Hospital Practices and Research最新文献

{"title":"Comparing the Efficacy of Amitriptyline and Melatonin on Tinnitus Treatment","authors":"A. Chitsaz, Bahareh Rajol Dezfouli, A. Rezaeian","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2022.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2022.23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tinnitus is described as the perception of sounds occurring in one or both ears or inside the human head without external auditory stimuli. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of amitriptyline and melatonin in the treatment of tinnitus. Methods: This study was a randomized double-blind clinical trial of 60 patients referred to the neurology clinics of Kashani and Al-Zahra hospitals in Isfahan, Iran in 2020. Each patient was randomly assigned 1 code. Patients first filled in the tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) and visual analogue scales (VAS) questionnaires and were given either one of the two drugs (melatonin and amitriptyline) for 6 weeks. After collecting the desired information using an independent t test and paired t test in SPSS 26 software and error level of 0.05 the results were analyzed. Results: Thirty patients were in the amitriptyline group and 30 patients were in the melatonin group, of which 25 were men (41.7%) and 35 were women (58.3%) with a minimum age of 18 years and a maximum of 65 years. There was no significant difference between the reduction of tinnitus before and after taking the drugs based on VAS scale in amitriptyline and melatonin groups (P=0.234), however there was a significant difference between the effect of two amitriptyline and melatonin drugs on the reduction of tinnitus based on the THI questionnaire (P=0.018). Conclusion: The rate of tinnitus in patients decreased for 6 weeks with the use of amitriptyline and melatonin, but amitriptyline had a better effect on reducing the complications and pain of tinnitus.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78991163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Nasal Septoplasty on the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Quasi-experimental Study","authors":"Manouchehr Avatef Fazeli, Arefeh Hedayati, Amrollah Dehghani, Mohamadreza Hedayati, Fatemeh Zaremehrjardi","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2022.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2022.21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sleep disorders of breathing encompass a spectrum of disorders ranging from primary snoring to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), which leads to septoplasty in the most patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of nasal septoplasty surgery on the severity of OSAS. Methods: The current quasi-experimental self-controlled study was conducted on adult patients with deviated nasal septum and were candidate for nasal septoplasty. Before surgery and two months after surgery, patients underwent respiratory polygraph. The parameters assessed included the airflow and oximetry indices. The severity of sleep apnea will be assessed based on the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI). Also, the severity of snoring was scored from zero to 10 based on the visual analog scale (VAS). The severity of daytime sleepiness was also determined using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Data were analyzed by using SPSS software. Results: There was a significant reduction in the mean score of ESS after the surgery (P<0.001), daytime fatigue (P=0.002), and daytime sleepiness (P<0.001). Also, breathing quality during sleep showed that the severity of apnea (P<0.001), snoring (P<0.001), as well as ESS (P<0001) were significantly improved. There were no significant changes in the means of oxygen saturation (P=0.14) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (P=0.06) after non-REM stage 1-2 (P=0.09), but following non-REM stage 3-4 significantly improved (P=0.03). Conclusion: The correction of nasal obstruction improved the general health of OSAS patients. These results further reflected that the corrective surgery could improve the patients’ emotional state and social performance, effectively upgrading their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73777274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Different Types of Craniosynostosis in Isfahan, Iran","authors":"A. Riazi, M. Allami, A. Arabi, M. Larry","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2022.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2022.22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Craniosynostosis is a congenital deformity of the skull that occurs at birth. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of different types of craniosynostosis in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: In this retrospective study, the records of all patients referred to the pediatric neurosurgery clinic of Imam Hossein children’s hospital in Isfahan, Iran from 2013 to 2018 were diagnosed with craniosynostosis. Incomplete files were excluded. Demographic information of patients and type of delivery, underlying diseases of their parents, diseases of maternal pregnancy, type of craniosynostosis, syndromic or non-syndromic craniosynostosis were collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results: The diagnosis of craniosynostosis in 63% of cases (n=121) was a single suture and in 37% of cases (n=72) was a complex suture. There was no significant difference in the frequency distribution of craniosynostosis in males and females (P>0.05). Conclusion: Due to the prevalence of 16 cases per 100,000, we can reduce the complications of this disease by educating doctors and parents.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87390397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blacks’ Diminished Salience of Age as a Determinant of Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Disease","authors":"S. Assari, B. Najand, A. Ayoubian","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2022.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2022.19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Age is a major determinant of chronic respiratory disease (CRD). This is important because CRD have a main role in shaping morbidity and mortality of individuals and populations. However, less research is done on whether age-related changes in development of CRD differ across diverse racial groups. Objectives: Using a conceptual model that considers race as a proxy of racism rather than genetics and attributing racial differences to sociological rather than biological differences, this study was conducted to explore racial differences in the effects of age on CRD. Based on Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs) framework, we expect diminished relevance of risk and resources for marginalized people due to racism, segregation, and social stratification. Methods: Using data from baseline population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) Adults data, we included 23761 adults. The independent variable was age treated as a categorical variable. The primary outcome was presence of any CRD including asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Sex and education were the covariates. Race, as a proxy of racism, was the moderator. To analyze the data, we used logistic regression mode with and without interaction term between age and race. Results: Higher age was associated with higher odds of CRD, while sex, and socioeconomic status (SES) was controlled. In line with the MDRs framework, the positive association between age and CRD was weaker for Black than White adults. Conclusion: Under racism, age loses some of its effect as a major determinant of CRD across racialized groups","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85796208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of the Patient Safety Officer in Promoting Hospital Patient Safety","authors":"M. Saberi Isfeedvajani","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2022.