Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics最新文献

{"title":"ECONOMETRICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL VALUATION: THE BAYESIAN INFERENCES ON WILLINGNESS TO PAY ESTIMATIONS","authors":"I. Ukpong","doi":"10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.03-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.03-09","url":null,"abstract":"This study applied the Bayesian approach to estimate people’s willingness to pay (WTP) for mitigation of environmental hazards in oil producing areas in Nigeria. The Bayesian approach enabled estimation of the mixed logit model employing the normal and log-normal distributions of WTP parameters. The model estimate indicating a negative WTP values for the status quo (STAQUO) attribute suggests that people in oil producing areas in Nigeria do not like the current welfare situation and environmental condition which are characterised by environmental problems, affecting adequate use of resources and ecosystem services. The results also show a comparatively higher WTP for food safety (FOODSAF), poverty rate (POVERTY) and unemployment rate (UNEMP) respectively, suggesting people’s desire for mitigation of undesirable livelihood (welfare) impacts of resource exploitation. On the other hand, the results also indicate positive WTP coefficients for land and water pollution from oil spills (SPILL), gas flaring (GFLARE) and land occupied by oil and gas pipelines (LOCC), suggesting that majority of the people are in support of mitigation strategies or policy change that would ensure significant reduction in environmental pollution, gas flaring, and land-take by oil and gas companies. Oil and gas companies are encouraged to ensure mitigation of environmental and livelihood impacts of the crude oil and gas extraction, including reduction in gas flaring, based on environmental laws and global best drilling practices. The study further recommends application of the willingness to pay approach as an important strategy for assessing the values of environmental resources and the impact of resource use.","PeriodicalId":320413,"journal":{"name":"Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131693579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DETERMINANTS OF SMALLHOLDER FRUIT COMMERCIALIZATION: EVIDENCE FROM SOUTHWEST ETHIOPIA","authors":"Guta Regasa, Rijalu Negash, Adugna Eneyew, Diriba Bane","doi":"10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.96-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.96-105","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to identify determinants of smallholder fruit commercialization in southwest Ethiopia. To get the sampled respondents multi-stage sampling techniques were used and in view of that, three districts were selected purposively from Jimma zone by selecting eight kebeles randomly. At the end, total of 240 sample households were randomly selected from these kebeles. To answer the research questions and objective of the study both qualitative and quantitative data were collected from primary and secondary sources. The primary data were collected from fruit producers as sampled households, agricultural experts, local leaders and other subject matter specialists on various aspects of commercializing fruits. Primary data were collected from the respondents using a pre-testing questionnaires, structured interview schedule and closed and open-ended questionnaires by well-trained enumerators closely supervised by the researchers. Secondary data were previous research findings and reports collected from kebeles, districts, agricultural offices, ministry of trade, trade and revenue offices. Moreover, qualitative data were collected through discussions with different agents by using focus group discussion and key informant interviews. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, average mean, standard deviation, chi square and t-test) and econometric model (Probit model) to analyse determinant factors affecting smallholder’s participation decision in marketing of fruits. From the result, age of household heads, household family size, access to transport services, off-farm activities, access to extension services, distance to market, improved fruit seeds and perishability of fruit were significantly affecting smallholder farmer’s participation decision in commercialization of fruits. Therefore, to overcome the investigated problems strong commitment and reformation should be done by stakeholders including farmers, extension agents, researchers, policy makers.","PeriodicalId":320413,"journal":{"name":"Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121659595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INCOME IMPACT OF PASTORALIST WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN ALOE VERA SOAP PRODUCTION IN SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA","authors":"Dida Golicha Nura","doi":"10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.33-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.33-45","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":320413,"journal":{"name":"Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124629701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LAND DEALS AND SMALL-SCALE INTENSIVE FARMING DECISIONS","authors":"Prince Nketiah, Michael Ayamga, F. Mabe","doi":"10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.18-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.18-25","url":null,"abstract":"The upsurge of land deals in Northern Ghana is a concern to many stakeholders. In order to reduce the effects of land deals on livelihoods, farmers resort to adopting semi-intensive, intensive or low intensive farming systems. Using a multinomial logit model, this study assessed how land deals influence the decision of a farm household to choose any of the farming regimes. Factors that influence farmers’ decision to choose intensive as against semi-intensive methods of farming are farm size, awareness of land grabbing, intension of cultivating part of grabbed land, number of adults, household expenditure, location, remittances and land grabbed investment type. On the other hand, households’ engagement in low intensive as compared to semi-intensive methods of farming are influenced by age, fallowing period, education, remittances, and household expenditure. Land deals must be accompanied by efforts to diversify livelihoods of smallholder farmers away from land-based systems. This would require skills training for rural peasant farmers to enable them take up emerging livelihood opportunities. In order to safeguard the interests and livelihood of rural peasants, agricultural investment programmes must make community-investor partnership a key condition for gaining access to government and donor incentives.","PeriodicalId":320413,"journal":{"name":"Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124765357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FOOD PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION IN THE HIGHLANDS OF ETHIOPIA: THE MISSING LINK IN FOOD SYSTEMS","authors":"W. Mekuria, Kindu Mekonnen, Taye Melese","doi":"10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.71-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.71-80","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempted the nexus of food production and consumption, and determinants of food consumption in Gudo Beret watershed, central highlands of Ethiopia. The study used cross-sectional data collected from 211 randomly selected households through interview. Descriptive statistics and linear regression were the key analytical techniques. Results revealed that households produced a gross yield of 1.5 ton and a net food supply of 1.1 ton per household