{"title":"Characterization of capacitors for power circuit decoupling applications","authors":"G. Venkataramanan","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1998.730291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1998.730291","url":null,"abstract":"Increase in switching speeds of power semiconductors have resulted in the need for decoupling capacitors to be placed across the DC bus, intimate to the semiconductor module in power converter circuits. These capacitors prevent overvoltages across the power semiconductor devices during switching transients. Moreover, they also reduce the high frequency content of the current flowing through the power circuit interconnection, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference. Various types of capacitors typically used for these applications include: metallized polypropylene film; foil and metallized polypropylene film; multilayer film; multilayer ceramic; and metallized polycarbonate. The parasitic properties of these capacitors including their ESR and ESL play an important role in proper application. The objective of this paper is to present a detailed characterization of the application and comparison of the various capacitors for DC bus decoupling. Characterization methodology, simulation results and design guidelines are presented in the paper.","PeriodicalId":321042,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242)","volume":"294 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114386715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of a neuro-classifier/detector for Amtrak rail-road track operations","authors":"A. Rubaai, R. Kotaru, R.H. Branch, A. Hussein","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1998.729801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1998.729801","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a design for a neural network that can be used to detect and classify generic railroad operating conditions as abnormal, not reverse, normal and reverse. The proposed neural net would be of a learning vector quantization type, and would be trained online to capture the nonlinear mapping that transforms a specific location, time of the day, and direction of travel into a quantitative statement of whether or not an abnormal operating condition is possible at these inputs. Chosen as the test bed for this work is the Centralized Electrification and Traffic Control (CETC) system operated by Amtrak on the northeast corridor. Specifically, it is planned to develop and install a neural net based system and allow it to detect \"normal\" traffic patterns, switch settings and security conditions. To the best of the authors' knowledge no similar work is outstanding, planned or anticipated at this time.","PeriodicalId":321042,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121986153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mazen Abdel-Salam, S. Abdel-Sattar, A. Ibrahim, M. Niel
{"title":"Successive imaging technique for field distribution around conductors above a two-layer earth","authors":"Mazen Abdel-Salam, S. Abdel-Sattar, A. Ibrahim, M. Niel","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1998.729886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1998.729886","url":null,"abstract":"The present work aims at developing a method for assessing the electric field around a charged conductor positioned in air (of zero conductivity) at a given height above a two-layer earth. The method is based on the successive imaging technique. With the knowledge of the image charges, the electric field in air and earth are assessed. An electrolytic-tank model was constructed to simulate a line conductor above a two-layer earth. The measured electric fields agreed with those calculated for one and two-layer earth models.","PeriodicalId":321042,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117097172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characteristics of a doubly salient-pole homopolar machine in a constant-power speed range","authors":"N. Sugitani, A. Chiba, T. Fukao","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1998.732399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1998.732399","url":null,"abstract":"A doubly salient-pole homopolar machine has been proposed for high speed variable speed applications with a wide constant-power speed range. This machine is basically a permanent magnet synchronous machine that has permanent magnets between two stator cores aligned in a thrust axis. The machine has salient-poles in a stator similar to those in switched reluctance motors. A rotor is also very similar to the one in switched reluctance motors except a skew in 45 degrees. Thus, the rotor is very simple and mechanically robust. A control method of doubly salient-pole homopolar machines is made clear. A measurement of equivalent circuit parameters is also made clear. The experimental and calculated results in constant-power speed region of an optimized machine are shown in detail. It is found that 7 times of a constant-power speed range is realized with a power factor exceeding 0.9 in high speed region. A contribution of motor parameter variations is also shown.","PeriodicalId":321042,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128636908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discrete time direct torque control of induction motors using back-EMF measurement","authors":"J. Maes, J. Melkebeek","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1998.732335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1998.732335","url":null,"abstract":"The authors present a fixed switching frequency pulse width modulated (PWM) inverter based induction motor direct torque control. The proposed method controls motor torque and stator flux amplitude and is developed in discrete time to allow implementation on microcontrollers or digital signal processors (DSP). The proposed control requires knowledge of a small number of induction motor parameters, viz only stator resistance and leakage inductance. The discrete time direct torque control (DTDTC) requires voltage and current measurements to calculate the back-EMF. Using the DTDTC dead beat control of motor torque and stator flux amplitude is approximated. The control method is not limited to a specific PWM voltage inverter; triangular wave or space vector modulation can be used. The effect of calculation delay is studied and a modified control method is proposed to take into account this calculation delay. A method to take into account the inverter current and voltage limits is proposed. The authors demonstrate the validity of the proposed method using simulation and experimental results.","PeriodicalId":321042,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129739419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Po-tai Cheng, Subhashish Bhattacharya, D. M. Divan
