Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Pain problem in monkeypox: A consideration","authors":"R. Mungmunpuntipantip, V. Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_31_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_31_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326476,"journal":{"name":"Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114258738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric community-acquired pneumonia in Federal Medical Center, Birnin Kudu, Jigawa State: Prevalence and outcome","authors":"Umma Idris","doi":"10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_3_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_3_22","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Pediatric pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among children in many hospitals in Nigeria. The relative contribution of this disease among children admitted to our facility has not yet been documented. Aims: The aim was to determine the prevalence and outcome of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Pediatrics of FMCBKD. Methods: One hundred and twenty-three children aged 2 months–14 years who were managed for CAP from January 2019 to December 2020 were studied. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 16. Continuous data were represented as mean or median as appropriate, while categorical data were presented as percentages. The Chi-square and Student's t-tests were used to identify the significant differences for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of pneumonia was 9.2%. Most of the children were aged 24 months and below with a male preponderance of 1.5:1. Bronchopneumonia was the most common form of clinical presentation, and 67 (71.3%) children presented with severe disease. The case fatality rate was 29.8% (28 deaths), and most of the deaths were among children <24 months of age, females, and those who presented with severe disease. Conclusions: CAP is prevalent and causes a significant mortality in children in Jigawa State. Strengthening preventive measures to control pneumonia and increasing public awareness of early presentation to a health facility will reduce mortality.","PeriodicalId":326476,"journal":{"name":"Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131907511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in cardiomyopathies in present scenario","authors":"Ashok Sharma","doi":"10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_33_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_33_22","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiomyopathy includes a heterogeneous group of diseases and conditions that are caused by mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction and shows inappropriate hypertrophy or dilatation which may be due to various causes, mostly genetic, can be confined only to heart or may be a part of systemic disorders. It includes hypertrophic, dilated, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, restrictive, and unclassified type. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (C-MRI) is currently the gold standard examination due to its high temporal and spatial resolution. In late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) studies, the gadolinium contrast which is administered, it has a slower washout rate in abnormal areas of increased extracellular space and fibrosis. The normal myocardium gets nulled and the abnormal areas are seen as bright areas on LGE. According to the Global Burden of Diseases, injuries, and risk factors study 2016, cardiomyopathy contributed to 0.12% of total deaths, 0.11% of total disability-adjusted life years in India. The main objective of the article is to review the role of MRI in cardiomyopathies (CMPs), especially after post-COVID-19 pandemic with the purpose whether this can be one shop modality with reference to echocardiography. With the advancement in MRI technology and availability of state of art cardiac coils and cardiac software C-MRI has emerged as modality of choice in diagnosis as well as in follow-up cases of CMPs diseases as it is nonoperator dependent as well as radiation-free modality.","PeriodicalId":326476,"journal":{"name":"Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116457853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytomorphological study of lymph node lesions at a tertiary care center","authors":"Summi Ganguli, Mayurika Kumar Tyagi, M. Bajpai, Swati Singh, P. Garg, A. Pathre","doi":"10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_22_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_22_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lymphadenopathy is one of the most common clinical presentations of patients attending the outpatient department. The degree and pattern of morphological changes depend on inciting stimulus and the intensity of the response. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an important procedure in establishing the diagnosis of various lymph node lesions. It is a widely accepted, accurate, sensitive, and specific test used in an outpatient setting. Methodology: An observational study was carried out at the department of pathology of a tertiary care hospital in North India from July 2019 to February 2020. A total of 100 lymphadenopathy cases were taken. Smears were stained with Giemsa and categorized according to the cytomorphological pattern. Ziehl - Neelsen (ZN) stain was done in clinically suspicious cases of tuberculosis (TB). Data regarding brief history, site, age, and cytomorphologic features were collected and analyzed. Results: Out of 100 cases of lymph node aspirations, 70 cases showed features of tubercular lymphadenitis followed by reactive lymphadenitis, 29 cases while 1 malignancy. TB was prevalent in all age groups. Conclusion: Lymph node FNAC is a simple, cost-effective investigation with great importance in view of high prevalence of TB in our country, where an atypical presentation of TB can be screened. Purulent aspirate smears which do not show typical features of TB can be dismissed as acute suppurative lymphadenitis in the absence of ZN staining. Acid-fast bacillus positivity in such cases confirms the diagnosis and helps in better patient management.","PeriodicalId":326476,"journal":{"name":"Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133613123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women attending NIMS Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, in