Younoussa Moussa Baldé, S. Diop, S. Tebbani, Cellou Kanté
{"title":"Estimation of the specific growth rate for the anaerobic digestion process","authors":"Younoussa Moussa Baldé, S. Diop, S. Tebbani, Cellou Kanté","doi":"10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480197","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic digestion (AD) is used to produce usable methane (biogas, known as methane after purification). Organic waste (or products from energy crops, solid or liquid) can thus be recovered in the form of energy. Estimating the specific growth rate of microorganisms of this process remains a difficult task. In the present study, an estimation approach of the specific growth rate of AD is proposed. First, the reduction of the anaerobic digestion model No 1 (ADM1) into a one-step model is determined from experimental data. In a second step, the estimation of the growth rate is performed using a differential algebraic approach. The estimation procedure is evaluated and its performance is highlighted through results obtained in simulation.","PeriodicalId":322615,"journal":{"name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121788991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Naeimeh Fakhr Shamloo, E. D. Santis, M. D. Benedetto
{"title":"Critical Observability of Finite State Machines Under Attacks","authors":"Naeimeh Fakhr Shamloo, E. D. Santis, M. D. Benedetto","doi":"10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480178","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a general framework is proposed for the analysis and characterization of critical observability of finite state systems, affected by malicious attacks. Critical observability is defined with respect to a critical set, and corresponds to the property of immediately detecting the belonging of the current state to such critical set, based on the knowledge of the output evolution of the system. This concept, analyzed before for the nominal case, in which the model is known, as well as the function which associates to each state an output symbol, is here extended to the case in which there is an intrusion in the system, which could cause replacement or removal of output symbols, or injection of symbols in the output string. Therefore the problem consists in giving conditions under which critical observability is preserved, despite possible attacks. Different attacker models are considered. The case of attacks where the presence of the attacker cannot be detected is also addressed. The problem is solved in a set membership framework, which guarantees polynomial complexity of the proposed algorithms.","PeriodicalId":322615,"journal":{"name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121207274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Casella, G. Ferro, R. Minciardi, L. Parodi, M. Robba
{"title":"Optimal charging of electric buses: a periodic discrete event approach","authors":"V. Casella, G. Ferro, R. Minciardi, L. Parodi, M. Robba","doi":"10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480266","url":null,"abstract":"The use of electrical buses (EBs) is increasing all over the world to reduce pollution in cities. However, EBs’ charging represents a high load and, to minimize costs, it is necessary to optimally manage the recharge according to the intrinsically periodic arrivals and departures of vehicles. Moreover, they can participate in demand response programs to help the distribution system operator to manage the electrical grid in emergencies. In this paper, we propose a new model and a periodic discrete event approach for the optimal charging of EBs. The considered optimization problem minimizes costs, the maximum power taken from the external grid, and the dissatisfaction related to demand response requests. The considered system is characterized by different vehicles that should be charged by the same charging station in a depot in which storage systems are present too. The developed model can be used either for the management of charging in a depot or to participate to demand response programs. The resulting optimization problem has been applied to a real case study in the Genoa Municipality in which a fleet of EBs is present.","PeriodicalId":322615,"journal":{"name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127350762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Liberati, Roberto Germanà, Emanuele De Santis, A. Giorgio
{"title":"Optimal Control of an Energy Storage System and Plug-in Electric Vehicles Fast Charging in a Grid-connected Service Area","authors":"F. Liberati, Roberto Germanà, Emanuele De Santis, A. Giorgio","doi":"10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480262","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the increasing charging rate implemented by car manufacturers in the new generation of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), charging point operators are continuously adjusting the charging infrastructure accordingly. In order to maximize the charging operator’s return of investment and minimize the impact on the electricity grid, a key aspect is finding technical solutions which allow to downsize the nominal power flow at the point of connection between the charging station/charging area and the electricity grid, as the operating expenses are significantly affected by this parameter. In this regard, this study discusses the optimal control of an energy storage system (ESS) and PEVs fast charging for reducing the impact on the grid of the charging load in a charging area. A trade-off is achieved between the objectives of keeping limited the charging power withdrawal from the grid and the one of keeping limited the fluctuation of the state of charge of the ESS around a given reference, while keeping the charging power near to the nominal one. We present a deterministic solution, under the realistic assumption that the charging operator knows a piece-wise constant estimate of the aggregated charging power demand over the control period. Numeric simulations are provided to validate the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":322615,"journal":{"name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125445081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stabilizing elongated plasmas using extremum seeking: the ITER tokamak case study","authors":"G. Tommasi, S. Dubbioso, A. Mele, A. Pironti","doi":"10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480302","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose a model-free approach to stabilize vertical unstable plasmas in tokamak devices. The approach relies on the extremum seeking algorithm and on averaging theory to bring to zero the motion of the plasma along the unstable mode, hence achieving the stabilization of its vertical dynamic. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is shown by means of simulations. To this aim, the proposed model-free vertical stabilization system is included in the magnetic control system of the ITER tokamak to consider relevant operational scenarios.","PeriodicalId":322615,"journal":{"name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116440556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Scaradozzi, N. Ciuccoli, Arianna Pugliese, Veronica Bartolucci, S. Egi, Miraç Memisoglu, Tamer Özyigit
