Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice最新文献

{"title":"THE NEED TO DEVELOP AN EXPORT-ORIENTED TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE GRAIN MARKET AND ITS PROCESSED PRODUCTS IN THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT","authors":"A. Bykov, V. Aleschenko, R. Chupin, Artem Sofronov","doi":"10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-7-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-7-18","url":null,"abstract":"The issues of the development of export-oriented transport and logistics infrastructure of the grain market and its processed products are particularly relevant and significant in the context of the need to develop interstate relations. This issue is of particular relevance in the Siberian Federal District, as a region - the largest producer of grain and grain products and having an unfavorable economic and geographical position relative to the main markets for Russian grain products. The article presents the main indicators of grain exports of the Siberian Federal District in dynamics for 2017-2021 in value and in kind, and identifies the largest grain exporters, holdings in the provision of transport and logistics services. The full list of importing countries of Siberian grain is presented. The authors have identified the reasons that determine the low share of the district in Russian grain exports. The volumes of export rail transportation for 2017-2021 from the main grain–producing regions of the district are presented. The authors identified the main problems hindering the export of grain and its processed products from the Siberian Federal District and the main signs of a well-developed export-oriented transport and logistics infrastructure. The study made it possible to identify the main transport and logistics obstacles hindering the development of the grain market and its processed products in the Siberian Federal District and to develop proposals for their elimination.","PeriodicalId":321343,"journal":{"name":"Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice","volume":"227 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114090220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESSENCE AND FEATURES OF YOUTH ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN MODERN CONDITIONS","authors":"O. Boris, V. Parakhina, R. Ustaev","doi":"10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-71-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-71-84","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, youth unemployment is a complex and problematic issue in all countries, including Russia. The article highlights the regions for which this problem is most relevant. In the Russian Federation, this is the North Caucasian Federal District, where unemployment is 2 times higher than the national average. Youth find it difficult to find employment in times of crisis. For this reason, about 20 percent of young people in the world have lost their jobs during the pandemic. The article discusses the features of youth entrepreneurship as a way to overcome youth unemployment. It has been established that having a high level of activity, young people often have an overestimated level of expectations and claims that prevent them from adequately assessing their capabilities. On the basis of the conducted content analysis, the triune essence of youth entrepreneurship was determined: economic (activation of economic growth), state-public (overcoming unemployment); socio-psychological (the growth of the well-being of young people and the possibility of its rapid self-realization). \u0000Two fairly independent, but over time intertwining types are identified - forced and goal-oriented entrepreneurship, which form two sets of youth enterprises discussed in the article. It is also shown that the younger generation should be considered the most important innovative part of society. \u0000The purpose of the work is to highlight the features of youth entrepreneurship as a means of solving the problem of unemployment and creating conditions for economic growth in modern conditions. To achieve the goal, methods of statistical analysis of data on unemployment, as well as comparative and morphological analysis and synthesis of factors that determine changes in the youth business environment, were used. \u0000The conclusions of the article may be of practical importance for government bodies and business associations in the North Caucasus Federal District to solve the problems of youth unemployment. \u0000The study showed that in a crisis, for the success of youth enterprises, their effective, purposeful and strategically built support is important, including support by the state and / or educational organizations and / or the business community in various options highlighted in the article.","PeriodicalId":321343,"journal":{"name":"Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132437982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL COMPETENCIES OF SPECIALISTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE LABOR MARKET","authors":"T. Petrochenko","doi":"10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-45-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-45-55","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the significant changes in life that modern digital technologies have made. The active and rapid ability to master and involve digital technologies in the process of working activity implies adaptation to the innovative conditions of the professional environment. Today digital literacy is a basic skill of any person, the ability to effectively and safely use the most convenient digital solutions, services and products. It is no coincidence that lessons on the study of digital literacy have been introduced in primary school, starting to develop digital competencies. Digital literacy is based on digital competencies that contribute to solving various tasks in the field of using information and communication technologies, which will definitely ensure gaining a competitive advantage in the global market. Measures aimed at the