Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Corrections for regular identification of high energy positive particles in experimental data using lobachevsky space","authors":"T. Ravdandorj, Khishigbuyan Narankhuu, S. Janchiv","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v62i04.2679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v62i04.2679","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, high-energy positive charged particles are distinguished using the Lobachevsky space or Hyperbolic space, which is defined as the total rapidity multiplied by hyperbolic cosines of the transverse and longitudinal rapidity of the particles. Experimental data from eight different types of interactions detected in the bubble chambers accumulated in the high-energy sector were used in the calculations. The weights used to construct the proton and positive pion distributions for each of the interacting secondary particles have been eliminated, allowing such studies to be performed such as particle counting and clustering.These weights do not include calculated weights at azimuth angles, near the center of the star, or without momentum measurements. We now have the opportunity to study positive pions and protons. The percentage of confused particles increases with the beam energy. \u0000After the reconstruction, we conducted a study of the temperature of the charged particles produced by the p + p interaction of 205 GeV, where Tsallis temperatures are close to Hagedorn . On the other hand, Hagedor  and  temperatures are higher than Tsallis, which means that the unstable states exchange heat as they move to equilibrium.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71015274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial D-loop sequence of Mongolian wild boars","authors":"Ali Khamit, Munkhjargal Bayarlkhagva, Dava Bazarsad, B. Ulziibat, Bayarlkhagva Damdin, Bayarmaa Gun-Aajav","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v62i03.2472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v62i03.2472","url":null,"abstract":"Genomic DNA was extracted from tissue specimens of wild boars (Sus scrofa) in 10 different locations Mongolia. D-loop part of genome was amplified by PCR and was subjected to DNA sequencing. Determined sequences from 18 specimens were registered with the GenBank and accession numbers were obtained. A total of 54 complete mitochondrial D-loop sequences of wild boars available with NCBI GenBank were taken as a reference for comparison with that of Mongolian wild boars. Sequence alignment, detection of parsimonious informative sites, model selection, calculation of nucleotide distances, and Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree construction with 1000 bootstrapped replications were conducted using MEGA X software. Maximum Likelihood trees were constructed by the Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano (HKY) model. The results of the study showed that geographic location played an important role in sequence divergence between wild boars from various locations. Most of them were grouped together according to their respective geographic locations, except for several individuals. It is highly likely that the Mongolian subpopulation of wild boars, such as S. scrofa raddianus and S. scrofa nigripes, have had the same ancestor. In order to fully evaluate the distribution, ecology, and biology of Mongolian wild boars, it is essential to compare supplemental gene sequences that can reveal phylogenetic differences from the populations in the neighboring areas, such as Russia, northeast China, and Kazakhstan. The results of this study will be useful and informative for the protecting and conserving of wild boars in Mongolia.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41910210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Response Spectra for Ulaanbaatar city","authors":"Munkhsaikhan Amarsanaa, O. Chimed, Dembereldulam Munkhjargal, Ganzorig Erdene","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v62i03.2471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v62i03.2471","url":null,"abstract":"According to researchers, Ulaanbaatar, the capital city of Mongolia, is in an active seismic zone, and more active faults around the city have been discovered in the last few decades. This is an alarming news for the city that has been expanding and developing rapidly. Therefore, consideration of the construction of structures that can withstand strong earthquakes has been becoming a complex problem from economic perspective and urban planning. This study aims to develop response spectra for all and any structure constructs in the city. To complete this requirement, we generated maximum response spectra correlating different soil classes, and taking into considering all potential active sources around the city. In this research work, we have proposed various response spectra that are associated with five different soil classes, and these response spectra can be used for the city.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46117061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"comparative study of biomass and morpho-physiological traits for different deciduous species in semi-arid afforestation region of Mongolia","authors":"Tseepil Avirmed, Ser-Oddamba Byambadorj, K. Akhmadi, Khulan Sharavdorj, Tsedensodnom Tsognemekh, Gerelbaatar Sukhbaatar, Batkhuu Nyam-Osor","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v62i03.2470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v62i03.2470","url":null,"abstract":"Afforestation practices are useful tools for rehabilitating degraded lands in many parts of the world, as well as in Mongolia for protecting soil, water resources, and the potential of carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change. And so, regular investigation was conducted to determine the response and adaptation of Populus sibirica, Ulmus pumila, and Hippophae rhamnoides in terms of growth characteristics and leaf morpho-physiological traits to suggest and select effective and sustainable afforestation methods to suit Mongolia’s conditions. We measured the root collar diameter (RCD), height growth, leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf biomass (LB), chlorophyll concentration and leaf water potential (ψ) of the selected species. Results showed that P. sibirica (135.3±6.81cm) height growth, stem, root and total biomass were higher among the studied species, but leaf and branch biomass was higher in U. pumila (93.46±5.10cm). However, leaf morphological parameters and chlorophyll content was higher for P. sibirica (330.56±56.81µg/ml) compared with other species. Leaf water potential was found lower for U. pumila and higher in H. rhamnoides. Therefore, we suggest that U. pumila is more adaptable to low mean annual precipitation regions, requiring less water and H. rhamnoides provide good financial source for local community as they yield fruits. Our findings are relevant to ensuring the sustainability of afforestation programs in semiarid conditions in Mongolia.