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Comparative Legilinguistics最新文献

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Research profile and bibliography of Professor Łucja Biel Łucja Biel教授的研究简介和参考书目
Comparative Legilinguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.14746/cl.52.2022.16
Dariusz Koźbiał
{"title":"Research profile and bibliography of Professor Łucja Biel","authors":"Dariusz Koźbiał","doi":"10.14746/cl.52.2022.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.52.2022.16","url":null,"abstract":"This article consists of two sections. The first outlines the research profile of Dr hab. Łucja Biel, Prof. ucz., a Polish linguist recognised nationwide and internationally who specializes in the analysis of legal varieties of Polish and English in the context of legal translation studies, corpus linguistics and translator training. The second part contains a detailed list of publications (co-)authored or co-edited by Łucja Biel and published between 2004 and 2022.","PeriodicalId":32698,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Legilinguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44293142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attention mechanism and skip-gram embedded phrases 注意机制和跳码嵌入短语
Comparative Legilinguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.14746/cl.52.2022.14
P. Krimpas, C. Valavani
{"title":"Attention mechanism and skip-gram embedded phrases","authors":"P. Krimpas, C. Valavani","doi":"10.14746/cl.52.2022.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.52.2022.14","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines common translation errors that occur in the translation of legal texts. In particular, it focuses on how German texts containing legal terminology are rendered into Modern Greek by the Google translation machine. Our case study is the Google-assisted translation of the original (German) version of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany into Modern Greek. A training method is proposed for phrase extraction based on the occurrence frequency, which goes through the Skip-gram algorithm to be then integrated into the Self Attention Mechanism proposed by Vaswani et al. (2017) in order to minimise human effort and contribute to the development of a robust machine translation system for multi-word legal terms and special phrases. This Neural Machine Translation approach aims at developing vectorised phrases from large corpora and process them for translation. The research direction is to increase the in-domain training data set and enrich the vector dimension with more information for legal concepts (domain specific features).","PeriodicalId":32698,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Legilinguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48644843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Translating legal formulae: a corpus-driven approach 翻译法律公式:语料库驱动的方法
Comparative Legilinguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.14746/cl.52.2022.13
Patrizia Giampieri
{"title":"Translating legal formulae: a corpus-driven approach","authors":"Patrizia Giampieri","doi":"10.14746/cl.52.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.52.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"Fixed lexical or syntactical expressions and formulae hallmark legal language. They serve both linguistic and legal purposes, and should be rendered accordingly in a target language and legal system. Most of the times, however, formulaic expressions are translated by resorting to calques, false cognates, or phrases that are uncommon in the target legal language (and legal system). This paper is aimed at exploring how and if corpus analysis can dispel doubts and help find acceptable translation candidates. As there are currently no publicly available legal corpora addressing corporate documents such as contracts and agreements, this paper wishes to bridge this gap by building and relying on an ad hoc corpus of authentic agreements written in English as a first language according to the laws of England and Wales. In this way, corpus evidence can help find equivalents and, possibly, address recurrent mistranslations from Italian into English. During the corpus analysis process, the paper shows and discusses search queries and how equivalents can be obtained. At the same time, it questions dictionary entries. The paper findings highlight that the consultation of the ad hoc corpus allows to find acceptable translations of Italian legal formulae and address recurrent mistranslations. English formulaic expressions, in fact, can be rendered satisfactorily thanks to the possibility of noticing word usages in context, keywords in contexts and collocations. Further research can encompass a wider variety of formulae and/or legal documents so that scholars and translators can be equipped with useful reference tools.","PeriodicalId":32698,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Legilinguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45327628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Challenges in the translation of legal texts: the case in Kosovo 法律文本翻译方面的挑战：科索沃案例
Comparative Legilinguistics Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.14746/cl.52.2022.15
Valentina Sopjani, V. Hamiti