development of digital competencies contribute to the transformation and transformations in the field of \"new\" specialties. That is why modern schoolchildren choose in advance a reference point for the professions of the future, which undoubtedly arouse interest, despite the fact that there are questions about \"new\" specialties in modern society. The research methodology was based not on individual methods, but on their system. The scientific novelty lies in the development of theoretical, methodological and practical proposals for the development of digital competencies of specialists in the conditions of the formation of the digital transformation of the labor market.","PeriodicalId":321343,"journal":{"name":"Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122906054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPREHENSIVE RATING ASSESSMENT OF SPATIAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION","authors":"A. Volodin","doi":"10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-34-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-34-44","url":null,"abstract":"This work is devoted to the development of the author's aggregated assessment of socio-economic development in the context of the digital transformation of public life. The main views on this issue both in Russia and abroad are considered. The article discusses and evaluates current indicators and indices of socio-economic and digital development in different countries of the world. The author's assessment is a summary of: 1. the index of a better life according to the OECD (a generalized characteristic of the quality of life in the OECD countries according to 11 complex parameters); 2. index of social progress (basic human needs, foundations of well-being and opportunities); 3. human development index (assessment of countries by life expectancy, the level of literacy of the population of the country in the form of the average number of years of education and the expected duration of education, as well as the standard of living); 4. GDP per capita in purchasing power parity; 5. index of development of information and telecommunication technologies (reflects the level of network infrastructure, access to the network and the level of use of information and telecommunication technologies in society); 6. global innovation index (characterize the potential of innovative development in terms of the potential of innovation and the efficiency of using this potential). As a result of the work, the considered indicators are compared, brought to a 100-point rating scale with an accuracy of hundredths of a unit, their weighting coefficients are introduced and described, and the given estimates are calculated for countries that are not included in certain indices. In conclusion, a list of countries with the highest results of a comprehensive rating assessment is given. To obtain a general table of countries with a point coefficient and a characteristic of the assessment (net / reduced), the reader can always write to the author of the work by mail.","PeriodicalId":321343,"journal":{"name":"Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117123523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE CONCEP OF METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS OF REGIONAL INNOVATIVE BUSINESS PROJECTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES","authors":"S. Malanyak, L. Markova","doi":"10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-111-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-111-123","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the process of managing regional innovative business projects is subject to consideration as a necessary condition for creating an innovative model for the development of strategic initiatives that can form an innovative idea and transform it through commercialization into a specific innovative product throughout the entire production and economic cycle. \u0000The analysis carried out in the study made it possible to state that in order to provide conditions for the innovative development of business projects, as well as to build an innovative model of strategic development, it is necessary to develop a concept of methodological support for the process of managing regional innovative business projects in the context of the implementation of strategic initiatives. The development of the concept will make it possible to identify among those with the greatest potential for innovative development business projects at the level of regional management and strategizing to increase the efficiency of the economy in the context of sustainable development. Considering the importance of regional policy, which focuses the attention of the developed countries of the world, as a significant element of the state policy aimed at increasing the level of economic development and welfare of the population, it is necessary to determine the significance of the considered innovative business projects in the implementation of national and regional policies in the socio-economic, environmental and other areas. \u0000With the clarity of the outlined tasks, the first problems arise in determining the list of methodological support for a more effective construction of an innovative model for the development of the process of managing regional innovative business projects in the context of the implementation of strategic initiatives.","PeriodicalId":321343,"journal":{"name":"Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134278076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISSUES OF IMPLEMENTATION OF MEASURES TO SUPPORT EMPLOYMENT IN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN RUSSIA","authors":"O. Lec","doi":"10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-85-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-85-110","url":null,"abstract":"The study is devoted to problematic issues concerning both the increase in the number of employees in small and medium-sized businesses of the Russian Federation and comprehensive measures of state support for employment in the field of