ORG: Evaluation of Strategic Outcomes (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Market Competition and Effectiveness of Performance Pay: Evidence from the Field","authors":"Pooyan Khashabi, Matthias Heinz, N. Zubanov, T. Kretschmer, G. Friebel","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3065607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3065607","url":null,"abstract":"It is well-established that the effectiveness of pay-for-performance (PfP) schemes depends on employee- and organization-specific factors. However, less is known about the role of external forces. Investigating the role of market competition on the effectiveness of PfP, we theorize that there are two counteracting effects – business stealing and competitor response – that jointly generate an inverted U-shape relationship between PfP effectiveness and competition. Weak competition discourages effort response to PfP because there is little extra market to gain, while strong competition creates low incentives because competitors are more likely to respond. PfP hence has the strongest effect under moderate competition. Field data from a bakery chain and its competitive environment confirm our theory, allow us to empirically separate the business stealing and competitor response effects, and refute alternative explanations.","PeriodicalId":318785,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Evaluation of Strategic Outcomes (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121374589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Разработка Концепции Междисциплинарной Исследовательской Программы Формирования Комплексной Методологии и Методик Управления Развитием в Сфере Государственного Управления (Development of a Concept of an Interdisciplinary Research Program of Formation of Complex Methodologies and Techniques of Manage","authors":"V. Yuzhakov, Y. Startsev","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2608472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2608472","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: Работа посвящена методологическому анализу современных исследований, претензий и опыта в сфере управления развитием. Проанализированы различные подходы к проблеме, оценены возможности и ограничения управления развитием как универсального механизма управленческой деятельности. Представлена авторская концепция междисциплинарной исследовательской программы формирования комплексной методологии и методик, инструментов управления развитием в сфере государственного управления.English Abstract: The research paper is bearing on the methodological analysis of the actual research, attempts and conceptualisations about managing development in different areas, including economic and territorial development, organisational development etc. Authors compare interdisciplinary approaches to the manageability of the development, discussing possibilities and limits of such activities. The paper presents new approach to building an interdisciplinary research program for constructing methods of the development management in public policy.","PeriodicalId":318785,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Evaluation of Strategic Outcomes (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115336370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward Educational Testing Reform: Inside Reading Achievement Tests","authors":"Dick Schutz","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1992718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1992718","url":null,"abstract":"The commentary (1) uses the U. S. National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) as a prototype for examining standardized reading achievement tests at the item level, and (2) sketches an alternative based on an initiative underway in the United Kingdom.","PeriodicalId":318785,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Evaluation of Strategic Outcomes (Topic)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121060588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of the Effectiveness of the State Tax Administration in India with Particular Reference to the Value-Added Tax","authors":"Arindam Das-Gupta, F. Andrade","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2195540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2195540","url":null,"abstract":"This study reviews the effectiveness of state level tax administrations in India with reference to their implementation of a goods only Value-Added Tax (VAT), mostly in 2005. The study takes advantage of state by state audits evaluating the transition to the VAT from the predecessor sales tax carried out by India's supreme audit institution, the Office of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG). The average performance of the state tax administrations is poor when compared with performance evidence from other countries. The CAG audits examine different administrative activities, grouped into 12 areas here, and document a variety of lapses, from poorly drafted VAT laws, to incomplete automation, to lax tax assessment and a reluctance to levy penalties for detected non-compliance. Case studies of non-compliance, reported in Boxes in the paper, paint a clear picture of how inept some of these tax administrations are. The study finds evidence that weak tax administration and it consequence, widespread tax non-compliance, had a statistically measurable impact on tax performance. Since India plans to move shortly from the existing tax regime to a Goods and Services Tax, this study underlines the high risk to the proposed reform from weak state tax administration unless steps are first taken to strengthen the administrations.","PeriodicalId":318785,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Evaluation of Strategic Outcomes (Topic)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115944013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Fiscal Decentralisation Foster Regional Investment in Productive Infrastructure?","authors":"A. Kappeler, alberT solé-ollé, Andreas Stephan, Timo Välilä","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2050355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2050355","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of revenue decentralization on the provision of infrastructure at the sub-national level. We estimate the effects of revenue decentralization and earmarked grant financing on the level of sub-national infrastructure investment in 20 European countries over the period 1990-2009. The results are interpreted in light of the predictions of the theory on fiscal federalism. We find that it is sub-national infrastructure investment that increases after revenue decentralization and not investment in redistribution. However, the effect of revenue decentralization is lower the higher the use of earmarked grants to fund infrastructure investment.","PeriodicalId":318785,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Evaluation of Strategic Outcomes (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130296045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordination Under Threshold Uncertainty in a Public Goods Game","authors":"A. Dannenberg, A. Löschel, Gabriele Paolacci, Christiane