{"title":"Challenges in the translation of legal texts: the case in Kosovo","authors":"Valentina Sopjani, V. Hamiti","doi":"10.14746/cl.52.2022.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.52.2022.15","url":null,"abstract":"Our paper conducts a contrastive analysis between Albanian and English lexical units in the language of laws using corpora analysis. It fills a literature gap related to Corpus linguistics in order to better comprehend patterns of legal lexicon. We use KWIC Concordance to extract the top frequently words and concordance lines in order to analyse differences and similarities among lexical units in Albanian (Source Language) and English (Target Language) laws, compared to those identified in respective corpora. Additionally, we identify types of errors in translation, difficulties in translating legal texts, and factors that influence translators’ errors in translating certain laws of the Republic of Kosovo from Albanian into English. According to our analysis, both languages have in common the use of the same grammatical patterns such as: conjunctions, prepositions, and the use of the common noun forms. The rest have significant differences in their usage, especially with regards to particles and determiners. Our contrastive approach demonstrates that some of these laws were not originally written in Albanian and then translated into English language, as many articles within these laws lack the appropriate word structure and word order and in some cases are semantically ill-formed in the Source Language. \u0000Key words: analysis, corpus, language, legal, translation, KWIC Concordance. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":32698,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Legilinguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43121746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
FOUNDATIONS OF PRAGMATIC LEGAL LINGUISTICS 语用法律语言学基础
Comparative Legilinguistics Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.14746/cl.51.2022.11
Marcus Galdia
{"title":"FOUNDATIONS OF PRAGMATIC LEGAL LINGUISTICS","authors":"Marcus Galdia","doi":"10.14746/cl.51.2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.51.2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"In this review essay, I describe some basic problems in the research into the legal language that are methodologically connected to linguistic and philosophical pragmatics. I call this area of knowledge pragmatic legal linguistics. Pragmatic legal linguistics deals with the processes that are constitutive of the emergence of meaning in law. Its basic concepts are coined in the course of developments in linguistic and philosophical pragmatics. It applies pragmatic theoretical approaches to clarify the functioning of the legal language and discovers new areas of pragmatic relevance in the research into the legal language. The final goal of pragmatic legal linguistics is to re-formulate our laws in accordance with linguistic findings about the use of language.","PeriodicalId":32698,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Legilinguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41765662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
JURISTISCHE PHRASEOLOGIE IM KONTEXT DER POLNISCH-DEUTSCHEN RECHTSÜBERSETZUNG – NEUE MONOGRAPHIE VON PAWEŁ BIELAWSKI 法律背景下的PHRASEOLOGIE POLNISCH-DEUTSCHEN rechtsübersetzung——新MONOGRAPHIE PAWEŁ比尔劳斯基
Comparative Legilinguistics Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.14746/cl.51.2022.12
J. Sekuła
{"title":"JURISTISCHE PHRASEOLOGIE IM KONTEXT DER POLNISCH-DEUTSCHEN RECHTSÜBERSETZUNG – NEUE MONOGRAPHIE VON PAWEŁ BIELAWSKI","authors":"J. Sekuła","doi":"10.14746/cl.51.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.51.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"The article attempts to provide a comprehensive assessment of the new monograph by Paweł Bielawski. For this purpose, the paper has been divided into four parts. The first part provides an introduction. The second part presents the theoretical basis, which the author of the monograph demonstrated in individual chapters. The third chapter assesses the monograph in terms of structure, editorial aspects and the compilation of literature. Finally, the last part is devoted to the possible addressees of the monograph and its advantages with regard to them.","PeriodicalId":32698,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Legilinguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46989883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
TRADUCTION LITTÉRALE, ÉQUIVALENCE FONCTIONNELLE ET TRADUCTION DESCRIPTIVE EN TANT QUE STRATÉGIES POUR LA TRADUCTION DES TERMES JURIDIQUES FRANÇAIS ET TCHÈQUES 作为法语和捷克法律术语翻译策略的字面翻译、功能对等和描述性翻译
Comparative Legilinguistics Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.14746/cl.51.2022.9
Zuzana Honová
{"title":"TRADUCTION LITTÉRALE, ÉQUIVALENCE FONCTIONNELLE ET TRADUCTION DESCRIPTIVE EN TANT QUE STRATÉGIES POUR LA TRADUCTION DES TERMES JURIDIQUES FRANÇAIS ET TCHÈQUES","authors":"Zuzana Honová","doi":"10.14746/cl.51.2022.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.51.2022.9","url":null,"abstract":"In the process of deciding upon an appropriate equivalent for a legal term, the translator can choose between several possible strategies. The goal of the article is to analyse the translation strategies of French and Czech legal terms that do not have a direct equivalent in accessible terminographic sources of the target language. Among the possible strategies, it deals in particular with literal translation, functional equivalence and descriptive. It observes that all of the three strategies are used, to a greater or lesser extent, by the analysed terminographic sources and seeks to point out the problems that the use of each of the previously mentioned strategies may cause.","PeriodicalId":32698,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Legilinguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41506784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE” : AVATARS DE LA TEMPORALITÉ DANS LES CONTRATS DE LA COMMON LAW “时间是本质”：普通法合同中时间性的化身