entrepreneurship. The reflection of the tasks of ensuring employment of the population in national and federal projects of the Russian Federation is considered. The paper notes that a number of targets of national projects to ensure employment are not sufficiently justified, difficult to achieve and do not meet the modern needs of the digital economy. A brief overview of the changes in the legal field that affect the development of small and medium-sized businesses and contribute to the solution of employment issues is provided. The author comes to the conclusion that the classical mechanisms of ensuring employment of the population (the provision of tax preferences, various benefits and subsidies to employers) should be supplemented by the effective use of new tools, which at the moment are digital platforms and services. The article analyzes the functionality aimed at entrepreneurs-employers and job seekers, such modern platforms as: the Digital platform of SMEs, the portal for supporting small and medium-sized enterprises \"My Business\", the website of the HeadHunter company, the portal of the employment center \"Work of Russia\", the website of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, the portal of public services. It is established that the imbalance of information and communication links, as well as departmental and/or economic disunity prevent all the digital services discussed above from integrating their capabilities. At the same time, the possibilities of digitalization may consist not only in creating an integrator program of these digital services for the purpose of ensuring employment in small and medium-sized businesses, but also in developing a template for the \"Career Growth\" model for the younger generation and for older people, as well as restarting the mechanism of the social contract.","PeriodicalId":321343,"journal":{"name":"Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132800454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF TRANSPORT PLANNING IN THE GRAPHS OF WINTER WHEAT CULTIVATION","authors":"A. Kulikov, E. Sulimenova, P. Pavlov, A. Kulikov","doi":"10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-150-161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-150-161","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the agricultural activity of the agro-industrial complex of the Volgograd region. A study of the value of the yield of winter wheat for a relatively long period from 1930 to 2021 was conducted. The transport component in the technological map of winter wheat cultivation has been determined. It is revealed that when harvesting grain, production transport and logistics systems with mass transportation chains at the micro, meso and macro levels arise. In the agro-industrial complex, it is imperative to work out technological schemes for cultivating agricultural crops and the correct organization of interaction between road transport and combine harvesters as part of harvesting and transport teams, based on modeling methods. The authors proposed to plan transport costs by constructing graphs at the micro–level \"Sowing fields – district current\", at the meso–level – using the graph \"District current – district elevators\", at the macro-level - using the graph \"District elevators - port elevators\". The effectiveness of the proposed measures is evaluated by economic methods. As a result, agricultural enterprises are able to plan their work taking into account new information technologies that ensure higher efficiency of their agricultural activities. The resulting economic effect is only for the individual links selected as an example of each of the levels of a large multimodal logistics system (at the micro level for the link (A_20–B_(1 )) – 61,660 rubles, at the meso level for the link (A_79–B_(33 )) – 625,833.3 rubles, at the macro level for the link (A_33–B_(2 )) – 10,923,680.6 rubles). It will reduce the transport component in the calculation of costs for the cultivation of winter wheat sold inside Russia and for export to Turkey and Iran.","PeriodicalId":321343,"journal":{"name":"Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130815130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE DETERMINATION OF WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTION AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION INFRASTRUCTURE ON SYSTEM REGIONAL ECONOMY","authors":"Yung-Keun Koh, V. Degtereva","doi":"10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-2-27-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-2-27-46","url":null,"abstract":"At the present state of development of regional economy, we can see a constant growth of amount of innovation infrastructure objects. In this case, actual problems of systematization, evaluation of the effectiveness of functioning, choosing ways of development and management of innovation infrastructure objects arise. The goal of this article is to determine the ways for development of production and technological innovation infrastructure in the system of the regional economy by effectiveness of functioning analysis of innovation infrastructure objects. By result of analysis of methods and ways of evaluation of the effectiveness of functioning of development production and technological innovation infrastructure, and the results of ratings of infrastructure objects by the government and social and business organizations, authors have determined key/fundamental ways of development of production and technological innovation infrastructure objects and innovation activity. The authors have done the conclusions about the necessity of development of the legal regulation of innovation infrastructure objects, creation of the system of monitoring and collecting data, management companies financial improvement, strengthening the control over the spending of budget investments and transfers, creation of the methods of evaluation of the effectiveness of functioning of development production and technological innovation infrastructure. Also, evaluation of the effectiveness of functioning of development production and