Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England)最新文献

{"title":"\"Decision-critical\" work: a conceptual framework.","authors":"Xiangning Fan,&nbsp;Charl Els,&nbsp;Kenneth J Corbet,&nbsp;Sebastian Straube","doi":"10.1186/s12995-016-0115-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-016-0115-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Safety-sensitive\" workers, also termed \"safety-critical\" workers, have been subject to fitness to work assessments due to concerns that a performance error may result in worker injury, injury to coworkers or the general public, and/or disruption of equipment, production or the environment. However, there exists an additional category of \"decision-critical\" workers, distinct from \"safety-sensitive\" workers, in whom impairment may impact workplace performance, relationships, attendance, reliability and quality. Adverse consequences in these latter areas may not be immediately apparent, but a potential \"orbit of harm\" nevertheless exists. Workplace consequences arising from impairment in \"decision-critical\" workers differ from those in \"safety-sensitive\" personnel. Despite their importance in the occupational context, \"decision-critical\" workers have not previously been differentiated from other workers in the published literature, and we now outline an approach to fitness to work assessment in this group. </p>","PeriodicalId":318500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12995-016-0115-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34530280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wellbeing and occupational risk perception among health care workers: a multicenter study in Morocco and France.","authors":"Doina Ileana Giurgiu,&nbsp;Christine Jeoffrion,&nbsp;Christine Roland-Lévy,&nbsp;Benjamin Grasset,&nbsp;Brigitte Keriven Dessomme,&nbsp;Leila Moret,&nbsp;Yves Roquelaure,&nbsp;Alain Caubet,&nbsp;Christian Verger,&nbsp;Chakib El Houssine Laraqui,&nbsp;Pierre Lombrail,&nbsp;Christian Geraut,&nbsp;Dominique Tripodi","doi":"10.1186/s12995-016-0110-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-016-0110-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study analyzes health care workers' (HCWs) occupational risk perception and compares exposure to occupational risk factors in Moroccan and French hospitals.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Across nine public hospitals from three Moroccan regions (north, center and south), a 49 item French questionnaire, based on the Job Content Questionnaire, and 4 occupational risks subscales, was distributed to 4746 HCWs. Internal consistency of the study was determined for each subscale. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on the Moroccan questionnaire. Psychosocial job demand, job decision latitude and social support scores analysis was used to isolate high strain jobs. Occupational risks and high strain perception correlation were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. A comparative analysis between Moroccan and French (Nantes Hospitals) investigations data was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Morocco, 2863 HCWs (60 %) answered the questionnaire (54 % women; mean age 40 years; mean work seniority 11 years; 24 % physicians; 45 % nurses). 44 % Moroccan HCWs are at high strain. Casablanca region (1.75 OR; CI: 1.34-2.28), north Morocco (1.66 OR; CI: 1.27-2.17), midwives (2.35 OR; 95 % CI 1.51-3.68), nursing aides (1.80 OR; 95 % CI: 1.09-2.95), full-time employment (1.34 OR; 95 % CI 1.06-1.68); hypnotics, sedatives use (1.48 OR; 95 % CI 1.19-1.83), analgesics use (1.40 OR; 95 % CI 1.18-1.65) were statistically associated to high strain. 44% Moroccan HCWs are at high strain versus 37 % French (Nantes) HCWs (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Moroccan HCWs have high strain activity. Moroccan HCWs and more Moroccan physicians are at high strain than Nantes HCWs. Moroccan and French's results showed that full time workers, midwives, workers using hypnotics, and analgesics are at high strain. Our findings underscore out the importance of implementing a risk prevention plan and even a hospital reform. Further research, with an enlarged study pool will provide more information on psychosocial risks (PSR) and HCWs' health.</p>","PeriodicalId":318500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12995-016-0110-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34458283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could the significantly increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis reported in Italian male steel workers be explained by occupational exposure to cadmium?","authors":"Daniel Murphy,&nbsp;Benjamin James,&nbsp;David Hutchinson","doi":"10.1186/s12995-016-0111-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-016-0111-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple chronic disease risks have been identified in Italian furnace workers. A range of potential toxins have been identified in foundry dust. We suggest that the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) plays an important role in the development of chronic diseases, notably rheumatoid arthrits, and propose that research into the mechanism of action be undertaken to discover the aetiology of this link. </p>","PeriodicalId":318500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12995-016-0111-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34459640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardized