Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture最新文献

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF INCENTIVE TAXATION MECHANISMS OF BUSINESS ENTITIES IN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY","authors":"O. Nepochatenko, P. Bechko, S. Vlasiuk, O. Ponomarenko, Y. Nahorna","doi":"10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-2-132-143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-2-132-143","url":null,"abstract":"In the contemporary world, the agricultural industry faces a system call, which priority is to resolve the problem of a new high-quality model of development with the use of state financial support, which main tool is tax incentives based on a differentiated approach depending on the specific amounts of direct state financial support that is received by each business entity. The contemporary nature of development mechanism for incentive taxation of economic entities in agricultural sector of the economy is under constant review of both theorists and practitioners who study the taxation problems of farmers. However, solution to this issue for national farmers in current situation has not yet been completely researched; they require further study, using both foreign and native experience in order to implement it in national tax system. To justify the theoretical aspects of the development prospects of tax incentive mechanisms, best practices have been used, developed by both international and native practice of the tax system and scientific progress of foreign and native scientists who researched the development of tax incentive mechanisms for business entities in agricultural sector of the economy. It was proved that in order to improve taxation and tax incentives for farmers, it becomes necessary to clarify the criteria for classifying business entities in the industry as agricultural manufacturers. Unreasonably, economic entities that process agricultural products are not included in the Tax Code. Considering this, within years, the number of imported agricultural products, including livestock products, has been increasing. The result was a new author’s approach to dealing with the development prospects of tax incentives mechanism for business entities in the agricultural sector of the economy. So, at the legislative level, it is necessary to make amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine on taxation of agrarians with a single tax (fourth group), depending on their specialization, by providing preferences to agricultural producers for the production of livestock products and their processing.","PeriodicalId":320089,"journal":{"name":"Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132800299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clogging of crops and productivity of 5-field crop rotation against the background of different intensity of the main cultivation of chernozem soil","authors":"V. E. Yeshenko, G. Koval","doi":"10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-1-37-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-1-37-47","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. Crop rotations of modern field agriculture should be developed according to the principle of classical fruit change, which is an important factor in the high productivity of individual crops on different agro-backgrounds, which can be different ways of the depth of the main tillage. Verification of the latter was the main task of our research. Conditions and methodology. Field studies were carried out in a stationary experiment on podzolized chernozem with a 5-field crop rotation with such an alternation of spring crops: soybeans – rapeseed – wheat – oil flax – barley. The experiment compared the effect of plowing and flat-cut loosening at 15–17, 20–22 and 25–27 cm on the weediness of crops, crop yield and the productivity of crop rotation in terms of the yield of feed units and assimilated protein. Research results. It has been established that a significant part of weed seeds after flat-cutting loosening is concentrated in a layer of 0–10 cm, from where, under favorable moisture conditions, it can germinate with the formation of seedlings, which can bloom before cold weather and replenish the stock of weed seeds in the soil. During moldboard plowing, weed seeds are evenly distributed over the entire arable layer, as a result of which it can be half as much in the 0-10 cm layer as after non-moldboard plowing. Therefore, the actual weediness of crops cultivated in crop rotation has always been higher after flat-cutting loosening: soybeans – by 22.1 %, rapeseed – by 72.6 %, and wheat, oil flax and barley – 15.0, respectively; 20.4 and 20.3%. On average for the crop rotation, this increase averaged 25.2 % over three years. A decrease in the depth of cultivation also caused contamination of crops, and its deepening as a whole in the crop rotation had a positive effect on the cleanliness of crops from weeds. The level of weediness of crops of cultivated crops at the beginning of the growing season should be considered a determining factor in the formation of the productivity of these crops due to the presence of a strong and very strong correlation between these indicators. Wheat was the most productive in terms of the yield of feed units, and soy was the most productive in terms of the yield of digestible protein. This applied to both methods or techniques of the main processing, and individual crops against the background of plowing had an advantage in both productivity