Z. Sims, H. Henderson, Michael Thompson, R. P. Chaudhary, J. Hammons, J. Ilavsky, D. Weiss, Kevin Anderson, R. Ott, O. Rios
{"title":"Application of Ce for scavenging Cu impurities in A356 Al alloys","authors":"Z. Sims, H. Henderson, Michael Thompson, R. P. Chaudhary, J. Hammons, J. Ilavsky, D. Weiss, Kevin Anderson, R. Ott, O. Rios","doi":"10.1080/26889277.2021.1974801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26889277.2021.1974801","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Secondary (recycled) Al is increasingly used in castings due to its lower cost and carbon footprint relative to primary Al. However, the presence of certain impurity elements in secondary Al degrades its properties, often requiring dilution or downgrading. Scavenging impurities with reactive alloying additions can limit impurity impact and broaden the use of secondary Al. This report will detail the initial results of using Ce to microstructurally tie up Cu impurities present in a model secondary Al alloy (A356) with high Cu impurity. The results show that targeted Ce additions to A356 can be used to scavenge Cu impurities by forming complex intermetallics and inhibit intergranular corrosion susceptibility associated with Cu impurities. Supplemental data for this article is available online at","PeriodicalId":32608,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Materials Science and Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"3 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81734099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RESEARCH ON THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF SOME ALUMINUM-BASED ALLOYS","authors":"M. Minciună, P. Vizureanu","doi":"10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.205","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical properties of Al-Si alloys have been investigated. Abrasion wear resistance is an important analysis being used in various applications so there are many laboratory testing methods to determine it. In this article, we've looked at one of the ways to determine wear resistance using a scratch tester as a relatively easy, efficient, and fast test method. Materials used in the tests were: Al-Si (Al 94.30; Si 2.24, Fe 0.84) alloy. The coefficient of friction and wear of the samples were determined both by the methods of testing the wear and by investigating them in correlation with their mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":32608,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Materials Science and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44743095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT NATURAL FIBER-BASED COMPOSITES USE AS A FILLER FOR CRACKING IN NUCLEAR REACTOR BIOLOGICAL SHIELDS","authors":"A. El-Sawy","doi":"10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.165","url":null,"abstract":"The biological shield is very important in the nuclear power reactor, so it is necessary to study the effect of crack on it. This work aims to study fiber composites as a radiation shielding for various purposes associated with nuclear installations, as properly as a repairing mixture for developing cracks in the biological shields of a nuclear power reactor. In this study, the MCNP-5 model of a pressurized water reactor (PWR) was used. Four different fiber composites of natural fiber (FP) (ρ= (1.373 g/ m3), fiber with lead (FPPb) (ρ=2.756 g /cm3), cement fiber (CF) (ρ=2.095 g/ m3) and cement-fiber-magnetite (CFM) (ρ =2.858 g /cm3) were used as the filler materials for cracking in the biological shield. The total mass attenuation coefficients µm for the studied composites have been calculated by the Win X-Com program of gamma-ray at an energy range from 0.15 – 20 MeV. Neutron and gamma-ray fluxes and dose rates were calculated through different distances of the reactor shields for different fiber composites. Total dose rates through biological shield without cracking and after cracking have been calculated. Radiation Protection Efficiency (RPE %) for all samples at the outer surface of the biological shield was calculated. The results showed that by using fiber composites as a filler for cracking, the values of flux and dose rate for neutrons and gamma-rays have decreased. Also, FPPb is the best material for gamma-ray because it contains lead, which has a high atomic number. While CFM has the best material shield for neutron and gamma-ray in addition to magnetite and boron carbide the properties of CFM composite were improved. Max. value of RPE % for FPPb was (43.1%), then CFM (37.2%), Fp (30.2%) and CF (20.2%). From these results, it can be concluded that plastic fiber composites were the best materials that can be used as a filler in the biological shield of nuclear power reactors.","PeriodicalId":32608,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Materials Science and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42562174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF WELD HEAT INPUT EFFECTS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Cr-Mo STEEL BAR USING TIG WELDING PROCESS","authors":"R. Adewuyi, J. Aweda","doi":"10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.192","url":null,"abstract":"Welding as an energy-consuming process is inevitable as-welded joint can be subject to various loads without failure. Therefore, this paper presents the welding thermal cycle of Cr-Mo steel bar (ASTM A304) of dimensions 100 by 50 and various thicknesses of 5, 10- and 15-mm. Pure tungsten with 2% thoriated TIG electrodes sizes 1.6 mm X 175 mm, 2.4 mm X 175 mm, and 3.2 mm X 175 were used without filler materials for the welding process. A double V-groove weld joint, with a moving heat source, was employed to determine the temperature fields and transformation in the single-pass butt-welded joint. A calibration process was attached at each point of interest using a datalogger type K-type thermocouple 3-channel–LU-MTM-380SD during the welding process on the Cr-Mo steel bar. The results showed that the welding temperature became higher at the welding centreline and decreased towards the edges of the bar. An indication that a weld thermal cycle is a veritable tool, a function of heat input to access likely consequence of the welding process at both welded and parent metal portions of steel bar. Design of Experiment using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array matrix L9(3^4), Factors:4 and Runs:18 in Minitab 17 Taguchi Design Method that suited the experimental method used. Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array to restrict the number of experimental runs was used for the design of the experiment (DOE). Mechanical and Microstructure tests were carried out on the samples to investigate the effect of weld heat input. The hardness test result showed that samples C15 and D15 have the highest hardness values 165.0HV and 164.0HV respectively at Base metal (BM) 20mm away from weld centreline and it was also observed that samples C15 and D15 have the highest impact values 48.53J and 48.7J respectively. The microstructure of the C15 at the weld zone WZ, which consists majorly of pearlite and less ferrite, BM shows the appearance of alpha ferrite and pearlite and heat-affected zone HAZ consists majorly of pearlite and a very small proportion of ferrite resulted in increased hardness and impact values at the HAZ.","PeriodicalId":32608,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Materials Science and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44616120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ICCECIP 2021 International Scientific Conference","authors":"T. Kovács, Zoltán Nyikes","doi":"10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.234","url":null,"abstract":"The ICCECIP 2021 - 3rd International Conference on Central European Critical Infrastructure Protection was held this year on 15th November. This year conference was the third after the 2019 and 2020 ones. This event as part of the Hungarian Science Festival was organized by the Bánki Donát Faculty of Mechanical and Safety Engineering of the Óbuda University, Milton Friedman University and Batthyány Lajos Foundation in a historical place of the Castle, in the Villa of Lónyai-Hatvany. The motto of this year’s conference is “Kinetic and cyber tools in the critical infrastructure protection”.","PeriodicalId":32608,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Materials Science and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43363346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Socalici, C. Păcurar, C. BIRTOK BANEASA, A. BUDIUL BERGHIAN, O. Găianu
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE METAL LOAD STRUCTURE WHEN DESIGNING STEELS IN ELECTRIC ARC FURNACES","authors":"A. Socalici, C. Păcurar, C. BIRTOK BANEASA, A. BUDIUL BERGHIAN, O. Găianu","doi":"10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.212","url":null,"abstract":"In the steel industry, scrap metal is an important raw material resource for the electric arc furnace. The overall steel recycling rate is estimated at around 85%. The work presents an analysis of the structure of the metal load when elaborating steels in electric arc furnaces. The metal load consists of different categories of scrap metal. The influence of the quality of these types of waste on the recycling process and on the finished product by investigating the effect of the composition of the load on the steel removal is presented.","PeriodicalId":32608,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Materials Science and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49436709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sami Ullah Khan, Ding Wanwu, Qudrat Ullah Khan, Shadab Khan, Abid Alam, A. Ullah, H. Ullah
{"title":"AN ANALYSIS OF IN-SITU SYNTHESIZED AL 6061 ALLOY METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES: REVIEW","authors":"Sami Ullah Khan, Ding Wanwu, Qudrat Ullah Khan, Shadab Khan, Abid Alam, A. Ullah, H. Ullah","doi":"10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.04.220","url":null,"abstract":"Many alloys and aluminum composites have been produced in recent years for improved material performance. Al 6061 is now an aluminum alloy with a wide range of uses owing to its excellent microstructure. For the manufacture of aluminum matrix composites (AMC), it is a wise option for the matrix. The in-situ process produces Al 6061 aluminum alloy matrix composites, according to this research. It investigates the mechanical properties of Al 6061 composites, modern in-situ fabrication, processing conditions, and multiple reinforcements employed. Numerous researches have shown that the latest in-situ process is commonly used and ideal for designing Al-6061 Alloy composites reinforcing TiC, TiB2, Al2O3, SiC, and other inorganic, biological elements, hybrid, and nanomaterials. A variety of researchers indicated that higher reinforcement material increased the composites' mechanical and tribological properties. Moreover, hybrid composites outperformed single-reinforcement composites in terms of material properties. Industrial and agricultural residues are also recorded to be used in hybrid composites. Scientific investigations should concentrate on in-situ processing and material characterization of Al 6061 nanocomposites, which have a lot of promise as exotic technologies.","PeriodicalId":32608,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Materials Science and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48787131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUE AND CONSERVATION TREATMENT OF A UNIQUE GILT-BRONZE STATUETTE EXCAVATED THROUGH RESTORATION OF THE STEP PYRAMID, SAQARA","authors":"G. Mahmoud, Ashraf Ewais, S. Mohamed","doi":"10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.03.