Y. Lui, D. Bolme, B. Draper, J. Beveridge, G. Givens, P. Phillips
{"title":"A meta-analysis of face recognition covariates","authors":"Y. Lui, D. Bolme, B. Draper, J. Beveridge, G. Givens, P. Phillips","doi":"10.1109/BTAS.2009.5339025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BTAS.2009.5339025","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a meta-analysis for covariates that affect performance of face recognition algorithms. Our review of the literature found six covariates for which multiple studies reported effects on face recognition performance. These are: age of the person, elapsed time between images, gender of the person, the person's expression, the resolution of the face images, and the race of the person. The results presented are drawn from 25 studies conducted over the past 12 years. There is near complete agreement between all of the studies that older people are easier to recognize than younger people, and recognition performance begins to degrade when images are taken more than a year apart. While individual studies find men or women easier to recognize, there is no consistent gender effect. There is universal agreement that changing expression hurts recognition performance. If forced to compare different expressions, there is still insufficient evidence to conclude that any particular expression is better than another. Higher resolution images improve performance for many modern algorithms. Finally, given the studies summarized here, no clear conclusions can be drawn about whether one racial group is harder or easier to recognize than another.","PeriodicalId":325900,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125865727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Principal Gabor filters for face recognition","authors":"V. Štruc, Rok Gajsek, N. Pavesic","doi":"10.1109/BTAS.2009.5339020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BTAS.2009.5339020","url":null,"abstract":"Gabor filters have proven themselves to be a powerful tool for facial feature extraction. An abundance of recognition techniques presented in the literature exploits these filters to achieve robust face recognition. However, while exhibiting desirable properties, such as orientational selectivity or spatial locality, Gabor filters have also some shortcomings which crucially affect the characteristics and size of the Gabor representation of a given face pattern. Amongst these shortcomings the fact that the filters are not orthogonal one to another and are, hence, correlated is probably the most important. This makes the information contained in the Gabor face representation redundant and also affects the size of the representation. To overcome this problem we propose in this paper to employ orthonormal linear combinations of the original Gabor filters rather than the filters themselves for deriving the Gabor face representation. The filters, named principal Gabor filters for the fact that they are computed by means of principal component analysis, are assessed in face recognition experiments performed on the XM2VTS and YaleB databases, where encouraging results are achieved.","PeriodicalId":325900,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121634081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploiting the “doddington zoo” effect in biometric fusion","authors":"A. Ross, A. Rattani, M. Tistarelli","doi":"10.1109/BTAS.2009.5339011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BTAS.2009.5339011","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research in biometrics has suggested the existence of the “Biometric Menagerie” in which weak users contribute disproportionately to the error rate (FAR and FRR) of a biometric system. The aim of this work is to utilize this observation to design a multibiometric system where information is consolidated on a user-specific basis. To facilitate this, the users in a database are characterized into multiple categories and only users belonging to weak categories are required to provide additional biometric information. The contribution of this work lies in (a) the design of a selective fusion scheme where fusion is invoked only for a subset of users, and (b) evaluating the performance of such a scheme on two public datasets. Experiments on the multi-unit CASIA V3 iris database and multi-unit WVU fingerprint database indicate that selective fusion, as defined in this work, improves overall matching accuracy while potentially reducing overall computational time. This has positive implications in a large-scale system where the throughput can be substantially increased without compromising the verification accuracy of the system.","PeriodicalId":325900,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129422930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Online learning in biometrics: A case study in face classifier update","authors":"Richa Singh, Mayank Vatsa, A. Ross, A. Noore","doi":"10.1109/BTAS.2009.5339071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BTAS.2009.5339071","url":null,"abstract":"In large scale applications, hundreds of new subjects may be regularly enrolled in a biometric system. To account for the variations in data distribution caused by these new enrollments, biometric systems require regular re-training which usually results in a very large computational overhead. This paper formally introduces the concept of online learning in biometrics. We demonstrate its application in classifier update algorithms to re-train classifier decision boundaries. Specifically, the algorithm employs online learning technique in a 2ν-Granular Soft Support Vector Machine for rapidly training and updating face recognition systems. The proposed online classifier is used in a face recognition application for classifying genuine and impostor match scores impacted by different covariates. Experiments on a heterogeneous face database of 1,194 subjects show that the proposed online classifier not only improves the verification accuracy but also significantly reduces the computational cost.","PeriodicalId":325900,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133107903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alphabetical list of titles","authors":"Danse de Buffons","doi":"10.1109/btas.2009.5339007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2009.5339007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":325900,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems","volume":"283 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115634926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"BTAS'09 organizing committee","authors":"M. Abdel-Mottaleb, K. Bowyer","doi":"10.1109/btas.2009.5339086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2009.5339086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":325900,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133868039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"General chair's welcome to BTAS 2009","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/btas.2009.5339008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2009.5339008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":325900,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126156046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}