technological innovation activity have to take into account the specifics of such objects and determine the efficiency of functioning of both the object of innovation infrastructure directly (as a business entity characterized by the presence of a property complex, residents, resources and a management company), and its effectiveness in terms of achieving the goals of creating such an infrastructure object and its impact on socio-economic development of the region.","PeriodicalId":321343,"journal":{"name":"Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122474433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN THE ORYOL REGION IN A PANDEMIC","authors":"A. Polyanin, L. Tugacheva, A. Repichev","doi":"10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-2-97-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-2-97-112","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the current level of development of SMEs in the regional context on the example of the Oryol region; studied the features of state support for business during the COVID-19 pandemic; trends, risks and prospects for the activities of businessmen in a rapidly changing economic and political environment have been identified. Of interest is the process of transformation of restrictions due to the worsening epidemiological situation into economic restrictions of an external nature, due to the ongoing sanctions imposed against Russia by foreign states. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the scientific work of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of business support, focused on achieving sustainable development and ensuring import substitution. The study was based on an integrated approach, which involves the study of various aspects of entrepreneurship development, taking into account economic, social, cultural and political components. The study of materials on the stated issues was carried out by the authors using the methods of structural and system analysis, text mining. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the further development of entrepreneurship should take place in the conditions of active digitalization of processes. It was determined that the measures of state support for business during the pandemic allowed most entities to maintain their activities and further resist the impact of sanctions in the new economic conditions, using the opportunities to develop vacant market niches. Scientific novelty lies in the expansion of theoretical ideas about activities in the framework of overcoming crisis situations by SMEs at the regional level. The practical significance of the study is expressed in the systematization of regional experience in supporting SMEs and the possibility of its use by other subjects of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":321343,"journal":{"name":"Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132784950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INNOVATION MANAGEMENT ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY","authors":"L. Kulakova, O. Popova, V. Matveev","doi":"10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-2-79-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-2-79-96","url":null,"abstract":"The innovative activity of entrepreneurial structures in Russia does not meet the requirements of the modern level of scientific and technological progress. One of the reasons for this appearance is an unfavorable economic climate, characterized by the underdevelopment of the institutional and infrastructure environment, market conditions and business conditions, the need for knowledge and technology from the business community, and the creativity of the pre-resiners. At the same time, for modern domestic entrepreneurship, the characters are weak with the main contingent of its stakeholders, which is why the consideration of the requirements and capabilities of the main part of potential partners is difficult. The proposed al-city development of the strategy and tactics of innovation in entrepreneurship will eliminate identified flaws. The subject is the socio-economic processes and relations that arise in the process of managing innovation in entrepreneurial activity. The direction of the study is the definition and methodological justification of the approach to the development of an innovation management policy in entrepreneurial activity in the context of an unfavorable innovative climate based on a stakeholder approach. The purpose of the study is to justify the influence of the innovative climate and accounting for the interests of the main stakeholders on innovative activity and innovative policy of entrepreneurial structures. Development of an algorithm for the formation of an innovative strategy and tactics of the company. In the process of research, general scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy, generalization) and special (monographic, statistical-economic, abstract-logical) methods of scientific knowledge were used. Based on the analysis of the innovative climate formed in the conditions of the formation of Industry 4.0, the need to take into account its key parameters in the development of strategy and tactics for managing innovation in entrepreneurial activity is substantiated. The influence of relationships with internal and external stakeholders on the activity and success of innovative processes in business structures has been clarified. The algorithm for developing a strategy and tactics for managing innovations in entrepreneurship has been developed and substantiated. Promising mechanisms for the activation of innovative activity in internal development are substantiated. The results of the study can be used by the legislative and executive state authorities, the academic community in the development of areas of improving the innovative climate, as well as business entities for the development and development of internal policy of innovation management.","PeriodicalId":321343,"journal":{"name":"Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122117571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}