{"title":"A novel DPV as a holistic platform for real-time physiological status assessment of divers","authors":"D. Scaradozzi, N. Ciuccoli, Arianna Pugliese, Veronica Bartolucci, S. Egi, Miraç Memisoglu, Tamer Özyigit","doi":"10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480188","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the work performed to integrate a sensors network to a more complex and extensive system, represented by the architecture that constitutes the main output of the DiveSafe European project (G.A. EASME/EMFF/2017/1.2.1.12/SI/02/ SI2.789635). The latter also includes an underwater scooter, a Docking Station, a tablet and a whole communication system between the surface and the underwater environment in which the diver is located, as well as a remote server that also allows the execution of 3D reconstruction of the appropriately photographed environment. The sensors system presented here allows to monitor the main indicators of the diver's health during underwater activities. Through these sensors, it is therefore possible to real-time monitor physiological values such as breath rate, heartbeat and glucose levels, as well as to provide information on the decompression phases execution, in order to safely ascend once the underwater work is finished. The electronic components are located inside a special waterproof box that the diver wears at the height of the belt. The main sensors have been validated, motivating the choices made.","PeriodicalId":322615,"journal":{"name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114609713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decentralized Impedance Control of Mobile Robotic Manipulators for Collaborative Object Handling with a Human Operator","authors":"M. Logothetis, C. Bechlioulis, K. Kyriakopoulos","doi":"10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480265","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the recent developments in robotic technology that have introduced robots in various fields of industry, agriculture, service, security, etc., complex applications that involve multiple robots performing a task in physical interaction with humans, require further investigation. Towards this direction, we propose an impedance control scheme for multiple mobile manipulators assisting a human in transporting/manipulating a rigidly grasped object. The human operator plans the object’s motion, whereas the robot-team imposes predefined impedance properties on the object to reduce the human effort required to execute the task, without assuming either knowledge of the desired object trajectory or explicit inter-robot communication. Moreover, to achieve the desired impedance properties two novel decentralized estimation schemes are employed to derive the human motion intention and the human exerted wrench. Finally, a simulated paradigm verifies the theoretical findings.","PeriodicalId":322615,"journal":{"name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130309088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applicability of Different Mono Camera-based Aircraft Sense and Avoid Methods for Steady and Linear Path Intruders","authors":"Péter Bauer","doi":"10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480201","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents different mono camera-based aircraft sense and avoid methods considering linear and nonlinear own flight trajectories and steady and linear intruder trajectories. It introduces a new method which in certain circumstances is capable to estimate intruder absolute position and velocity. Its relation to a previously published method is formulated and its reduced version considering steady intruders is also shown. The limitations and advantages of all methods are evaluated mathematically and in Matlab tests and finally a list of their ideal capabilities and application guidelines are provided.","PeriodicalId":322615,"journal":{"name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123364378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Almost Globally Asymptotically Stable Switched PD Control for a Spherical Pendulum","authors":"Bhavini Jeloka, R. Banavar, D. H. S. Maithripala","doi":"10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480292","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a methodology to control a spherical pendulum on a stationary base in an upright position. This is based on the application of a nonlinear PD controller and a linear feedback controller in a small domain around the vertically upward equilibrium. The controller is designed to transition from the nonlinear to the linear region once it becomes sufficiently close to its equilibrium point. The region of asymptotic stability of the pendulum encompasses all initial conditions apart from the vertically downward position. Numerical experiments illustrating the performance of the controller are also provided.","PeriodicalId":322615,"journal":{"name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121256429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rajasree Sarkar, Syed Muhammad Amrr, Deepak U. Patil, I. Kar
{"title":"A Hysteresis Quantizer Based Artificial Time Delayed Control Strategy for Re-entry Phase of Reusable Launch Vehicle","authors":"Rajasree Sarkar, Syed Muhammad Amrr, Deepak U. Patil, I. Kar","doi":"10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MED51440.2021.9480343","url":null,"abstract":"This work addresses the attitude tracking problem of reusable launch vehicle (RLV) in its re-entry phase under limited use of communication resources. The inherent nonlinear dynamics and challenging environmental conditions render the objective of navigating the RLV along a desired path to be a difficult task. In this regard, a time-delay based control (TDC) strategy with input hysteresis quantizer is proposed to achieve robustness against external disturbances and model uncertainties. The TDC approach utilizes input-output data of the immediate past instant for estimating the uncertainties effecting the space shuttle. While, the input quantizer discretizes the continuous TDC command to a finite set of predefined discrete levels. Thus, wireless transmission of control command to the actuator is carried out at a lower rate and obeys the communication constraint. Stability analysis using Lyapunov’s method is carried out to demonstrate uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) convergence of the system states on application of the proposed control scheme. Simulation studies have been included to highlight efficacy of the proposed control scheme in terms of robust tracking of the reference trajectory and control update reduction.","PeriodicalId":322615,"journal":{"name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128043921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}