indicators over flat-cut loosening. The productivity of crops and crop rotation was higher against the background of deep cultivation compared to medium and shallow cultivation. Conclusions. The use of flat-cut loosening instead of moldboard plowing, as well as a decrease in the depth of both methods of processing, is accompanied by a significant increase in the contamination of crops. As well as a decrease in the yield of the main products and a noticeable decrease in the productivity of a 5-field crop rotation in terms of the yield of feed units and ass","PeriodicalId":320089,"journal":{"name":"Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131224124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological principles of verification of the concept of \"competition\": microeconomic aspect","authors":"A. Burliai, O. Burliai, А. Revutska, O. Ivanenko","doi":"10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-2-18-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-2-18-28","url":null,"abstract":"Competition and competitiveness issues are extremely topical at the present stage. However, the role of price and non-price competition in enterprises has not been sufficiently studied and requires a more detailed study, which was the purpose of the article. It has been established that the first theories of competition were formulated at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries and since then have been constantly undergoing various modifications. Given the evolution of the concept of \"competition\", it can be defined as a set of activities carried out by market participants to achieve their goals and consist in the integration of various instruments of competition - the provision of additional services by joining the offer of related services; formation of attractive prices by differentiating the forms and terms of payment; improving the forms and channels of product sales, customer service, improving communication through prompt and reliable information. The importance of dividing competition into price and non-price competition has been proven. Price competition. This is a kind of struggle with competitors by reducing the price of goods. Non-price competition offers more progressive and modern methods. These include isolating their products from similar competitors' products, introducing special features, expanding the range of products, improving quality, increasing advertising and warranty costs. Non-price competition allows you to focus on progress and drive sales without price fluctuations. Non-price competition indicates a higher level of quality of interactions in the market. The main advantages and disadvantages of non-price competition are determined. Thus, we can conclude that competition is an integral part of the market. The concept of competition has changed with the development of society, various economic trends and schools have contributed to this concept. From the point of view of microeconomics, it is important to divide competition into price and non-price, the use of which contributes to the increase in the efficiency of entrepreneurial activity.","PeriodicalId":320089,"journal":{"name":"Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125138400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomorphological features of floribunda roses leaves and their importance for ornamental gardening","authors":"A. A. Brovdi, V. Polishchuk","doi":"10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-1-117-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-1-117-124","url":null,"abstract":"The results of morphometric analysis of the leaves in floribunda roses varieties, such as Pomponella, Lovely Green, Carmagnola, Arthur Bell, Lilli Marleen, Westpoint, Minerva, Novalis, Goldelse, Rotkappchen, Friesia, Lavaglut, Iceberg, Santa Monika, Mathias, Bella Rosa, Cream Abundance, Hans Gonewein, Let's Celebrate and Gebruder Grimm, which have different origins and differ significantly in morphological and decorative characteristics are presented. The studies were conducted during 2018–2021 on the experimental plots of the Department of Landscape Gardening of Uman National University of Horticulture according to the generally accepted method. The description of the morphological traits of the varieties was carried out by the method of visual assessment using measurements and calculations. As a result of the research, it was found that the studied genotypes significantly differ in the biometric parameters of the compound leaf, features of the surface of leaf blades, their shape and size. The highest leaf blades areas were noted in the varieties Novalis 15.1 сm2, Rotkappchen 12.0 cm2 and Pomponella 11.8 cm2. The lowest biometric traits of the leaf were recorded in the varieties Santa Monika, whose compound leaf length is 9.2 cm, Mathias 9.1 cm, Bella Rosa 10.8 cm and Cream Abundance 9.8 cm. The size of the leaf, its shape, color and gloss, are important for the overall impression of the planting object and determine the decorative value of the respective variety. Of all the varieties, Westpoint, Rotkappchen, Hans Gonewein, and Gebruder Grimm have the glossiest leaves. The bright shine together with dark green color of the leaves of these varieties make their bushes more expressive and bright and, therefore, more attractive for use in ornamental gardening. The results of the study are of practical importance, since they make it possible to select varieties that are valuable for ornamental gardening, not only in decorativeness of