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.03.176","url":null,"abstract":"Unexpected excavation of the Osirian statuette was inaugurated in 2021 during a conservation project at the first step in the western façade of King Djoser Pyramid which dates back to the Ptolemaic era. Varies strategies of the examination techniques, such as stereo and polarizing microscopes, and scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and X-ray diffraction were undertaken to characterize the chemical structure of gilt-layer, preparatory layer, and bronze alloy to evaluate their condition. This paper describes the actual condition of the statuette after excavation inside the King Djoser Pyramid, and characterization of the corrosion phases, and determines the best technique for conservation. Visual investigation revealed that the core of the bronze statuette was in good condition, but most gold with gesso was misplaced. Investigation and analyses results demonstrate that amazing technique which gilding has been accomplished as a thin layer over the white substrate from gesso. X-ray diffraction establishes that cuprite and atacamite resulting from the activation corrosion were the major minerals covering the statuette. Besides, calcite and gypsum were detected, which are to be a part of the preparatory layer. EDX results demonstrate that pure gold was likely used in the gilding layer. The gilt-bronze statuette was made of multi-layered surfaces. The solid cast was used in the crafting technique. Fixation of remaining plaster to metal was undertaken using Clucel G (4%). The figure was immediately treated via popular methods as mechanical tools and solvents. Benzotriazole inhibitor (3%) was used to cure the activation of bronze disease. The coating system was applied by using 3% paraloid B72. Finally, the statuette was preserved in the storage with the appropriate conditions.","PeriodicalId":32608,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Materials Science and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41805700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"REVIEW OF PROPERTIES, COMPOSITION AND DEFECTS OF DIFFERENT GLASSES WITH POTENTIAL USE FOR GAS HYDROGEN STORAGE SYSTEMS","authors":"Andrei Rățoi, C. Munteanu, B. Istrate, D. Eliezer","doi":"10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.03.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.03.142","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews the research findings available on different types of glasses that presents potential use for high pressure gas hydrogen storage systems. An overview of the mechanical properties of different glasses, the influence of main constituents and the impact of defects to the strength of glass was presented. As part of this research, it can be concluded that the glass gets a significant improvement of tensile strength by reducing its dimensions to fibre sizes or capillaries due to reduced probability of defects presence.","PeriodicalId":32608,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Materials Science and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46852415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ioana, D. Tufeanu, D. Marcu, Bogdan Floréa, B. Ene, D. Juganaru, R. Solea
{"title":"HISTORICAL AND EDUCATIONAL ASPECTS OF DISCOVERIES AND INVENTIONS THAT REVOLUTIONIZED MANKIND","authors":"A. Ioana, D. Tufeanu, D. Marcu, Bogdan Floréa, B. Ene, D. Juganaru, R. Solea","doi":"10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.03.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ejmse.2021.06.03.131","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents discoveries and inventions from different periods of mankind, which played an important role in social and technological evolution. Thus, from the period of the Ancient World (prehistory - 400 AD), we present: the appearance of stone tools (which occurred in East Africa and belongs to the first hominids); pottery (appeared in 10500 BC); the development of metallurgy (began in the Middle East, around 6500 BC); the invention of the ox-drawn plow (which occurred around 4000 BC); the construction of the first pyramid in Egypt (2600 BC); the development of iron processing (as part of the development of metallurgy, it occurred around 1400 BC); modernization of papermaking technology (attributed to Tsai Lun, China, around 105 AD); Another historical period that we analyzed in terms of discoveries and innovations that revolutionized humanity was the Middle Ages (400 - 1500). Thus, from this period we presented the following discoveries and inventions: the discovery of the number zero (occurred in 520 and belongs to Indian mathematicians); woodcut printing (appeared in sixth century China); the first printed newspaper (year 700); the development of algebra (it belongs to the Greek mathematician Diophantos, 3rd century AD); gunpowder (it was discovered around 850); the establishment of the University of Bologna (made in 1088); The last period approached was the current one. From this period we presented the following discoveries: magnetism - a new form of electricity; devices controlled only by hand gestures.","PeriodicalId":32608,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Materials Science and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43160314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}