assessment of psychosocial factors and their influence on medically confirmed health outcomes in workers: a systematic review.","authors":"Susel Rosário,&nbsp;João A Fonseca,&nbsp;Albert Nienhaus,&nbsp;José Torres da Costa","doi":"10.1186/s12995-016-0106-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-016-0106-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies of psychosocial work factors have indicated their importance for workers' health. However, to what extent health problems can be attributed to the nature of the work environment or other psychosocial factors is not clear. No previous systematic review has used inclusion criteria based on specific medical evaluation of work-related health outcomes and the use of validated instruments for the assessment of the psychosocial (work) environment. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the evidence assessing the relationship between the psychosocial work environment and workers' health based on studies that used standardized and validated instruments to assess the psychosocial work environment and that focused on medically confirmed health outcomes. A systematic review of the literature was carried out by searching the databases PubMed, B-ON, Science Direct, Psycarticles, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection and the search engine (Google Scholar) using appropriate words for studies published from 2004 to 2014. This review follows the recommendations of the Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). Studies were included in the review if data on psychosocial validated assessment method(s) for the study population and specific medical evaluation of health-related work outcome(s) were presented. In total, the search strategy yielded 10,623 references, of which 10 studies (seven prospective cohort and three cross-sectional) met the inclusion criteria. Most studies (7/10) observed an adverse effect of poor psychosocial work factors on workers' health: 3 on sickness absence, 4 on cardiovascular diseases. The other 3 studies reported detrimental effects on sleep and on disease-associated biomarkers. A more consistent effect was observed in studies of higher methodological quality that used a prospective design jointly with the use of validated instruments for the assessment of the psychosocial (work) environment and clinical evaluation. More prospective studies are needed to assess the evidence of work-related psychosocial factors on workers´ health. </p>","PeriodicalId":318500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12995-016-0106-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34411020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of metal sensitization in sarcoid-like metal-exposed patients by the MELISA® lymphocyte proliferation test - a pilot study.","authors":"Elizabeth Fireman,&nbsp;Amir Bar Shai,&nbsp;Yifat Alcalay,&nbsp;Noa Ophir,&nbsp;Shmuel Kivity,&nbsp;Vera Stejskal","doi":"10.1186/s12995-016-0101-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-016-0101-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary function is often affected by the inhalation of metal particles. The resulting pathology might trigger various lung diseases, e.g., parenchymal lung fibrosis and granulomatous lung disorders. We previously demonstrated that 6 % of tissue-proven sarcoid patients had a positive beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT), thus correcting the diagnosis to chronic beryllium disease. The aim of this study was to examine if MEmory Lymphocyte Immnuno Stimulation Assay (MELISA®), currently used for non-pulmonary diseases, can identify metals other than beryllium that can also trigger sensitization and induce granulomatous disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pilot study included 13 sarcoid-like patients who underwent MELISA®. Eleven patients also underwent BeLPT. Biopsy samples were tested for metal content by scanning electron microscope. Eleven study patients had been exposed to metals at the workplace and 2 had silicone implants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two patients who had undergone BeLPT were positive for beryllium. MELISA® detected 9 patients (9/13, 69 %) who were positive for at least one of the tested metals: 4 reacted positively to nickel, 4 to titanium, 2 to chromium, 2 to beryllium, 2 to silica, and one each to palladium, mercury and lead.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is proposed that MELISA® can be exploited to also identify specific sensitization in individuals exposed to inhaled particles from a variety of metals.</p>","PeriodicalId":318500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12995-016-0101-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34401491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endotoxin, dust and exhaled nitrogen oxide among hand pickers of coffee; a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Bente Elisabeth Moen,&nbsp;Akwilina Kayumba,&nbsp;Gloria Sakwari,&nbsp;Simon Henry David Mamuya,&nbsp;Magne Bråtveit","doi":"10.1186/s12995-016-0108-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-016-0108-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary coffee processing takes place in countries where coffee is grown, and may include hand picking of coffee to remove low quality beans. Hand picking is mostly performed by women. No previous studies on dust and respiratory health have been performed in this occupational group, although studies indicate respiratory problems among other coffee production workers.