{"title":"Experimental verification of dominant harmonic active filter (DHAF) for high power applications","authors":"Po-tai Cheng, Subhashish Bhattacharya, D. M. Divan","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1998.730326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1998.730326","url":null,"abstract":"A synchronous reference frame (SRF) based controller for a dominant harmonic active filter (DHAF) system has been proposed previously by the authors (1996, 1998). The SRF controller is designed to achieve harmonic isolation at the dominant harmonic frequencies (such as the 5/sup th/ or the 7/sup th/) between supply and load. Such design allows implementation of the DHAF system by square-wave inverters switching at the 5/sup th/ and 7/sup th/ harmonic frequencies. Compared to the conventional active filter systems which require high switching frequency PWM inverters for implementation, the square-wave inverter based DHAF system is more viable and cost-effective for high power nonlinear load (10 MW and above) or cluster of nonlinear loads to meet the IEEE 519 harmonic standard. In this paper, a new feedforward command of the SRF controller is proposed to provide better dynamic performance. If the resonance of source impedance and passive filter bank occurs near the dominant 5/sup th/ or 7/sup th/ harmonic frequency, the amplification effect at the harmonic frequencies will cause severe distortion in the supply current. The improved feedforward command of the SRF controller is able to suppress the resonance and meet the requirement of IEEE 519 harmonic standard. Experimental results are also presented in this paper to validate the effectiveness of the SRF controller and the square-wave inverter based DHAF system.","PeriodicalId":321042,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242)","volume":" 43","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113947828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of tuned harmonic filters and power factor correction capacitors on long-duration arcing fault current","authors":"N. Medora, A. Kusko","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1998.730298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1998.730298","url":null,"abstract":"Arcing fault current calculations typically use models and curves to estimate the ratio of arc current to bolted fault current. These conventional modeling techniques disregard external elements connected to the bus, such as connected loads, and storage elements such as power factor correction capacitors and tuned harmonic filters. Consequently, the calculated are current is significantly different from the actual value. Two methods are described here to calculate the magnitude of the long duration arcing fault current. The first method utilizes the per unit arcing current factors developed by Kaufmann and Page. The second method utilizes a computer model for the arc in a typical electric power system with power factor capacitors or tuned harmonic filters. The results are computed for two values of source impedance for four different test conditions. The magnitude of the arcing fault current computed using the Kaufmann and Page model agrees with the value from the computer model, for no load operating conditions establishing the accuracy of the model. The results of the computer model further show the impact of power factor capacitors and tuned harmonic filters on long duration arcing fault current.","PeriodicalId":321042,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126426773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrolytic or film capacitors?","authors":"M. Bramoulle","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1998.730290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1998.730290","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last eight years, significant improvements have been made in the field of polypropylene capacitors. Thinner films and more sophisticated metallization techniques have allowed the range of operating voltages to be lowered to some hundreds of volts. The upper voltage area of the electrolytic capacitors is now covered by the polymer film capacitors. This overlapping is examined through a comparison of the main electrical criteria.","PeriodicalId":321042,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242)","volume":"333 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115876023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zero voltage and zero current switched PWM DC-DC converters using active snubber technique","authors":"Julian Y Zhu, D. Ding","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1998.730350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1998.730350","url":null,"abstract":"A novel active snubber soft switched method is proposed to achieve zero-voltage and zero-current switching (ZV-ZCS) for PWM DC-DC power converters. The unique location of the snubber capacitor and inductor ensures low current stress and commutation losses in the auxiliary circuit. A boost converter adopting this technique is presented as an example, to illuminate its operation principles and derive the design procedures. Simulation and hardware implementation of a 350 W, 150 kHz boost converter have been made to validate the operation and the efficiency improvement compared to its hard-switching counterpart. Some other basic PWM DC-DC topologies applied with proposed snubber have also been given.","PeriodicalId":321042,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132409241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new harmonic reducing diode rectifier of capacitor input type for industrial high-voltage and high-power applications","authors":"Y. Nishida, M. Nakaoka","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1998.730310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1998.730310","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new harmonic reducing rectifier that consists of the double sequential (or series) 3-phase-bridge diode-rectifier of capacitor-input type and an auxiliary circuit to reduce harmonics involved in the input line-currents. Since the new rectifier does not require a self-turn-off device nor a controller, it results in a compact, reliable and efficient solution to obtain uncontrolled DC-voltage from the utility without harmonic pollution. Additionally, the new rectifier is suitable for high-voltage high-power applications due to the double-sequential topology. In this paper, the unique arrangement and particular operation of the auxiliary circuit are introduced. Then, experimental results are shown to confirm the validity of the theory.","PeriodicalId":321042,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127588466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}