Western India","authors":"A. Khajuria, W. Imnasenla, Raju Sehrawat, Ashish Gupta, Shyam Sundar, M. Verma, Surekha Patil","doi":"10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_34_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_34_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anemia is the most common hematological disease in pregnancy. Anemia is described as having a hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in the peripheral blood of 10 g/dl or less, in accordance to the most current WHO standard. Iron deficiency is the most frequent reason of anemia at some point of pregnancy. Folic acid deficiency is a much less frequent cause. In some communities, up to 80% of pregnant women are anemic. Women from low socioeconomic groups and young adults are the most vulnerable. Anemia is identified using measuring Hb concentrations and examining a peripheral blood smear for red blood cell changes. Iron and folate supplementation is advocated in the course of being pregnant to keep away from complications. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in NIMS Hospital, Jaipur. Subjects and Methods: Blood was collected and investigations are done on Elite 580. Results: This presence study enlightens the number of pregnant anemic patients according to education level, class, diet, and age. Sociopersonal status of pregnant women, the number of anemic was higher in illiterate than literate and according to the socioeconomic condition of anemic pregnant women, the number is much higher in poverty than in higher classes, whereas the number is much lesser in nonvegetarian than vegetarian and is higher in age between 21 and 30 years of age than below or above it. Conclusion: Most of the pregnant women attending NIMS Hospital, Jaipur, were found to be anemic. Therefore, appropriate interventions by the competent authority are recommended to tackle this condition among pregnant women.","PeriodicalId":326476,"journal":{"name":"Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122690919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To study the effect of yoga asana and pranayama on pulmonary function test in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) patients","authors":"Rajkumar Prasad, Rinku Garg, S. Sahay","doi":"10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_26_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_26_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pranayama is an integral part of yoga training. Pranayama is a regulated breathing practice that improves airway responsiveness. Yoga asana and pranayama have been shown to reduce resting respiratory rate and enhance vital capacity, maximum voluntary ventilation, breath-holding time, maximal inspiratory pressure, and expiratory pressure. Aim: This study aims to study the effect of yoga, asana, and pranayama on pulmonary function disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]) patients. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study which was conducted in the Department of Physiology in association with the Department of Respiratory Medicine Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, with a sample size of 55 participants on stable patients diagnosed (COPD) with aged between 40 and 65 years of either sex. Written informed consent and approval from the institutional ethics committee were taken before starting the study. The paired t-test was used to compare the mean and standard deviation of the quantitative variables. When the P < 0.05, the results are statistically significant. To conduct statistical analysis, SPSS 20.0 was used. Results: We observed a statistically significant increase in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FVC/FEV1 ratio, and peak expiratory flow rate after 8 and 12 weeks of yoga training compared to the first visit (0 week) baseline before yoga training. Conclusion: The results of our study showed that the regular practice of yoga, asana, and pranayama for 45 min a day minimum of 3 days a week for 12 weeks showed improvement in pulmonary function tests of COPD patients. It was also concluded that yoga and asana along with pharmacological treatment for COPD patients showed improved breathing patterns and pulmonary function parameters. It was observed that yoga, asana, and pranayama had improved physical condition by reducing weight and body mass index which enhances pulmonary function.","PeriodicalId":326476,"journal":{"name":"Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125277525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidants and its role in endocrine disorders","authors":"U. Midha, J. Aggarwal, J. Batra, E. Pasha, Luna Sinha","doi":"10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_38_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_38_22","url":null,"abstract":"An excessive synthesis of ROS results in oxidative stress and results in deleterious process that damages cell structures i.e. lipids, proteins, and DNA. Oxidative stress plays a major role in various human disease states, including endocrine dysfunction. A number of diseases connected with free radicals have recently been reported in the medical field. The risk of diseases caused by oxidative stress is exacerbated by an unhealthy lifestyle, chemical exposure, pollution, cigarette smoking, drugs, illness, and stress, among other things. Antioxidants are molecules that can scavenge free radicals and aid in the reduction of oxidative stress-induced damage. Traditional herbal treatments and dietary items were the primary sources of antioxidants for ancient peoples, protecting them from free radical damage. In this article, we present a brief overview of the role of oxidative stress in a variety of common human endocrine disorders, such as diabetes and thyroid disease, as well as a discussion of the therapeutic potential of dietary antioxidant (Vitamin C & Vitamin A) techniques.","PeriodicalId":326476,"journal":{"name":"Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127990188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum leptin and adiponectin in metabolic syndrome: A brief review","authors":"J. Aggarwal, U. Midha, J. Batra","doi":"10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_36_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_36_22","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic syndrome in modern times is a global health issue in the world including India. Its