Reif, A. Tavoni","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1963187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1963187","url":null,"abstract":"We explored experimentally how threshold uncertainty affects coordination success in a threshold public goods game. Whereas all groups succeeded in providing the public good when the exact value of the threshold was known, uncertainty was generally detrimental for the public good provision. The negative effect of threshold uncertainty was particularly severe when it took the form of ambiguity, i.e. when players were not only unaware of the value of the threshold but also of its probability distribution. Early signaling of willingness to contribute and share the burden equitably helped groups in coping with threshold uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":318785,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Evaluation of Strategic Outcomes (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115240573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual Report 2009-10","authors":"Productivity Commission","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1802874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1802874","url":null,"abstract":"The Productivity Commission's 2009-10 Annual Report was released on 28 October 2010 and forms part of the Commission's annual report series. Effective policy development demands careful analysis of different options, drawing on available evidence. Good process is the key to ensuring that this happens, whether in developing new policies or evaluating existing programs. Evidence-based analysis and good process matter because getting policy right matters. Public policy measures can have pervasive effects on the wellbeing of the community. The community deserves assurance that policies are designed and implemented to produce the outcomes it seeks in a cost-effective way. Reforms that raise the quality of spending can reduce taxation imposts and enable the objectives of regulation to be met more efficiently, contributing to growth in productivity, employment and income. In contrast, policies conceived without proper assessment carry risks of locking in productivity-sapping impacts and reducing the capacity to fund more worthwhile initiatives. During the 1980s and 1990s, Australia gained an international reputation for policy processes and reforms which involved the assembly of evidence and transparent consideration of options. But there is scope to do better. In the theme chapter of the Annual Report 2009-10, the Commission draws on its experience in conducting inquiries and research studies over the years to identify ways of strengthening evidence-based policy development in the future.","PeriodicalId":318785,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Evaluation of Strategic Outcomes (Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122268930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research, Innovation and Technological Performance in Germany (Report 2010)","authors":"A. Achleitner, J. Allmendinger, A. Gerybadze, D. Harhoff, Joachim Luther, P. Llerena","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1676304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1676304","url":null,"abstract":"On behalf of the Federal Government of Germany, the Commission of Experts for Research and Innovation presents its third report. The format of the report has been revised this year. Part A of the EFI report 2010 discusses current developments and future challenges. Part B of the report then addresses five core topics. The indicators for the status of research and innovation in Part C are presented in a new format, which we hope will be more readily accessible for decision-makers in particular. The financial and economic crisis is not yet over, but there are signs of moderate growth potential for 2010. The German innovation system has done fairly well in the crisis. In addition, appropriate importance has been attached to research, innovation and education in the plans of the new Federal Government. As welcome as these declarations of intent are, it is important to follow these up by adopting specific measures in various key areas. In this third report, the following five topics are addressed in detail. First, the Expert Commission analyses the overall structure of the German innovation system and in particular the role of non-university research (Section B 1). It then presents an interim assessment of the Bologna Process, which is currently the subject of lively public debate (Section B 2). Twenty years after German reunification, research and innovation policies in eastern Germany are reviewed (Section B 3). The Expert Commission also considers Germany’s technological performance in the field of electromobility (Section B 4), and comments on the efforts of the European Commission to introduce a European Union patent and a unified patent court system (Section B 5). Highest priorities for the Federal Government should be the introduction of R&D tax support, improvements to the conditions for Business Angels and venture capital, and the systematic improvement of Germany’s education and research systems. Broad tax advantages for companies and individual tax-payers are no substitute for these urgently needed measures. Instruments which have been shown to have failed, such as the research premium, should be abandoned. Germany continues to do well in terms of creativity, inventiveness and openness to innovations. Despite financial constraints it is important to target investments in order to maintain and expand these strengths.","PeriodicalId":318785,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Evaluation of Strategic Outcomes (Topic)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124822481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of the 'Quality of Public Finances' in the Context of the Reformed Stability and Growth Pact","authors":"F. Höppner, C. Kastrop","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2017727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2017727","url":null,"abstract":"Hoppner and Kastrop discuss the issue of quality in public expenditure in the framework of the Stability and Growth Pact. Their starting point is the reform of the Pact that has taken place in 2005. They summarise the main problems that led to the reform and argue that fiscal rules based only on quantitative indicators rather than on economic analyses of fiscal policies could lead to incorrect policy recommendations and objectives. They point out that the problem is to translate the theoretically appealing concept of high-quality public finances into operational indications. To this end they suggest that the general structure of expenditure should be considered along with an assessment of the necessary structural reforms. Drawing up an agreed methodology to determine non-mechanistic assessments of fiscal positions should be the way forward. Such an agreement should lead to general policy guidelines agreed at European level.","PeriodicalId":318785,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Evaluation of Strategic Outcomes (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125880551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}