the flower, but also in the characteristics of their leaf appearance.","PeriodicalId":320089,"journal":{"name":"Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122028314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the tax system of Ukraine on the functioning of local finance","authors":"L. Barabash, A. Rolinsky","doi":"10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-2-309-318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-2-309-318","url":null,"abstract":"The functioning of the tax system of Ukraine is carried out simultaneously at two levels – state and local. It is on the second that taxes are regarded as a powerful and stable source of financial resources for the local finance system. However, a significant drawback is that the proceeds of funds are carried out mainly from the functioning of the folding national taxes. Such distribution of taxes does not contribute to strengthening the financial independence of local finances. In the system of local finance in Ukraine, the dominant position is occupied by local budgets. It is in them that resources are concentrated in the form of tax and non-tax revenues, income from capital transactions and intergovernmental transfers. The opposite are expense items, for the financing of which the income is collected. And, as the study showed, in 2019–2021, the available revenues could not cover the costs. As a consequence of the above, during the study period, a high proportion was observed relative to interbudgetary transfers, which confirms the high level of dependence of local finances on the resources of the highest level budgets. At the same time, a study of the coverage of the expenditure side by collected taxes, which go to local budgets, showed a slight, but persistent trend of their growth. In particular, taxes on income, profits and an increase in market value increased 24.8 % of the share – from 31 % in 2019 to 55.8 % in 2021 (10 months), and local taxes – only 9 % (from 12.5 in 2019 to 21.5 % in 2021). At the same time, in 2016–2020, the share of personal income tax increased by 3.4 %, and income tax – decreased by 1.5 %. A significant positive point was that part of the excise tax – on the sale of excisable goods by retail entities – was 100 % attributed to local budgets. But resource taxes and payments have recently shown gravitation in the state budget. The instability of tax revenues complicates the process of budget planning, and also reduces the level of financial independence of local finances, which requires the improvement of the system of its financial support.","PeriodicalId":320089,"journal":{"name":"Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131249954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transgressive variability in the number of ears of the main spike in F2 populations when crossing soft winter wheat varieties of different early maturity.","authors":"H. Ustinova","doi":"10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-1-189-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-1-189-206","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Determination of the degree and frequency of positive transgressions by the number of ears of the main spike in F2 populations created by crossing varieties of soft winter wheat of different maturity depending on the hydrothermal conditions of the year and selection of economically valuable biotypes for subsequent breeding work. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. In the majority of F2 populations, created by hybridization of soft winter wheat varieties of different vegetation periods, a significant form-making process took place in terms of the number of spikelets in the main spike. The experimental data obtained indicate a significant effect of matched pairs before hybridization and hydrothermal conditions of the year on the manifestation and formation of the number of spikelet’s in an ear F2. So, under the conditions of 2019, the majority of F2 populations for the number of spikelet’s in the main spike (17.4–21.5 pcs.) Significantly exceeded the parental forms. A positive degree (Td = 5.3–33.3 %) and the frequency of transgression (Tf = 3.3–96.7 %) were found in 85.7 % of the populations. In 2020, the average population number of spikelets in the main spike (15.0–18.6 pcs.) Was significantly less. When used in hybridization of early maturing varieties by the parent form, the decrease in the number of spikelets was 0.5–19.9 %. At the same time, for crossing mid-early, mid-ripening and mid-late varieties, the number of spikelets decreased by 2.8–28.9 %. Thus, it can be argued that populations in which early maturing varieties were the maternal form are less exposed to unfavorable conditions of the year. A positive degree (Td = 5.3–38.9 %) and the frequency of recombinants (Tf = 3.3–46.7 %), under the conditions of 2020, was established in 35 out of 42 F2 populations, which amounted to 83.3 %. Conclusions. The use of winter wheat varieties of different early maturity in hybridization in most cases contributes to the formation of F2 in populations and the selection of positive transgressive biotypes by the number of spikelets in the main spike. Conducted studies have established a significant effect of the parental forms used in hybridization and the hydrothermal conditions of the year on the formation of the number of spikelets in the main spike in F2 populations of soft winter wheat. Populations where the early maturing varieties were the maternal form are characterized by a