EMJ Hematology最新文献_第10页

Overcoming Immunodeficiency in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: Current Knowledge and Perspectives 克服慢性淋巴细胞白血病的免疫缺陷:当前的知识和观点

EMJ Hematology Pub Date : 2014-07-31 DOI: 10.33590/emjhematol/10314061

F. McClanahan, J. Gribben

{"title":"Overcoming Immunodeficiency in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: Current Knowledge and Perspectives","authors":"F. McClanahan, J. Gribben","doi":"10.33590/emjhematol/10314061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjhematol/10314061","url":null,"abstract":"While the standard of care for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) leads to high overall response rates and a long progression-free survival, it can be highly toxic for many patients, particularly in the elderly who often present concurrent diseases with associated morbidities. Treatment-related immune system burden and complications are challenging as most CLL patients already show immunodeficiency and are at high risk of infection. The latter are the main cause for increased morbidity and mortality and are correlated with disease severity and type of therapy. In the last few years, many new approaches and innovative agents such as second-generation anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, lenalidomide, B cell receptor signalling inhibitors, and novel cellular therapies have advanced the outlook for CLL management. Indeed, novel therapies could soon be addressing the need to promote immune reactivation and re-sensitise the immune system. By doing so, they could reach two main objectives, namely lowering the high proportion of patients at risk of infection, and acting as effective tools for the immune system to overcome its defects and fight malignant cells.","PeriodicalId":326555,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Hematology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127514634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of CD49d in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: Microenvironmental Interactions and Clinical Relevance CD49d在慢性淋巴细胞白血病中的作用:微环境相互作用和临床相关性

EMJ Hematology Pub Date : 2014-07-31 DOI: 10.33590/emjhematol/10312094

M. Dal Bo, E. Tissino, D. Benedetti, Chiara Caldana, R. Bomben, G. del Poeta, G. Gaidano, F. Rossi, A. Zucchetto, V. Gattei

{"title":"The Role of CD49d in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: Microenvironmental Interactions and Clinical Relevance","authors":"M. Dal Bo, E. Tissino, D. Benedetti, Chiara Caldana, R. Bomben, G. del Poeta, G. Gaidano, F. Rossi, A. Zucchetto, V. Gattei","doi":"10.33590/emjhematol/10312094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjhematol/10312094","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a clinically heterogeneous disease characterised by the accumulation/expansion of a clonal population of neoplastic cells with the morphological appearance of small mature B lymphocytes in blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid organs. Stimulation through the B cell receptor (BCR) plays a prominent role in the selection and expansion of the malignant clone in CLL. On the other hand, other external signals delivered by several cell types including T lymphocytes, macrophages, stromal cells, endothelial cells, and follicular dendritic cells, operating through either direct BCR-independent cell-cell contact or indirect production of paracrine soluble factors, synergistically cooperate in regulating proliferation and survival of CLL cells. In this context, CD49d is known to play a pivotal role in mediating both cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in CLL-involved tissues, eventually delivering pro-survival signals and protecting CLL cells from drug-induced damages. In the present review, we focused on functional and physical interactions of CD49d with other microenvironmental receptors, including CD38 and BCR, and other specific CD49d-dependent interactions in lymph node and bone marrow microenvironments responsible for growth and survival-supporting signals, eventually influencing CLL prognosis and therapeutic options.","PeriodicalId":326555,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Hematology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121700746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation In Multiple Myeloma: Is It Still The Right Choice? 自体干细胞移植治疗多发性骨髓瘤:仍然是正确的选择吗?

EMJ Hematology Pub Date : 2014-07-31 DOI: 10.33590/emjhematol/10311182

P. Tosi

引用次数: 1

Current Developments and Perspectives in Multiple Myeloma 多发性骨髓瘤的最新进展和展望

EMJ Hematology Pub Date : 2014-07-31 DOI: 10.33590/emjhematol/10311247

M. Delforge, S. Knop, M. Mohty

{"title":"Current Developments and Perspectives in Multiple Myeloma","authors":"M. Delforge, S. Knop, M. Mohty","doi":"10.33590/emjhematol/10311247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjhematol/10311247","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decades, advances in the therapeutic management of multiple myeloma (MM) with new drug armamentarium and strategies have significantly improved the outcome and survival of newly diagnosed and relapsed patients. However, the continuing challenges physicians are facing within specific clinical settings and patient subpopulations, whose prognosis with current strategies is extremely poor, call for a paradigm change. New immunomodulators, proteasome inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies are being explored to improve first-line outcomes so that a smaller proportion of patients relapse early or fail to respond to induction treatment. Moreover, recent advances and clinical evidence with novel therapies seem to provide patients with relapsed or refractory MM additional survival benefits. Improving clinical outcomes and refining standard of care should help clinicians reduce the burden of multiple and toxic therapy; quality of life (QoL) should be at the core of MM management. Patient selection and stratification needs to be reinforced with the help of comprehensive knowledge on conventional risk factors, and supplemented by molecular pathways in the near future in order to provide tailored options and strategies to patients, including the use of monoclonal antibodies. Numerous drugs are on the horizon and the next few years should witness marked improvements in survival, QoL, and safety of MM management.","PeriodicalId":326555,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Hematology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117235223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Calreticulin in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: The Other Side of the Alice Mirror 钙网蛋白在骨髓增生性肿瘤中的作用:爱丽丝镜的另一面

