Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)最新文献_第5页

Minorities in social and state structures: reflections on the Sikh community of Swat, Pakistan 社会和国家结构中的少数民族:对巴基斯坦斯瓦特锡克教社区的反思

Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.47264/idea.lassij/6.1.3

A. Qadir

{"title":"Minorities in social and state structures: reflections on the Sikh community of Swat, Pakistan","authors":"A. Qadir","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/6.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/6.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The Sikh community of Swat has been living in the area since their migration from Hazara in the 19th century. They lived peacefully though dealt with as clients of the Pukhtuns of Swat till 1969 when it was merged with Pakistan. Under the 1973 Constitution, they are equal citizens of Pakistan, however, the practice may not be as prescribed by the State. There are citizens and social forces too, that work alongside state institutions. The post-9/11 militancy has affected the entire region and Swat remained a hotbed of militancy for more than a decade. The paper looks into the status of the Sikhs living in Swat, their economic and social opportunities, the threats that they have faced as well as their perception of their status. The Sikh community of Swat was approached, and a few questions were put before them which were frankly responded. Despite serious threats to the state and society at large, the Sikhs of Swat were not tortured by the militants which indicate that militancy was not an indigenous move. Though a few families migrated from the area but returned to Swat after a couple of years because they were not happy in the ‘other’ social structure.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129655086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Pashto poetry and drones: the necromaniac mutations of tapey 普什图诗歌和雄蜂:塔佩的死灵突变

Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) Pub Date : 2022-04-23 DOI: 10.47264/idea.lassij/6.1.2

S. Ashraf, Muhammad Farooq

{"title":"Pashto poetry and drones: the necromaniac mutations of tapey","authors":"S. Ashraf, Muhammad Farooq","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/6.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/6.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The material consequences of the US-led “war on terror” in Pakistan are always counted in statistical terms, that is, the number of casualties in drone strikes or suicide bombings. Little attention, however, is paid to the local public imagination to know how the ordinary people consume this everyday destruction and what kind of cultural production it ensures that shapes and inspires their imagination. In this study, therefore, we discuss the way systemic violence and cultural expression reinforce each other and how such an uneasy configuration depicts the pain and injury of people affected by this global war. We examine a purposive sample of Pashto tapey--anonymous couplets attributed to Pashtun women and conventionally reflecting war, valour, grief, longing, and love--to gain an insight into how this folk literature engages militarized violence, embraces the political and ideological challenges of the war, and reveals the hidden power contestation between actual militarization and symbolic representation. A close reading of these tapey depicts that Pashtun life is not only subjected to a rule of death, what Mbembe calls, “necropolitics” but these tapey create its own necrospace in local enunciative and cultural practices, thus reinforcing militarised violence in a cultural sphere.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132614993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Religious violence towards minorities: The case of Youhanabad Church attack in Pakistan 针对少数群体的宗教暴力:巴基斯坦尤哈纳巴德教堂袭击案

Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.47264/idea.lassij/6.1.1

M. A. Aslam, Tehmina Aslam, M. Zubair

{"title":"Religious violence towards minorities: The case of Youhanabad Church attack in Pakistan","authors":"M. A. Aslam, Tehmina Aslam, M. Zubair","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/6.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/6.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Violence in general but religion-based violence, in particular, has been an unsettling, however ubiquitous, feature of Pakistani society. While there are economic, social, ideological, and psychological causes for why individuals engage in various acts of violence, particularly those against minority and marginalized groups are usually systemic. That is to say that either the system actively perpetuates it or passively observes it as it happens without doing anything to stop it. In Pakistan, religious violence is a result of both active perpetuations through discriminatory laws like blasphemy and or the prejudiced school curriculum and passive observation. Furthermore, in a larger context, all of this can be attributed to myopic state policies which sought to unify the nation by using Islam as a political tool to break ethnic strongholds. As it turns out, this policy has been disastrous for minority and marginalized groups. This paper seeks to understand the dynamics of religious violence in Pakistan to explain the twin attacks on Youhanabad Church in 2015. Furthermore, it undertakes a qualitative study i.e., conducting interviews with the victims of the 2015 church attack, to get insight into their feelings and how they are dealing with different emotional and economic effects of the tragedy.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114772917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Manifestation of characters' status, identity and mobility in Film: A comparative analysis of Sin Nombre, Biutiful, and Parasite 电影中人物地位、身份与流动的表现:《罪恶》、《美丽》、《寄生虫》的比较分析

Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.18

Haley Kathryn Richardson, Abida Bano

引用次数: 0

An analysis changing dynamics of Sino-Russian relations in Central Asia 中亚地区中俄关系动态变化分析

Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.19

A. Rashid, Taqdees Tahir

{"title":"An analysis changing dynamics of Sino-Russian relations in Central Asia","authors":"A. Rashid, Taqdees Tahir","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.19","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses China’s growing presence in Central Asia and its consequences on Sino-Russian bilateral relations. Global leading economic powers are establishing relations with Central Asian states and are actively investing in the trade and energy sector. China is becoming an influential external actor due to its energy and security interests linked to this region as it will decrease Chinese dependence on Middle East for its energy needs. Russia has been considering Central Asia as important domain of its great power and never allowed any other state to replace its hegemony in Central Asia. Though China and Russia have witnessed a bitter past but now cooperating for their mutual interests in Central Asia. This paper aims to provide a historical perspective of Sino-Russian relations and an analysis of current engagement of China and Russia in Central Asia through the lens of neorealism. The methodology used in the research paper is secondary resources as the information has been gathered from books, articles, newspapers, websites, blogs, etc. The paper suggests that despite the Sino-Russian collision of interests in Central Asia, both major powers will continue to maintain peaceful co-existence to ensure economic development, peace, and prosperity in this region of the world.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124115624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Assessment of the Socio-economic determinants of school children dropouts in rural areas of district Peshawar, Pakistan 评估巴基斯坦白沙瓦地区农村地区学童辍学的社会经济决定因素

Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) Pub Date : 2021-12-25 DOI: 10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.17

A. Zeb, Sajid Gul, Gu Mingyan, O. Ullah

{"title":"Assessment of the Socio-economic determinants of school children dropouts in rural areas of district Peshawar, Pakistan","authors":"A. Zeb, Sajid Gul, Gu Mingyan, O. Ullah","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"Children dropping out from schools is one of common phenomena in the modern world. Different demographic, socio-economic, psychological, school based, and community factors are responsible for the number of children school dropout across the globe. Using convenient sampling technique, through questionnaire and interview methods primary data was collected from 400 household heads whose children were dropped out from schools in rural areas of district Peshawar during last five years. For this purpose, a structured questionnaire and interviews were conducted to obtain the required data. Results of the study reveal that, in case of boys, more than 60% of the respondents were of the view that poverty is the main reason for children's school dropout. In the case of girls school dropouts, 45% left studies incomplete because of poor financial position. Other determinants such as father education, mother education, school distance, illiterate community, the parental perception was also considered more or less responsible for school dropout of the children. This study recommends that government should provide free education along with monetary incentives to those household heads who do not send their children to schools due to financial constraints.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134545345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The great polarized game in the Indian Ocean: Options for US, China and Pakistan 印度洋的两极分化游戏:美国、中国和巴基斯坦的选择

Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.16

Sharin Shajahan Naomi, Syed Muhammad Saad Zaidi, Dr. Adam Saud

{"title":"The great polarized game in the Indian Ocean: Options for US, China and Pakistan","authors":"Sharin Shajahan Naomi, Syed Muhammad Saad Zaidi, Dr. Adam Saud","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"Indian Ocean (IO) has occupied an overlapping space of political concern and maritime security due to increasing geo-strategic importance in the region. A competition has been noticed amongst key littoral states in the IO, particularly among United States, India and China. In this competing game, United States is found to be proactively supporting India to expand its influence on IO. On the other hand, China is developing trade and military relationship with other countries including Pakistan to demonstrate leverage on the IO region. This paper sheds light into this great polarized game and its implications for Pakistan. The study uses secondary data and adopts a critical approach largely based upon ‘realist’ paradigm to analyse and understand the role of the aforementioned key actors in the political developments of the region The study reveals that both India and China, are competing ferociously and forming alliances (India with USA and China with Pakistan) to establish regional hegemony. This competition, in turn, has greatly politically polarized the region and threatened peace and stability. In this context, Pakistan needs to carefully develop its strategy which will serve its aspiration to have a positive peaceful image in the global politics and serve strategic national interest.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123027403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Japan's priorities in Taiwan: Its impacts on Japanese relations with America and China 日本在台湾问题上的优先考虑:对日美、日中关系的影响

Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.14

Sahibzada Muhammad Usman, Yamama Khalid

{"title":"Japan's priorities in Taiwan: Its impacts on Japanese relations with America and China","authors":"Sahibzada Muhammad Usman, Yamama Khalid","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"America-Japan partnership is now at the core of the America-led defence system in the East Asia. The unresolved state of Taiwan is already one of the worst security conditions in the region in the terms of this partnership. It may contribute to a big confrontation of one or both countries with China. The broader Taiwan-Japan-China-America ties usually regard Taiwan and Japan as the least influential combination imaginable. Despite this fact, the depth of engagement, hard to categorize and with great potential to affect stability and security in the field, is reversed from this tertiary regional connection. Therefore, Japan's major goal to balance the power with Taiwan is to preserve and develop constructive de-facto state-to-state ties between the liberal and democratic powers of similar consciousness, both of which are scared of the Chinese control. This paper discusses the specific ties between Japan and Taiwan in conjunction with Japanese domestic priorities and analyses the repercussions for America-Japan cooperation in the future. Especially about Japan, the American and Taiwanese governments should identify areas of difference early on and resolve emerging issues within the alliance's auspices.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133127143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Impact of foreign remittances on school enrolment and educational expenditures in district Peshawar, Pakistan 外国汇款对巴基斯坦白沙瓦地区入学率和教育支出的影响

Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) Pub Date : 2021-11-02 DOI: 10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.13

Sajid Gul, A. Zeb, O. Ullah, Mingyan Guo

{"title":"Impact of foreign remittances on school enrolment and educational expenditures in district Peshawar, Pakistan","authors":"Sajid Gul, A. Zeb, O. Ullah, Mingyan Guo","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify the effects of foreign remittances on school enrolment and the educational expenditures of children in the Peshawar district. Primary data were acquired by simple random sampling and a questionnaire. Correspondingly, the logit approach and Heckman selection theory were utilized to examine school enrolment and educational expenses. The marginal effects were evaluated to determine the co-efficient. The study's findings indicate that Per Capita Remittances (PCRM) have a highly substantial and beneficial effect on children's school attendance, with a (10.8%) point increase in school enrolment for every 100 rupees rises in Per Capita Remittances (PCRM). Suppose a household's Per Capita Income (PCIM) improves by one hundred rupees, the probability of children enrolling in school increases by (0.17). The results indicate that PCRM and educational costs per kid are significantly and positively correlated. Educational spending per child increases by 12.01 rupees for every 100 rupees rise in family remittances per capita, whereas every 100 rupees increase in per capita income increases educational expenditure per kid by (8.38 PKR). Which leads to an 8.38 % marginal propensity to spend on child education.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121452987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

The use of technology for online classes during the global pandemic: Challenges encountered by the schoolteachers in Pakistan 全球大流行期间在线课程技术的使用:巴基斯坦学校教师面临的挑战

Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.12

N. Rehman, Wenlan Zhang, Mussarat Iqbal

{"title":"The use of technology for online classes during the global pandemic: Challenges encountered by the schoolteachers in Pakistan","authors":"N. Rehman, Wenlan Zhang, Mussarat Iqbal","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"The lockdown after COVID-19 outbreak not only harmed the economy but also shut down all educational activity, resulting in a significant gap in learning and understanding among students worldwide. This mixed method study was conducted to know the media used by the teachers to teach online classes and challenges faced by the teachers' during online teaching in pandemic, which has hampered continued/online education due to interviews from the ten government teachers. Data was transcribed, coding was done, and five themes were analysed. The study showed that teachers mostly use WhatsApp and zoom meeting for online classes. Skype, Voov meeting and smart school is also use as a media for online teaching and learning purpose. Qualitative data revealed that teachers faced numerous problems during online classes, the biggest obstacle was the lack of electric power and low internet speed, along with that the parents and students’ non-serious behaviour also affects the online education system. along with that lack of proper online forum, adversely affect the students’ concepts, knowledge, and communication with their teachers while using the internet as a learning tool. Teachers are overburdened due to the large number of online classes being offered, affecting the quality of education.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121975978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7