more stable manifestation of the number of spikelets in the main spike. The decrease in the number of spikelets in 2020 compared to 2019 was 0.5–19.9 % for 2.8–28.9 % in populations obtained by hybridization of mid-early, mid-ripening and mid-late varieties. In years with contrasting hydrothermal conditions, hybrid populations F2 were identified, which formed more than the average F2 number of spikelets in the main spike and had high rates of the degree and frequency of positive transgressions, namely: Mironovskaya early / Kolchuga; Kolchu","PeriodicalId":320089,"journal":{"name":"Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129050996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing photosynthetic productivity of crops as affected by water content in their leaves under mycorrhization of the root system","authors":"S. Dymytrov, V. Sabluk, S. Tanchyk","doi":"10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-1-58-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-1-58-67","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To investigate the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) and bacterial preparations on the leaf water content and photosynthetic productivity of agricultural crops (winter wheat, corn, sunflower and soybean) under mycorrhization of their roots. Methods. Field, laboratory, and statistical. Results. The results of studies on determining the effect of pre-sowing treatment of seeds of such agricultural crops as soft winter wheat, common corn, annual sunflower and soybean culturally vesucular-arboscular drugs Mikovital (mushroom Tuber melanosporum VITTAD.) Micofrend (mushroom Trichoderma harzianum. (bacteria Bacillus subtilis Cohn.) on the water content of leaves and the productivity of photosynthesis of plants by mycorrhization of their root system. It was found that the implementation of this measure provides a steady increase in the water content of leaves and the productivity of photosynthesis of agricultural crops. In particular, the water content of leaves of soft winter wheat plants, common corn, annual sunflower and cultivated soybeans for the use of the preparations Mikovital, Mikofrend and Florobatsilin was 1.6–77.3 % more than in the control. According to the indicators of the water content of the leaves, the productivity of photosynthesis of crops increased by 8.3–57.1 % in comparison with the control, which indicates a significant effect of this factor on the growth and development of plants. Conclusions. Pre-sowing seed treatment with vesicular-arbuscular products Mikovital, Mycofrend, and bacterial product Florabacillin promotes a steady increase in the leaf water content and photosynthetic productivity in winter bread wheat, maize, annual sunflower, and soybean.","PeriodicalId":320089,"journal":{"name":"Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121354074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of the investment market in Ukraine","authors":"О. Prokopchuk, M. Malyovanyi, Y. Tsymbalyuk","doi":"10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-2-182-194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-2-182-194","url":null,"abstract":"A necessary condition for the development of the economy is an increase in the investment activity of investors in the country, an increase in investment resources and their effective use. Therefore, the study of trends in the development of the investment market is relevant and of great practical importance. Specifically, investments form production potential on the latest scientific and technical basis and determine the competitive positions of states in world markets. The study of the formation of the investment market in Ukraine made it possible to form the following conclusions:  the total volume of foreign direct investment in Ukraine in 2020 amounted to $ 453 million. USA, which is 14 times less than in 2010;  the study of the geographical structure of foreign investment made it possible to determine that in 2020, 453 million dollars were invested in the Ukrainian economy by direct foreign investors from more than 76 countries of the world. US direct investment It should be noted that the main investing countries include Cyprus – 31.1 %, the Netherlands – 20.2 %, the UK – 6.1 %, Switzerland – 6.0 %, Germany – 4.6 %, Austria – 3.3 %;  analysis of the distribution of foreign direct investment in the context of sectors of the economy in Ukraine made it possible to note that the greatest interest among foreign investors in 2020 was aroused by industry - 180.35 million dollars. USA, that is, 39.8 %. The leading spheres of economic activity in terms of the development of direct investments in 2020 remain: wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles – 106.9 million dollars. The United States, accounting for 23.6 %; financial and insurance activities – $ 96.9 million, which is 21.4 %. Thus, Ukraine remains attractive for investments and is not aloof from world processes, is sufficiently integrated into the world economy and the violation of macrostability in foreign markets has its echo in Ukraine. Thus, the investment market is a rather complex phenomenon, with its own internal structural structure, which is sensitive to changes in the external environment. At the present stage, its construction is represented by the classification of structural and infrastructural elements, as well as by supervisory and control bodies, ensuring its functioning thanks to market mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":320089,"journal":{"name":"Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116391210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investor behavior patterns in the financial market","authors":"O. Varchenko, I. Artimonova, K. Tkachenko, O. Varchenko","doi":"10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-2-337-352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-2-337-352","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarizes the approaches to the formation of the model of investor behavior and identifies the cause and effect relationships between the actions of individual financial market players, highlights their sustainable priorities and irrational components of behavior, as well as market conditions and experience. It is argued that in unstable conditions the behavior and opinion of individual investors is transformed into collective behavior and market sentiment on the basis of which stable advantages of investors are formed: macroeconomic status, market maturity, political and social structure, values, quality of life, human capital. The characteristics of the investor behavior model that take into account both sustainable priorities and the irrational component are presented, and a detailed classification of investor behavior models is proposed. The Asian, Islamic, Latin American and post-Soviet models are singled out and characterized, the similarities and differences between them are highlighted. It is proposed to understand the model of investor behavior as sustainable benefits (risk, expected levels of return, liquidity, propensity to invest in certain financial instruments) and the consequent consistent actions of market players, as well as a set of factors that explain it, including expectations moment of time. It is substantiated that the behavior of investors is also explained by the irrational component (anomalies, stress response, etc.). It is proved that emerging markets are more volatile than developed ones, are in a state of instability and a significant manifestation of the irrational component, which must be taken into account when assessing their behavioral characteristics. The Asian, Islamic, Latin American and post-Soviet models are singled out and characterized, the similarities and differences between them are highlighted. It is established that the Latin American and post-Soviet models of investor behavior are similar in the following characteristics: low risk tolerance, high income orientation, prominent role of the banking system, concentration of property, behavioral anomalies, manipulation and corruption, high collectivism.","PeriodicalId":320089,"journal":{"name":"Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132965129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productivity indicators and correlations between them in spring barley cultivars of Uman National University of Horticulture","authors":"Zh. M. Novak","doi":"10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-1-125-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-99-1-125-134","url":null,"abstract":"The study of crop formation processes by constituent elements revealed the dependence of the parameters of the number of grains in the ear and the weight of barley grain at the same level of grain yield on the number of productive stems per unit area. It is established that the increase in the number of productive shoots per 1 m2 is accompanied by a significant decrease in the productivity potential of the ear in terms of the number of grains and the parameters of the mass of one grain. The correlation dependence of these yield elements on the stem density of barley is strong. In the studies of 2018–2021, the number of productive stems, plant height, productivity of one ear and weight of 1000 grains of spring barley varieties Daniele, Gezine, Beatrix, Soldo, 5/18, Fabiola, Sangria, Utah, 9/19, Mompi 19, Lyuba and Champush. Correlation holidays between these indicators were also established. The number of productive stems of spring barley varieties on average for 2018–2021 amounted to 0.87–1.39 pieces/1 plant. The average biotype ranged from 0.89 in 2018 to 1.47 in 2021. There was a medium and strong variation in the number of productive stems depending on genotypes. In most collection specimens, the rate varied greatly depending on growing conditions. Collectible samples 5/18 is a semi-dwarf, other biotypes are dwarfs. The highest plants were in 2020. The plant height of most cultivars varied slightly over the years of research. The average productivity of one ear of the analyzed collection samples was 0.63–1.17 g. The lowest indicators were noted in 2018, the highest – in 2020. The average weight of 1000 grains was 45.2–53.5 g with the highest indicator in 2021 g. The correlation between plant height and ear weight per ear was positive medium and close; between the number of productive stems and plant height – positive average, weak and negative average; between the number of productive stems and the mass of grain from the ear – a weak positive and negative correlation; between the number of productive stems and the mass of 1000 grains – the average positive and weak negative; between the height of the plants and the mass of 1000 grains and between the mass of grains from the ear and the mass of 1000 grains – from the average positive to the average negative.","PeriodicalId":320089,"journal":{"name":"Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129889321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}