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Our aim was to assess dust and endotoxin exposure among hand pickers in a coffee factory and compare the levels with limit values. In addition we wanted to examine the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) as a possible inflammatory marker in the airways among the hand pickers and evaluate the association between FeNO and years of hand picking. All hand pickers in a factory were examined during 1 week. The response was 100 %; 69 participated. FeNO was measured using an electrochemistry-based NIOX MINO device. Nine out of 69 workers (13 %) had levels of FeNO above 25 ppb, indicating presence of respiratory inflammation. A significant positive association was found between increasing FeNO and years of hand picking. Nine personal samples of total dust and endotoxin were taken. None of the dust samples exceeded the occupational limit value for total organic dust of 5 mg/m(3). Three samples of endotoxin (33 %) were above the recommended value of 90 EU/m(3).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Levels of endotoxin were higher than recommended standards among hand pickers, and there was a positive association between the level of exhaled nitrogen oxide and years of work with hand picking coffee.</p>","PeriodicalId":318500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12995-016-0108-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34456804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational injuries among building construction workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.","authors":"Sebsibe Tadesse,&nbsp;Dagnachew Israel","doi":"10.1186/s12995-016-0107-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-016-0107-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occupational injuries can pose direct costs, like suffering, loss of employment, disability and loss of productivity, and indirect costs on families and society. However, there is a dearth of studies clarifying the situation in most of Subsaharan African countries, like Ethiopia. The present study determined the prevalence of injury and associated factors among building construction employees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among building construction employees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from February to April 2015. Multi-stages sampling followed by simple random sampling techniques was used to select the study participants. The sample size of the study was 544. A pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Multivariable analyses were employed to see the effect of explanatory variables on injury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of injury among building construction employees was reported to be 38.3 % [95 % CI: (33.9, 42.7)] in the past 1 year. Use of personal protective equipments, work experience, khat chewing were factors significantly associated with injury.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is among the few studies describing construction health and safety in Ethiopia. In this study a relatively higher prevalence of injury was reported among building construction employees compared to other studies. If urgent interventions are not in place, the absence from work, loss of productivity and work-related illnesses, disabilities and fatalities will continue to be a major challenge of the construction industry in the future. Therefore, programs to mitigate the burden borne by construction-related injuries should focus on areas, such as provision of safety trainings, promoting use of PPE and monitoring substance abuse in workplace.</p>","PeriodicalId":318500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12995-016-0107-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34744067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of occupational hazards and associated factors among welders in Lideta Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","authors":"Sebsibe Tadesse, K. Bezabih, Bikes Destaw, Yalemzewod Assefa","doi":"10.1186/s12995-016-0105-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-016-0105-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":318500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127733551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and methodology of the Geo-social Analysis of Physicians’ settlement (GAP-Study) in Germany","authors":"D. Groneberg, M. Boll, J. Bauer","doi":"10.1186/s12995-016-0104-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-016-0104-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":318500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124114907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"German version of the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ): translation and validation","authors":"S. Kreuzfeld, R. Seibt, M. Kumar, A. Rieger, R. Stoll","doi":"10.1186/s12995-016-0100-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-016-0100-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":318500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125159604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}