prevalence in the population is following a crescendo pattern. By knowing metabolic syndrome not only we are able to diagnose it in an early and proper manner but can also promote the prevention program. Leptin is a hormone which is mainly synthesized in the white adipose tissue. Leptin level in blood is directly proportional to total adipose tissue mass. In the present study, the association of serum leptin and adiponectin with the components of metabolic syndrome was evaluated. Patients with metabolic syndrome had higher levels of leptin and low levels of adiponectin than Non-Metabolic syndrome (MS) Subjects. We have also found that as compared to the females, the male had a higher possibility of metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":326476,"journal":{"name":"Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130872975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of megaloblastic anaemia and its causative factors in a tertiary care centre at Western India","authors":"A. Khajuria, R. Das","doi":"10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_41_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_41_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anaemia affected population includes male, females as well as children and is a common problem that has been seen in western India. Megaloblastic Anaemia is common in India but regarding its prevalence and causative factors data is insufficient. The most common cause of megaloblastic anaemia includes deficiency of folic acid and Vitamin B12. Due to vegetarian lifestyle of the people the deficiency of Vitamin B12 is more common rather than the other macronutrient. In today's time, only iron and folic acid is provided by Anaemia control or prophylaxis program. This issue needs focus and hence this study has been chosen. Objective: To focus on the incidences of Megaloblastic Anaemia in Western India and analyse the possible causative factors. Materials and Methods: Patients with a haemoglobin <10 g/dl and peripheral smear findings consistent with megaloblastic anaemia present in the hospital over a period of 2 months will be included in the study. Patient's diet, drug intake, present symptoms and other history will be taken into account. Recording of complete blood counts, peripheral film examination, reticulocyte count and cobalamin and folate assays will be done. Patients suffering from chronic disease like renal disease, cancer, tuberculosis, liver disease etc., Will be excluded from the study. All data will be collected and statistically evaluated. Results: In the current study, 500 patients who were admitted to the gynaecology, paediatric, and medical wards were all assessed. These patients were all eligible to participate. They were divided into three groups based on the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) value, serum assay, and peripheral smear results: Macrocytic, normocytic, and microcytic anaemia. A megaloblastic blood film or low serum indicators along with the normal MCV value were categorised as having macrocytic anaemia. A total of 100 patients had macrocytic anaemia identified. The distribution of sexes was: 70 (male), 30 (female). There were discovered to be 55% of patients with cobalamin deficit and 8% of patients with folate deficiency. Every patient were vegetarians, coming from a poor socioeconomic status. Conclusion: The diagnosis of Megaloblastic anaemia was done through complete blood counts, red cells and assays of two vitamins. Majority of patients having megaloblastic anaemia was due to deficiency of cobalamin. Poor diet in cobalamin or folate were the contributing factors in Megaloblastic anaemia. Prevention can be done through awareness camps and education programmes and also through proper diet. Vitamin B12 should be included in the diet of patients along with iron and folic acid.","PeriodicalId":326476,"journal":{"name":"Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129710200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical presentation, etiological factors, and outcome in children diagnosed with urolithiasis in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh","authors":"Sanjeev Vind, Veenu Agarwal, K. Agarwal","doi":"10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_12_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sujhs.sujhs_12_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Children with urolithiasis (UL) are often encountered in general pediatric practice. Its rising incidence, high recurrence rate, serious long-term consequences, and paucity of data on pediatric UL led to the present research work. Recurrence usually remains unaltered unless dietary restrictions are followed stringently, so the emphasis in the present research was on the analysis of the diet consumed by participants. Materials and Methods: Children with UL were enrolled from the general pediatrics outpatient department of an urban hospital over 22 months in a prospective study. Data were collected on clinical profile, 24 h dietary details, blood and urine investigations, and ultrasound (USG) abdomen. Attempts were made to get basic metabolic work-up in as many children as possible. Results: Abdominal pain alone or with symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) was found in 40 (83.3%) and 22 (45.8%) participants. Important etiological associations found were UTI (30, 62.7%), positive family history of UL (22, 45.8%), and obesity (5, 10.4%). Idiopathic hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria, and hyperoxaluria were found in 9 (18.7%), 2 (4.2%), and 12 (25%) participants. Daily intake of liquids and calcium was low in 38 (79%) and 35 (72.9%) children, respectively. Intake of both salt and proteins was high in 30 (62.5%) children. The persistence of symptoms was found in 28 (58.3%) participants. Recurrence was found in 7 (14.5%) participants. Conclusion: Having a high index of suspicion of UL in all children presenting with recurrent unexplained UTI and/or recurrent abdominal pain and advocating USG abdomen early in such children can aid in the timely diagnosis of UL. Simple dietary manipulations such as adequate daily fluid and calcium intake along with avoiding high salt and animal protein diet may be beneficial by decreasing the recurrence rate of UL.","PeriodicalId":326476,"journal":{"name":"Santosh University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130521522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}