{"title":"Binary Template Matching for Morphological Dilation Enhancement in Navigation Radar Imaging","authors":"O. Heriana, T. Praludi, C. Wael","doi":"10.14203/jet.v18.60-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/jet.v18.60-66","url":null,"abstract":"Radar imaging system is strongly influenced by other supporting systems. There is a motor system that provides angular information to the display system, and Digital Signal Processing (DSP) system that provides the main information for radar imaging. The new approach, we substitute a DC servo motor with a DC stepper motor as radar antenna rotator in our navigation radar system development. Different from the use of servo motors that can provide angle movements smoothly, the new motor system provides angle information of 0.56 degrees in every step, results in empty pixel gaps in every 0.56 degrees in radar Plan Position Indicator (PPI) image. The width of the empty pixel gaps becomes wider when the cell array of raw data is increasing regarding the image plotting process. In this paper, we proposed a new morphological dilation method to the radar raw data based on binary template matching to accommodate the various width of empty pixel gaps before the radar raw data are plotted into the radar PPI image. By this method, the morphological dilation will only be applied to the raw data that meet the same criteria as the binary template. Otherwise, the raw data will be left as they are. The result shows that there is 150.52% pixel data addition in the empty pixel gaps from the original image, and 48.44% increase of the morphological dilation without binary template matching method. ","PeriodicalId":32393,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42243319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rotational Speed Control of Brushless Dc Motor Using Genetic Algorithm Optimized PD Controller","authors":"R. A. Ardiansyah, E. Yazid","doi":"10.14203/JET.V18.75-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JET.V18.75-80","url":null,"abstract":"Controlling the rotational speed of brushless DC (BLDC) motor is an essential task to improve the transient and the steady state performances under loaded condition. Rotational speed control of BLDC motor using genetic algorithm optimized proportional-derivative (PD) controller to form what the so-called the genetic algorithm-PD (GA-PD) controller is proposed in this paper. Control system is realized in a microcontroller namely a 16MHz Atmega2560 with an absolute encoder as a position sensor. The effectiveness of the GA-PD controller is tested under constant and varying step functions with the Ziegler-Nichols-PD (ZN-PD) controller as a benchmark. Experimental results show that the GA-PD controller has slower speed than the ZN-PD controller, but the latter has overshoot and small oscillations during its steady state condition as a consequent of having a fast rise time.","PeriodicalId":32393,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47669199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Indrawijaya, Ros Sariningrum, B. Sukoco, Dadan Muliawandana
{"title":"Fractional-N PLL Synthesizer for FMCW Signal Generator with Dual-Mode Modulation Pattern","authors":"R. Indrawijaya, Ros Sariningrum, B. Sukoco, Dadan Muliawandana","doi":"10.14203/JET.V18.46-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JET.V18.46-52","url":null,"abstract":"Radar signal generator is a critical component in radar system as it determines the best achievable resolution. Single chip Fractional-N PLL synthesizer with built-in VCO and sweep modulator become more popular as Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) signal generator due to the simplicity and overall cost reduction. This paper presents a realization process and experimental result of dual-mode modulation pattern FMCW signal generator using HMC769LP6CE PLL. The PLL is controlled by ATMega328 microcontroller and Altera EPM240T100C5 CPLD to operate in two difference mode: 1-way sweep mode and 2-way sweep mode. The PLL is programmed with four different sweep bandwidth from 6.75–54 MHz for different range and resolution radar purpose. The performance of FMCW signal generator is measured using the output of passband signal spectrum. The experimental results indicate that the PLL-VCO with 2-way sweep mode has clearer frequency passband compared to 1-way sweep mode.","PeriodicalId":32393,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44027846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Prakoso, Ahmad Zainudin, P. Kristalina, R. F. Azhar
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Distribution Node in Case of LEACH Implementation on Wireless Sensor Network","authors":"B. Prakoso, Ahmad Zainudin, P. Kristalina, R. F. Azhar","doi":"10.14203/jet.v18.67-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/jet.v18.67-74","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless sensor networks consisting of sensor nodes can be used as an effective tool for collecting data in various situations. Nodes are usually placed randomly in an area to perform sensing and monitor various parameters related to environmental conditions in various locations. One of the major problems in wireless sensor networks is developing energy-efficient routing protocols that have a significant impact on the overall life of sensor networks so it is important to make energy savings in these limited energy sources to extend network life. This paper proposes a hardware design and Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol configuration for power saving by utilizing cluster head selection mechanism. The cluster head selection process is performed periodically based on LEACH algorithm enables the node to have the best lifetime responsible for communication between the nodes and the server as well as the effort to save energy consumption of limited energy sources to extend network life. So that makes the process of sending information more effective and optimal. The system has been able to display data information along with the position of nodes in the web server with an average of 42 seconds of computing time in a rotation of the system so that it can be done 85 times in 1 hour. The system is able to provide real-time information with a throughput of more than 1.052 Kbps and packet loss of no more than 6.7%. In addition, energy savings can up to 6.5% of the existing energy in a lithium battery.","PeriodicalId":32393,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44874204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeffry Omega Prima, B. Pamungkas, Nugraha, Suprijanto