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47970329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) and Fusarium head blight (Fusarium graminearum) related genes in domesticated wheat varieties in Mongolia","authors":"O. Bold, Otgon-Erdene Deriilaa, P. S. Baenziger","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v62i03.2473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v62i03.2473","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is recognized as the major crop among all cereals. For better quality and disease-free production, the current study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of genetic leaf rust resistance and fusarium head blight in nineteen genotypes of wheat, which are commonly grown in Mongolia. For example Khalkhgol-1, Darkhan-131, Darkhan-160, Darkhan-144, Orkhon, Darkhan-34, Darkhan-74, Darkhan-193, Altaiskaya-100, Darkhan-181, Darkhan-141, Buryatskaya osistiya, Darkhan-166, Buryatskaya-79, Buryatskaya-34, Selenge, Altaiskaya-530, Altaiskaya-325 and Altaiskaya jinitsa genotypes. The presence of Lr34 and Fhbt1 genes were evaluated for leaf rust and fusarium head blight respectively. Lr34 gene was reported in the Darkhan-160 and Darkhan-181 genotypes, while fusarium head blight was not reported in any of the genotype.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71015223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daytime geomagnetic pulsations accompanying sudden impulse of solar wind","authors":"Tsegmed Battuulai, A. Potapov, N. Baatar","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v62i02.2380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v62i02.2380","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes in detail ultra-low frequency (ULF) burst of oscillations, which was observed on April 23, 2002 immediately after a sudden geomagnetic pulse. The source of the pulse was a sharp inhomogeneity of the solar wind, which was acting on the magnetosphere, accompanied by a jump in dynamic pressure. We used simultaneous measurements of the magnetic and electric fields, as well as plasma parameters from the Polar satellite and data from induction magnetometers at the Mondy and Borok observatories. Polar spacecraft and obs. Mondy were near the noon meridian at the time of the burst recording. Comparing the time regime of dynamic spectra of oscillations on Earth and in space with on-board records of variations in the intensity and anisotropy of charged particles, we assumed that the burst of ion-cyclotron waves was excited as a result of the effect of a sudden impulse on the magnetosphere. The packet of these waves ran along the field line to the conjugate point in the ionosphere, and then propagated along the ionospheric waveguide. These conclusions are compared with another event on June 28, 1999, also associated with a sudden impulse. In this case, the form of the dynamic spectrum of the burst is characteristic not of ion-cyclotron, but of fast magnetosonic waves. Possible burst generation mechanisms of both types are discussed.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47501208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"InVEST model-based estimation of water yield in the Upper Tuul river basin","authors":"Munkhtur Purevsuren, Tseveengerel Batnyam","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v62i02.2381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v62i02.2381","url":null,"abstract":"The estimation and mapping of water yield are of significant importance to the effective planning and management of water resources in Mongolia. In this study, we quantified and assessed the water yield of the Upper Tuul River basin using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) Water yield model. The study aimed to test whether it is possible to estimate the water yield of the selected research area using the model. The required input data included land use and land cover, mean annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, soil depth, and plant available water content. In addition, those data were obtained from Landsat 8, Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration Product (MOD16), and International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC) database. Finally, we generated spatial distribution maps, namely, mean actual evapotranspiration (mm), mean water yield (mm), and the volume of water yield (km3) by pixel within the research area. According to the modelling results, the estimated value for mean annual precipitation was 295.08 mm, and 827.09 mm respectively for potential evapotranspiration, 229.13 mm for average actual evapotranspiration, 55.89 mm and 0.43 km3 for water yield within the study area. The result was slightly higher (15.1 mm) in terms of mean actual evapotranspiration compared to the results of previous studies, conducted in the same research area, and it was found that the potential water yield in the study area has also been impacted. However, the InVEST (Water Yield) model can be used for future research studies concerning water yield and resource in river basins as it is possible to further improve the model results by using in-situ measurement data and satellite products with high spatial accuracy as input data.