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2022.17","url":null,"abstract":"Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Patient safety as a basic principle of quality is dominant in the global health agenda and mentioned as an essential requirement to organize a qualified health care system.1 In hospitals, the Director or chief executive officer (CEO) has the main responsibility for patient safety in the whole hospital, although all clinical leaders are responsible for patient safety within their ward. To clarify responsibilities and support clinical leaders in their work with patient safety, a formal structure is necessary. This formal structure may include a director of patient safety and patient safety officers (PSOs) in each large clinical unit. Moreover, a patient safety committee must be established to reviews all serious events and takes initiatives to improve clinical practice. Unfortunately, the main cause of medical errors in most cases are due to system weakness and therefore the Director and other clinical leaders have responsibility as other clinical staffs when medical errors happen.2 Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) document, PSO is a qualified senior staff member with responsibility and accountability for patient safety. PSO has to develop a schedule of audits, risk management program in order to identify, assess and reduce any adverse events, medication errors and other patient safety subjects. Also, PSO develop reports on different safety and risk activities and disseminate them internally and externally. Furthermore, PSO measures outcome of care to assess performance, with a special focus on patient safety and finally acts on results of audits, measures and feedback by implementing patient safety improvement projects.1 Two major outcomes of world patient safety movement due to Institute of Medicine’s 1999 report on patient safety, To Err Is Human, were (1) new guidelines that focus on requirements for documenting compliance with patient safety data and (2) a new responsibility for health care organizations to establish a “safety culture” based on the “science” of safety.3,4 Thus, PSO is an emerging role to fulfill these responsibilities. PSOs as managers of hospital’s patient safety programs, have a broad portfolio of tasks and responsibilities. These tasks range from reviewing patient charts in order to gather and present data that show compliance with formal regulations to the socially engaged task of planning and implementing programs so as to show improvement on safety targets. Thus, PSOs tasks lead to quality improvement due to data surveillance and reporting. Also, PSO role was defined as establishing connections within and between departments in the hospital. Usually, Most PSOs are nurses and this background help them to conne","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72862084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Time Lag Between the Onset of Symptoms and Diagnosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis in Sulaymaniyah Province, Iraq","authors":"R. Merza, Lawen Jamal Mustafa","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, progressive, and disabling disease among rheumatological diseases. Objectives: Current study aimed to investigate the Time lag between the onset of symptoms and final diagnosis of AS, and also identify the factors that contribute to that delay in Sulaymaniyah province. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 104 (AS) patients who satisfied the modified New York 1984 criteria were enlisted. The time lag was defined as the diagnosis delay (DD) between the appearance of the first symptoms and the correct diagnosis of AS. Spearman correlation analysis was used to detect correlations between variables. Results: The higher percentage of variables with DD≥6 years were urban 32 (74.4%), housewife 15(34.9%), had no family history 42 (97.7%), with high diploma 33 (76.7%), and positive HLAB27 31 (72.1%), the first specialist consulted orthopedics 21(48.8%) then GP 6 (14.9). Moreover, the higher percentage of variables with DD<6 years were diagnosis years between 2000 to 2020, rural 55 (90.2), 39 (63.9%) respectively, higher education 47 (77%), employee and worker 22 (36.1%), positive family history 44 (72.1%), positive human leukocyte antigen (HLAB27-61) (100%), inflammatory back pain 47 (77%), rheumatologist 29 (47.5%). The average year’s DD is 6.48. A statistically significant positive correlation was detected between the DD and age, age at diagnosis but, a negative correlation was found between the DD time and, age at symptom onset. Conclusion: The Time lag between the onset of symptoms of AS and the final diagnosis in Sulaymaniyah was 6.48 years. (HLA-B27), age, age at diagnosis, education level, occupation, 1st specialist, 1st symptom at onset of disease and family history are the factors that affect delayed diagnosis in Sulaymaniyah patients with AS.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84843234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Concept Map in Nursing Education; Developing a Tool for Student Opinions","authors":"Saadet Lale Tarım, Yasemin Boy, Döndü Şanlıtürk","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2022.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2022.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To test the effectiveness of concept maps used in the education of nursing students in the field of health, we need to use measurement tools. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to develop \"Scale for the Effectiveness of Concept Maps in Nursing Education (SECMNE)\". Methods: This was a methodological instrument development study. This study was conducted in a university’s health of nursing department in Tokat, Turkey, between September and December 2019. The universe of this study, which used a methodological design, consisted of third and fourth-year nursing students, and the sample size was 174. The item pool was formed with 86 items. The content validity was assessed by 9 experts. The 86-item draft scale that had a 4-point Likert type scoring system. Content validity ratio (CVR), Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test, Bartlett test, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Cronbach’s alpha, and Pearson product-moment correlation analysis techniques were used for the validity and reliability analyses of the scale. Results: The scale consists of 3 subscales (integration of information, integration of the care plan, perception) and 30 items. Scale’s Cronbach alpha is 0.97. Conclusion: The scale developed in this study was concluded to be a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to measure the effectiveness of the concept maps in nursing education. The SECMNE can help nursing student identify the lack of knowledge and negative attitudes about concept map in nursing education and prepare nursing care plan.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84800887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-operative Mortality and Survival Rate in the Patients With Esophageal Carcinoma","authors":"H. Mohebbi, S. Heydari, Hamid Reza Majdi, Mehran Pouraqajani","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Esophageal cancer is the eighth-most common cancer and the sixth-most common cause of cancer death worldwide. In Iran, its prevalence is high. Surgery is recommended for tumors in early stages. Objectives: This study aims to determine demographic data, therapeutic approaches, postoperative mortality, and survival rate in patients with esophageal cancer who were managed in a referral hospital. Methods: In a cohort study, the patients hospitalized during six-year period were evaluated. Demographic data, tumor characteristics, laboratory data, surgical approaches, and survival time were obtained. Statistical analysis was performed using life tables, proportional hazard Cox regression, and the Kaplan-Meier method by SPSS version 20 software. Survival curves were compared by log-rank analysis. Results: Over six years, 92 patients were admitted of which 54 (58.7%) were male. The average age was 63.08±12.03 years. Ten patients (10.8%) were below 50 years old. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common type (85.8%). Fifty-three patients (57.6%) were selected for the surgery. Postoperative mortality in 30 days occurred in 7 patients (13.2%). The median survival rate was 12.8±2.92 months. The survival rate for one, three and five years were 51.94%, 24.67% and 19.48%, respectively. Two factors that had significant statistical correlation with median survival time were metastasis (P=0.01) and vomiting (P=0.003). Conclusion: Esophageal cancer is a poor prognostic disease and esophagectomy is a morbid operation. To reduce postoperative mortality and increase the survival time, better patient selection and operations by expert surgeons must be considered.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87053231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of Neurological Manifestations in Patients Referred to the Neurology Clinic of a Reference Military Hospital","authors":"Fakhri Allahyari, F. Abedi, M. Saberi Isfeedvajani, Seyed Javad Hosseininejad Anbaran, Esmat Davoudi-Monfared","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2022.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2022.09","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The field of neurology encompasses a wide range of disease types, and recognizing the most common manifestations of these diseases, particularly in subgroups, is critical for improving appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of common manifestations of neurological diseases in patients referred to a military hospital’s internal neurology clinic. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of patients referred to the internal neurology clinic of a reference military hospital, Tehran, Iran in 2020. The sampling was done at random using a checklist. Finally data was analyzed by using SPSS software. Results: Women made up the majority of patients in 336 samples 182 (54.2 %) versus 154 (45.8 %). The patients’ average age was 49.5±16.5 years, with 28.3 % (n=95) being elderly. The three most common complaints raised by patients were headache, movement disorder, and sensory disorder, accounting for 29.5%, 27.7%, and 27.7% of complaints, respectively. Seventeen patients (5.1%) also mentioned other issues, with anger, anxiety, depression, and nausea being the most common complaints. Conclusion: Headache, movement disorder, and sensory disorder are the most common neurological disorders referred to a military hospital. Because of the high prevalence of these issues, it is necessary to establish specialized clinics and conduct additional research to determine the most common types of sensory and movement disorders, as well as the most effective methods of prevention and treatment in medical centers.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86524246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Income May Better Protect White Than Black American Youth Against Suicidality","authors":"S. Assari, B. Najand, C. Caldwell, R. Mincy","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: High income is a protective factor against suicidality for children, youth, and adults, however, recent research has documented weaker health effects of high income for Black than White individuals, a pattern also called marginalization-related diminished returns (MDRs). Objectives: In this study, we tested racial variation in the association between high income and suicidality in a national sample of 9-10-year-old Black and White American children. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which included 7298 White or Black children between the ages of 9 and 10. Of all the participants, 5652 were White and 1646 were Black. The predictor variable was family income, treated as a continuous measure. Race was the moderator. The outcome variable was suicidality, treated as a dummy variable, reflecting any positive suicidal thoughts or behaviors endorsed over the lifecourse. Covariates included sex, age, family structure (parental marital status), parental education, trauma, history of depression, neighborhood poverty, and family conflict. Logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results: Overall, family income was inversely associated with children’s suicidality, net of all covariates. A statistically significant interaction was found between race and family income, suggesting that the inverse association between family income and suicidality is weaker in Black than White children. Conclusion: The observed weaker association between income and suicidality in Black than White children suggests that family income does not provide the same protection against suicidality for Black as White children. Due to racism, income and some other socioeconomic status indicators show weaker than expected health effects on Black families in the US.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81535039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}