{"title":"Polyaniline as Novel Polymer Materials for Dry Electrode- Based Electrocardiography (ECG)","authors":"Jeffry Omega Prima, B. Pamungkas, Nugraha, Suprijanto","doi":"10.14203/JET.V18.1-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JET.V18.1-8","url":null,"abstract":"Electrocardiography (ECG) has been instrumental for early detection of cardiovascular anomalies. In this research, we successfully prototyped and evaluated the performance of a novel dry electrode as ECG sensor. Copper was selected as dry electrode material due to its good balance between conductivity and affordability. Polyaniline was used as a conductive coating to facilitate the conversion of ionic currents from the human body into electrical currents in electronic circuits. The coating was carried out via electrodeposition technique. Optimal electrodeposition time of 20 min using acetic acid as a dopant was established. This yields in the dry electrode with comparable performance to the certified wet electrode currently available in the market, shown by PQRST signal correlation between dry electrodes (this study) and the wet electrode (benchmark) which is close to zero. The dry electrode prototyped in this study is characterized to have a conductivity of 7 x 10 -4 S/mm, a resistance of 10 Ω, capacitive reactance of 140 Ω, and excellent signal stability showing a value of 256.5 μV consistently for 2 hours.","PeriodicalId":32393,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44543280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Degradation of Shielding Performance of Metallic Sheet due to Aperture Configuration and Dimension at 2.4 GHz","authors":"A. Wardoyo, M. Alaydrus","doi":"10.14203/JET.V18.9-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JET.V18.9-14","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand on wireless connectivity has opened new and modern communication systems. Many wireless systems, for example Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, ZigBee, share the unlicensed frequency region around 2.4 GHz. Due to intensive application of Wi-Fi systems, there are certain disturbance potentials observed. The Wi-Fi signals cause interference to ZigBee networks which are used for smart grid applications. In this work, the shielding effectiveness of a metallic enclosure with several apertures is studied. Based on analytical expression from the literature, the shielding effectiveness by varying the sheet thickness, number of apertures, and aperture patterns is calculated. Several measurements of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) are carried out. The measurements are conducted on a shielded room to isolate the measurement from other unknown signal sources. The calculation and measurement of shielding effectiveness confirmed that more apertures on a shielding sheet will reduce the Shielding Effectiveness (SE). SE for one aperture for the case sheet thickness 0.7 mm and diameter of 12 mm reduce from 46.28 dB to 14.24 dB for 6 apertures. Bigger aperture diameters will also degrade the SE from 46.28 dB to 5.27 dB for aperture diameter 24 mm. The same condition can be concluded for the thickness 1.4 mm for aperture diameter of 12 mm. However a slightly different measurement results are obtained for the thickness 1.4 mm and aperture diameter of 24 mm. The thickness plays a significant role to attenuate the wave, so that SE is bigger than the calculated one.","PeriodicalId":32393,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66752487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improvement of DSOGI PLL Synchronization Algorithm with Filter on Three-Phase Grid-connected Photovoltaic System","authors":"R. Izah, S. Subiyanto, D. Prastiyanto","doi":"10.14203/JET.V18.35-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JET.V18.35-45","url":null,"abstract":"Synchronous Reference Frame Phase Locked Loop (SRF PLL) has been widely used for synchronization three-phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system. On the grid fault, SRF PLL distorted by negative sequence component and grid harmonic that caused an error in estimating parameter because of ripple and oscillation. This work combined SRF PLL with Dual Second Order Generalized Integrator (DSOGI) and filter to minimize ripple and minimize oscillation in the phase estimation and frequency estimation. DSOGI was used for filtering and obtaining the 90o shifted versions from the vαβ signals. These signals (vαβ) were generated from three phase grid voltage signal using Clarke transform. The vαβ signal was the inputs to the positive-sequence calculator (PSC). The positive-sequence vαβ was transformed to the dq synchronous reference frame and became an input to SRF-PLL to create the estimation frequency. This estimation frequency from SRF PLL was filtered by the low-pass filter to decrease grid harmonic. Moreover, the output of low-pass filter was a frequency adaptive. The performance of DSOGI PLL with filter is compared with DSOGI PLL, SRF PLL, and IEEE standard 1547(TM)-2003. The improvement of DSOGI PLL with filter gave better performances than DSOGI PLL and SRF PLLbecause it minimized ripples and oscillations in the phase and frequency estimations.","PeriodicalId":32393,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41654097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Mubarak, N. Nursam, S. Shobih, J. Hidayat, D. Tahir