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45946361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research study on seed physical property of Mongolian wheat varieties","authors":"Khishigjargal Ganzorig, M. Yadamsuren, Nyamdorj Tserendorj","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v62i02.2382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v62i02.2382","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is the main vital cereal crop in Mongolia (Triticum spp.) The size of the seed is one important feature of seed quality. It is directly related to plant growth, seed yield, market factor and harvest efficiency [1]. Equally important are the size and shape of the seed. The seed in the middle of spike ripens fast, after which the upper and lower parts ripen. Even though seeds in the lower part of the spike fill up at the same time as in the middle section of the spike, the seed ripens later. Seeds in the middle part of the spike have good filling and are bigger in size too. Moreover, they are good plantlets. A two year study was conducted in 2019-2020 to determine the effect of seed size on the yield  potential of six wheat varieties, including such early maturing varieties (Darkhan-160, Darkhan-131), medium maturing varieties (Darkhan-34, Darkhan-212) and late maturing (Darkhan-144, Darkhan 181) varieties. Seed samples of 6 varieties were separated in to four groups of seed diameter size, 2.0-2.2 mm, 2.2-2.4 mm, 2.4-2.6 mm, and 2.6-2.8 mm respectively. The seedling density was 350 seeds/m2. The field trial was performed in a completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The 1000 kernel weight in spike parts in tillage stems of varieties, grain yield and seed fraction of the yield were determined by using Grain Scan software. \u0000The best qualified seeds were placed at the medium part of the spike. The 1000 kernel weight of the medium part of Darkhan-181, Darkhan-131, and Darkhan-34 varieties reached 40-43 g and Darkhan-144 variety had the highest 1000 kernel weight (40-47 g). The portions of different seed sizes in yield was significant among the varieties planted. The varieties with longer vegetation period result higher portion of larger seeds in yield as compared to varieties with short vegetation period. The portion of large (>2.4mm) seeds in yield increased from 41.6-46.85% to 72.9-76.8% in different maturity varieties (from early to late medium). Grain yield of plots was increased with uniform large seeds in both years. The use of largest seeds resulted in a more competitive cropping system, improving grain yields by 16.9%. The yield decreased by 4.9% by planting seeds (2.0-2.2 mm) smaller than the control fraction (2.2-2.4 mm). The use of uniform large seeds increased both seedling emergence and grain yield. Results demonstrate that medium and mid-large uniform seeds (>2.2mm and >2.4mm) in accordance with the seed properties of the variety were useful in wheat seed production","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42978268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"effect of copper mining on vegetation disturbances in and out of Oyu Tolgoi mining site","authors":"Sainchuluu Amarsanaa, A. Lkhagva, Bolormaa Tsooj, Erdenechandmani Jargalsaikhan","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v62i01.2086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v62i01.2086","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2005, the mining sector has been a vital part of Mongolia's economy. This sector is one of Mongolia's most important sources of revenue. Primary outputs of Mongolia's mining industry are copper, gold, and coal. On the other hand, mining has a negative impact on the environment causing soil erosion, noise pollution, water pollution, and biodiversity loss. The Oyu Tolgoi copper mine is located in a semi-arid zone in the Mongolian Gobi. The impact of mining was investigated by sampling eight plots both in and out of this giant mining site.  Vegetative cover, species richness, biomass, and basal gap of perennial plants were compared within and outside the perimeter of the Oyu Tolgoi mining site. The mining sites have a harmful impact on the environment. According to our findings vegetation cover, species richness, biomass, and perennial plant gaps were not different between the paired plots outside and inside of the mining site. Mining activities had little effect on vegetation, according to the findings.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45280569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loess soil distribution and properties in Mongolia","authors":"O. Batkhishig, S. Timireva, T. Telmen, Yuri Kononov, Maamkhuu Zolzaya, Tserengunsen Purevdorj","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v62i01.2083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v62i01.2083","url":null,"abstract":"Loess and loess-like soil formations are distributed in 3 regions across Mongolia. The lower part of the Orkhon and Selenge river basin in North Mongolia is the main loess area and another two are located in east Mongolia, in the Onon and Ulz river basins and the Khalka Gol river area. Loess-like soil covers a total of 109,000 sq.km or 6.95 per cent of the territory of the country. Loess soil properties have been studied on the basis of 8 sections and 83 samples. Fine sand fraction is predominant in the loess granulometric composition and its mean value is 51.3 per cent, and silt content mean value is about 34.9 per cent. A typical loess is a non-stony silt or fine sand, but there are also gravel loess. The average stone gravel content in the loess sediments is 8.1 per cent, sandy loess doesn’t contain any stone, but coarse fragment is high (20.5 per cent) in gravel loess. There is higher sand content (57.0 per cent) in gravel loess as compared to sandy loess (47.4 per cent). Mongolian loess soil average calcium carbonate content is 2.9 per cent, and Organic Matter (0.93 per cent) is higher than Chinese loess (0.41 per cent). Using 14C isotope data analysis and sediment properties we have tried to define the loess stratigraphy. Lower base section of fine sand silty loess sediments or about 1-3 meter thick layers were mostly formed during the mid-Holocene (7.5-3.0 ka) period. Upper parts of silty loess or 1.0-0.7 meter top layers were accumulated in the late Holocene (3ka BP to present) period. Kastanozem topsoil humus horizon (15-30 cm) formation starts at 1.5-1.0 ka BP. Mid-Holocene period probably witnessed the most active loess accumulation with a warm and dry windy condition prevailing. Sandy loess with a thickness of 1-2 meters predominate in Mongolia, and in some places loess thickness reaches up to 20-30 meters.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42520785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}