Comparative Legilinguistics Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.14746/cl.51.2022.10
Carmen-Ecaterina Ciobâcă
{"title":"“TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE” : AVATARS DE LA TEMPORALITÉ DANS LES CONTRATS DE LA COMMON LAW","authors":"Carmen-Ecaterina Ciobâcă","doi":"10.14746/cl.51.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.51.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on time marks that may be detected in common law agreements and the translation issues they imply. In the first section, the author discusses the relation between time and law. The legal time governs the social time, as it ensures order and security. If memory is the manifestation of the legal past, the promise is the expression of the legal future. Depending on the legal culture taken into account, the legislator’s time may be more or less important than the time of the judge. The second section of the paper deals with time avatars that may be identified at the macrotextual level. The contract is understood as a promise that becomes obligation. The legal time is also expressed in contracts by the predictive capability of the parties, its acceleration and backwardness, its finiteness. The last section is an analysis of the translation of terms, collocations and metaphors expressing time in common law contracts.","PeriodicalId":32698,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Legilinguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44388038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
TRANSLATION IN LIBEL CASES: REPUTATIONS AT STAKE! 诽谤案中的翻译：名誉岌岌可危！
Comparative Legilinguistics Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.14746/cl.50.2022.7
Juliette Scott, J. O'Shea
{"title":"TRANSLATION IN LIBEL CASES: REPUTATIONS AT STAKE!","authors":"Juliette Scott, J. O'Shea","doi":"10.14746/cl.50.2022.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.50.2022.7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In this paper we examine translation arising in court cases involving reputational damage. A diachronic and tightly focused cross-jurisdictional selection of examples from case law is used to highlight the range of ways in which translation can be employed, blamed, or relied upon by the parties and by the courts, and we glimpse how translations can be a source of libel, a defence against libel, or a gateway to libellous material, how crucial translation can be in protecting or damaging reputations, and how significantly it can affect a case’s outcome. We apply Engberg’s lens for communication in legal contexts, distinguishing micro, meso and macro occurrences of translation at publisher/business/individual, judicial, and State levels. Recurring translation-related topics either mooted by courts or arising in our analysis are then outlined, including: competing translations; translation techniques; translator identification; online translation; how the acceptance of jurisdiction may be influenced by translation requirements; and how judges approach decision-making when foreign language documents and translation are involved.","PeriodicalId":32698,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Legilinguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48807801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
GERICHTSVERFAHREN PER VIDEOKONFERENZ ALS EINE NEUE HERAUSFORDERUNG FÜR GERICHTSDOLMETSCHER 视频会议法庭程序对法官的新挑战
Comparative Legilinguistics Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.14746/cl.50.2022.5
Magdalena Łomzik
{"title":"GERICHTSVERFAHREN PER VIDEOKONFERENZ ALS EINE NEUE HERAUSFORDERUNG FÜR GERICHTSDOLMETSCHER","authors":"Magdalena Łomzik","doi":"10.14746/cl.50.2022.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cl.50.2022.5","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly increased the meaning of videoconferencing in a professional setting. Furthermore, there has been an increase in the number of court hearings held via videoconference, although the advantages of this form of trial are still being questioned. Videoconferencing in court has also become a new challenge for court interpreters. Unfortunately, there are no current studies of Polish associations of translators which would provide a comprehensive presentation of issues related to translation in court by means of remote translation devices. However, the positions of the German associations of interpreters and translators contain an extensive mention of the advantages and disadvantages of this form of translation. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the possible issues related to court interpreting by means of videoconferencing based on the expertise of translators from Germany and Austria and of the author.","PeriodicalId":32698,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Legilinguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45242117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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