{"title":"A Comparison of the Utilization of Carbon Nanopowder and Activated Carbon as Counter Electrode for Monolithic Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC)","authors":"Z. Mubarak, N. Nursam, S. Shobih, J. Hidayat, D. Tahir","doi":"10.14203/JET.V18.15-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JET.V18.15-20","url":null,"abstract":"Monolithic design is one of the most promising dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) architectures to develop, because it allows the elimination of one conductive substrate and offers the possibility for printing layer-by-layer of the materials that made up its structure. In this study, titanium dioxide-based monolithic type DSSCs were fabricated on a single fluorine-doped transparent oxide coated glass with TiO2 as photoanode and porous ZrO2 as spacer. The type of the carbon material used as the composite paste for the counter electrode was varied to see the effect on the solar cell efficiency. Four-point probes measurement revealed that the resistivity of the carbon layer synthesized using activated carbon exhibited slightly higher conductivity with a sheet resistance of 10.70 Ω/sq and 11.09 Ω/sq for activated carbon and carbon nanopowder, respectively. The efficiency of DSSC that uses activated carbon as counter electrode was higher (i.e. 0.221%) than the DSSC with carbon nanopowder (i.e. 0.005%). The better performance of DSSC with activated carbon as a counter electrode was due to its better conductivity and higher surface area compared to those of carbon nanopowder.","PeriodicalId":32393,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49242143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Anwar, E. Rosa, S. Shobih, J. Hidayat, D. Tahir
{"title":"Analysis of Thermal Treatment Zirconia as Spacer Layer on Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Performance with Monolithic Structure","authors":"C. Anwar, E. Rosa, S. Shobih, J. Hidayat, D. Tahir","doi":"10.14203/JET.V18.21-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JET.V18.21-26","url":null,"abstract":"Monolithic dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) offer the prospect of lower material cost and require a simpler manufacturing process compared with conventional DSSC. Fabricated on a single fluorine tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate consists of a nanoporous TiO2 photoanode layer, a ZrO2 spacer layer, a carbon counter electrode layer, a dye, and an electrolyte. The spacer layer on the monolithic DSSC serves as electrolyte storage and insulating layer to separate between photoanode and counter electrode. Zirconia is often used as a spacer because it has high temperature resistant properties, high dielectric constant and adhesive as an insulator that has band gap between 5-6 eV. The effects of the thermal treatment of zirconia layer as a spacer electrolyte on the performance of monolithic DSSC have been investigated. The cell’s performance increases with the sintering temperature as well as indicated by the decreased in particle size and increased in quantum efficiency in the absorption region of the titania layer. Co-sintering treatment tends to drastically reduce cell’s performance. The highest performance was obtained at a temperature sintering of 500o C with an PCE of 0.22%, Isc = 0.16 mA and Voc = 0.71 V.","PeriodicalId":32393,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42913781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhamad Ridwan Widyantara, Sugihartono, F. Y. Suratman, S. Widodo, P. Daud
{"title":"Analysis of Non Linear Frequency Modulation (NLFM) Waveforms for Pulse Compression Radar","authors":"Muhamad Ridwan Widyantara, Sugihartono, F. Y. Suratman, S. Widodo, P. Daud","doi":"10.14203/JET.V18.27-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JET.V18.27-34","url":null,"abstract":"Non Linear Frequency Modulation (NLFM) method can suppress the peak sidelobe level without additional windowing function. NLFM doesn’t require any weighting function because it has inbuilt one. NLFM has a variable frequency deviation function due to the relation between frequency and time of the signal which is not linear so that it is possible to suppress of peak sidelobe level. This paper studies the characteristic of various NLFM waveform, such as NLFM Tri Stage Piece Wise (TSPW), NLFM S, and NLFM Taylor. The study of Pulse Compression of NLFM waveform consists of three aspects. First, analysis of pulse compression performance. Second, analysis of background noise. Last, analysis of Doppler effects. The simulation is done using Matlab software. The lowest value Peak Sidelobe Level (PSL)of NLFM TSPW is about -20 dB while NLFM S and NLFM Taylor are about -32 dB and -39 dB. Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and Doppler Effect influenced the value of PSL for each NLFM waveform. NLFM Taylor has the best NLFM waveform when the Doppler Effect and AWGN cause the value of PSL become high. Comparison between NLFM Taylor and Linear Frequency Modulation(LFM) is done in radar surveillance applications to analyze the detectability performance where the condition of Radar Cross Section (RCS) for each target has different significant value. The three targets are commercial airplanes, helicopter and fighter. For detectability performance, NLFM Taylor can detect more clearly than LFM conventional.","PeriodicalId":32393,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47512330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}