which was equivalent to 274 kg of grain per adult per annum. The average food demand per capita was 323.8 kg per adult. It implies food production was inadequate for food consumption. Sex of household head being male, livestock holding, inorganic fertilizer, total land size, and market distance affected household food consumption positively whereas household size had negative impacts on household food energy. One of the current themes of the food systems is balancing food production and consumption. The government of Ethiopia should deliberate population policy with the intention that the rising population need to have adequate subsistence. In addition, women empowerment can enable them access to and control over food resources.","PeriodicalId":320413,"journal":{"name":"Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129722394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DETERMINANTS OF TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF COTTON FARMERS IN TOGO","authors":"Essossinam Ali","doi":"10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.88-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.88-95","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":320413,"journal":{"name":"Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128448186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMPACT OF SUPPORT POLICIES ON TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF FARMS IN KOSOVO","authors":"A. Alishani","doi":"10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.46-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.46-54","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of support policies on technical efficiency are not clear and are very complex because the results may be either positive or negative. The effects can be positive if the money received will serve as an incentive to innovate or to switch to new technologies or can have a negative effect if the money received increase the income of the farms and as a result prefer to have more leisure time. Given the theoretical uncertainty of the impact of supporting policies on efficiency, productivity and added value, the aim of this paper is to address this issue empirically. This paper contributes to the literature for the case of Kosovo by fulfilling the following objectives (i) to measure technical efficiency of farms in Kosovo and (ii) to identify the effect of subsidies by employing a stochastic output distance function and an inefficiency effect model as the one proposed by Battese and Coelli (1995). Parametric stochastic frontier approach was employed to estimate technical efficiency and to determine the effect of exogenous variables on technical efficiency through one-step approach. The share of total subsidies to total output (%) was used as proxy for policy variable and a set of farm characteristics as exogenous variables. We used FADN of Kosovo data provided by MAFRED for 2014. The results suggest that on average a farm in Kosovo produced 15.7% of the maximum output, while the rest of the potential output was lost due to technical inefficiency. Subsidies had negative effect on technical efficiency, however insignificant.","PeriodicalId":320413,"journal":{"name":"Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131936679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION ON FARMS PERFORMANCE IN ALGERIA: A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER PRODUCTION FUNCTION APPROACH","authors":"Amine Oulmane, Amine M. Benmehala","doi":"10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.81-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.81-87","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of water-saving technologies (WST) through an investigation of its effect at the farm level. Indeed, the study attempts to estimate the economic value of WST use in Algerian farming, through the comparison of some farm performance indicators between WST adopters, drip irrigation system as a WST, and farmers practicing gravity irrigation as a traditional system. A cross-section data from a survey is conducted in an irrigated perimeter situated in the north-eastern Algeria (Jijel region) encompassing 106 small horticultural farms (including 60 pepper producers and 46 tomato producers). First, the study compares some performance indicators between the two groups of farms. Second, a stochastic production frontier model is used to estimate the productivity gain generated by the WST adoption. Main results show that water consumption, gross margin, and water productivity are statistically significant between the two groups of farms. The average water productivity differential between WST users and non-users is 29% and 25% for tomato and pepper, respectively. The regression model has shown that increasing the WST use by 1% help to increase water productivity of the region by 0.20% for pepper production and 0.11% for tomato production. The findings of this study confirm the hypothesis that WST economize on water quantity, positively affects crop yield and can enhance water productivity.","PeriodicalId":320413,"journal":{"name":"Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131222475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DOES FARMER GROUP MEMBERSHIP ENHANCE TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION? EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM TOLON DISTRICT OF GHANA","authors":"Harajatu Ahmed","doi":"10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.26-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.26-32","url":null,"abstract":"The low adoption of improved technologies by farmers has been identified as one of the major factors affecting agricultural production and food security in many developing countries including Ghana. Farmer-based organizations have been identified as important channels for information and technology dissemination to farmers. The effect of these groups on farmers’ adoption decisions has important implications for agricultural production and food security in many developing countries. This study therefore sought to examine the effect of farmer group membership on improved variety adoption by smallholder maize farmers in the Tolon District of Ghana using cross-sectional data from a sample of 160 farmers. A recursive bivariate probit (RBP) model was used to estimate the effect of group membership on adoption. The results indicate that membership in farmer groups is associated with lower adoption of improved maize varieties, which is contrary to generally held view that farmer groups promote adoption by farmers. Adoption is higher for the married and farmers with access to agricultural extension but decreases with size of herd size and cultivated land. The results underscore challenges confronting farmer-based organizations such as increasing politicization, decreasing effectiveness, and lack of support from both public and private institutions. Incentivizing farmer groups, including the apex body responsible for supervision of these groups will enhance effectiveness of farmer groups.","PeriodicalId":320413,"journal":{"name":"Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130732260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TECHNICAL, ALLOCATIVE AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCIES OF SMALL-SCALE SESAME FARMERS: THE CASE OF WEST GONDAR ZONE, ETHIOPIA","authors":"Adugna Gela","doi":"10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.10-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/raae.2019.22.02.10-17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":320413,"journal":{"name":"Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129151321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}