EMJ Hematology Pub Date : 2014-07-31 DOI: 10.33590/emjhematol/10313345

L. Varricchio, A. Migliaccio

{"title":"Calreticulin in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: The Other Side of the Alice Mirror","authors":"L. Varricchio, A. Migliaccio","doi":"10.33590/emjhematol/10313345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjhematol/10313345","url":null,"abstract":"Calreticulin (CALR), a Ca2+ binding protein mostly localised in the endoplasmic reticulum, regulates Ca2+ homeostasis, chaperones, and other proteins to the nucleus and other cellular compartments. CALR has been implicated in several cellular processes including: signalling, regulation of gene expression, cell adhesion, apoptosis, autoimmunity, and, when expressed on the cell surface, induction of phagocytosis by macrophages. Reports indicating over-expression of CALR in cancer cells suggest that modulation of CALR expression may be exploited to increase their clearance by the immune system. In the hematopoietic system, CALR has been implicated in the activation of the stress pathway as an obligatory partner of the glucocorticoid receptor. More recently, somatic loss-of-function mutations in the CALR gene were discovered in a significant proportion of patients with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) who did not harbour gain-of-function mutations in Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), the first signalling element of cytokine receptors, and myeloproliferative leukaemia virus oncogene (MPL), the thrombopoietin receptor, usually associated with these diseases. This review will summarise current knowledge on the biological activity of CALR and MPL/JAK2 in hematopoiesis, delineate a unifying pathway for the pathogenesis of MPN, and discuss how this pathway may be exploited for therapy.","PeriodicalId":326555,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Hematology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130040141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Role of JAK2 Mutation in Thrombotic Complications of Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms JAK2突变在慢性骨髓增殖性肿瘤血栓并发症中的作用

EMJ Hematology Pub Date : 2014-07-31 DOI: 10.33590/emjhematol/10311605

V. Popov, M. Onisâi, A. Vlădăreanu

引用次数: 3

Next Steps in Front-Line Treatment of Lymphoma: The Road Ahead 淋巴瘤一线治疗的下一步:前进的道路

EMJ Hematology Pub Date : 2014-07-31 DOI: 10.33590/emjhematol/10313844

J. Bell

引用次数: 0

The Multiple Facets of Thrombotic Microangiopathies 血栓性微血管病变的多个方面

EMJ Hematology Pub Date : 2014-07-31 DOI: 10.33590/emjhematol/10310448

Saroshi Amirthalingam

引用次数: 0

The Standard of Care in Relapsed Refractory CD30+ Lymphoma 复发难治性CD30+淋巴瘤的护理标准

EMJ Hematology Pub Date : 2014-07-31 DOI: 10.33590/emjhematol/10314573

M. Hutchings

{"title":"The Standard of Care in Relapsed Refractory CD30+ Lymphoma","authors":"M. Hutchings","doi":"10.33590/emjhematol/10314573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjhematol/10314573","url":null,"abstract":"CD30-positive (CD30+) lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies that share the same antigen. Over recent decades, advances in therapeutic management of these diseases have considerably improved clinical outcomes. Overall, the two main CD30+ lymphomas – Hodgkin’s lymphoma and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma – are associated with a favourable prognosis after first-line therapy. Nevertheless, optimal therapeutic strategies are needed to manage relapsed or refractory CD30+ lymphomas. The introduction of novel targeted approaches, such as brentuximab vedotin (BV), expands the therapeutic armamentarium and provides new perspectives in terms of clinical efficacy despite heavily pretreated disease, with reasonable toxicity to patients whose quality of life is often impaired by the disease and repeated treatments. The standard of care (SoC) for these malignancies is being refined and will be clarified with results from ongoing and upcoming Phase II/III clinical trials. Clinical studies are currently assessing the use of BV in a broad range of CD30+ lymphomas. Over time, frontline strategies and SoC will be refined in order to improve outcomes for patients with relapsed disease, while allowing clinicians to expand patient selection and provide long-term remission in a wide variety of clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":326555,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Hematology","volume":"93 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132028730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Acute Liver Failure: A Dangerous and Challenging Syndrome 急性肝衰竭:一种危险和具有挑战性的综合征

EMJ Hematology Pub Date : 2014-05-27 DOI: 10.33590/emjhepatol/10310152

A. Canbay, G. Gerken

引用次数: 0