstruct the myths,  addressed to immigrants, corporations, and tourists. Intisari: Tulisan ini menjelaskan bagaimana masyarakat Desa Lempur yang tinggal berbatasan dengan hutan sangat menggantungkan hidupnya terhadap alam. Posisi masyarakat desa dianggap mengganggu program konservasi sehingga mereka harus menerima kehilangan akses di area hutan yang sudah menjadi milik negara (TNKS). Dengan hilangnya akses mereka terhadap sumber daya hutan yang kini dijadikan area konservasi, menuntut mereka untuk lebih protektif terhadap sisa lahan yang memang sudah diperuntukan bagi mereka oleh pemerintah daerah. Keterbukaan mereka terhadap pendatang mulai pudar dan tidak lagi dapat mentoleransi pendatang membuka lahan. Diperkuat dengan sejarah nenek moyang mereka untuk mengukuhkan konsep kelokalan guna melihat siapa yang memiliki hak untuk mengakses tanah di Desa Lempur ini. Selain itu bentuk lain dari perlawanan mereka ialah dengan merekonstruksi kembali mitos-mitos yang sangat kuat digaungkan kepada pendatang, baik imigran, perusahaan, maupun wisatawan.","PeriodicalId":32710,"journal":{"name":"BHUMI Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42197079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}