Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine最新文献_第6页

Medical Error Disclosure can Rescue Malpractice Litigation 医疗差错披露可以挽救医疗事故诉讼

Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.26735/16586794.2018.007

Heba A. Yassa, Abanoub F. Peter

{"title":"Medical Error Disclosure can Rescue Malpractice Litigation","authors":"Heba A. Yassa, Abanoub F. Peter","doi":"10.26735/16586794.2018.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26735/16586794.2018.007","url":null,"abstract":"Patient safety is the main goal of each hospital. Many steps can be taken to improve patient’s safety by the healthcare system. This study aimed to increase awareness about medical error disclosure, which helps to decrease malpractice litigation. Two hundred physicians with different qualifications were asked to complete a questionnaire about medical error disclosure and its impact on the patient’s safety and malpractice litigation. The studied group included doctors in different age groups, ranging from 25 to 60 years old. Thirty-one percent of them reported that the main cause of medical errors is poor team design, followed by 27% blaming work pressure. Other causes of medical errors are due to human errors, and 49% were due to miscommunication with patients. Only 35.5% of doctors had the courage to disclose their errors. Most of them fear the negative reaction of patients’ families and loss of reputation. Twenty-seven percent of physicians confirmed that it is the right of the patient to know about the error that took place but they did not know how to inform their patients about the error. Medical error disclosure is one of the most important steps towards achieving patient’s trust in any healthcare institution.","PeriodicalId":31692,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86502691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Lightning Skin Burns: A Case Report 闪电皮肤烧伤:一例报告

Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.26735/16586794.2018.015

Tarek Abdelraouf, M. ElHafez, E. Elmorsy

{"title":"Lightning Skin Burns: A Case Report","authors":"Tarek Abdelraouf, M. ElHafez, E. Elmorsy","doi":"10.26735/16586794.2018.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26735/16586794.2018.015","url":null,"abstract":"Lightning strike is a rare natural phenomenon which can cause death due to serious medical complications including myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, cutaneous burns, and respiratory as well as neurological disorders. This study presents a report on a 50-year-old male who died after being struck by lightning. The man sustained burns from the neck to the ankle. Interestingly, fern-like skin erythema was seen in the anterior aspects of the right and left shoulders and left side of the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall. Multiple 2nd degree burns were found. The largest was found in the middle of the front of the neck extending to the upper part of the chest with linear extension to the front of the abdomen. Other burns were found in the abdominal wall, pubic region, and medial aspects of both thighs. Areas of erythema were found in the back of the left thigh and legs to the medial aspects of the ankles. Hair singing was found in the beard, back of both forearms and in the pubic region. Clothes were burnt and torn opposite to the skin lesions. The cause of death was most likely cardiorespiratory arrest. In conclusion, more awareness about lightning is highly recommended as it remains as a serious cause of environmental deaths with unique skin burns.","PeriodicalId":31692,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89203448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Deaths from Motorcycle Accidents: An Autopsy Study from Turkey 摩托车事故死亡:来自土耳其的尸检研究

Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.26735/16586794.2018.016

V. Ünal, Esra Ünal, Fatma Koral, Z. Çetinkaya, S. Koç

引用次数: 1

Study on Sex Differences in Fingerprint Ridge Density of Patent Thumbprints by Ink Staining Method in Young Adult Indian Tamil Population 墨水染色法研究印度青年泰米尔人专利指纹脊密度的性别差异

Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.26735/16586794.2018.004

K. R. Siddapur

{"title":"Study on Sex Differences in Fingerprint Ridge Density of Patent Thumbprints by Ink Staining Method in Young Adult Indian Tamil Population","authors":"K. R. Siddapur","doi":"10.26735/16586794.2018.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26735/16586794.2018.004","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted at the Forensic Medicine Department, Velammal Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Tamil Nadu, India, with an objective to assess sex differences in thumbprint ridge density from patent thumbprints by ink staining method. One hundred and thirty three Tamil speaking medical students, 19-21 years of age, participated in the study after obtaining their informed consent. Sample size was calculated using Sample Size Calculator presented as a public service of Creative Research Systems: Survey software, ‘ The Survey System ’ . In the present study, loop pattern was found in 56% of thumbprints, whorl pattern in 32.7%, arch in 8.7% and composite pattern was found in 2.6% of thumbprints. Thumbprint ridge density ranged from 8-12 ridges/25 mm 2 in males and 10-14 ridges/25 mm 2 in females. Difference in ridge density of left and right thumbprints was not significant ( p value 0.8754). Difference in ridge density of fingerprint patterns was also not significant at p < 0.05. The present study results will be beneficial for law enforcement authorities in identifying gender from thumbprints. Sex difference in thumbprint ridge density was significant at p < 0.05 and it was inferred that ridge density of ≤ 10 ridges/25 mm 2 is male and ≥ 11 is female.","PeriodicalId":31692,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73955832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Genetic Diversity of Five Native Populations (Dusun, Rungus, Sonsogon, Murut and Sungai-Lingkabau Paitan) of North Borneo, East Malaysia based on 17 Y-chromosomal Short-Tandem Repeats Polymorphism 基于17个y染色体短串联重复序列多态性的北婆罗洲、东马来西亚5个本地种群(Dusun、Rungus、Sonsogon、Murut和sungailingkabau Paitan)的遗传多样性

Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.26735/16586794.2018.012

V. Subbiah, S. Narayanan, C. Yew, Rolando Robert, M. Z. Hoque

{"title":"Genetic Diversity of Five Native Populations (Dusun, Rungus, Sonsogon, Murut and Sungai-Lingkabau Paitan) of North Borneo, East Malaysia based on 17 Y-chromosomal Short-Tandem Repeats Polymorphism","authors":"V. Subbiah, S. Narayanan, C. Yew, Rolando Robert, M. Z. Hoque","doi":"10.26735/16586794.2018.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26735/16586794.2018.012","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we typed 51 male individuals from North Borneo using 17 Y-chromosome STRs contained in the AmpFLSTR® Yfiler® kit (Applied Biosystems). These individuals constitute five indigenous ethnic populations representing the three major linguistic groups (Dusunic, Murutic and Paitanic): the Dusun ( n =7), Rungus ( n =12), Sonsogon ( n =12), Murut Paluan ( n =12), and Sungai Lingkabau Paitan ( n =8). A total of 37 haplotypes were identified, of which 30 individuals were represented by a single haplotype. The mean ± S.D. haplotype diversity was 0.600±0.181 and the discrimination capacity was 0.725. The results also showed that the haplotype H33 was the most frequent haplotype observed in the sampled male populations occurring exclusively in the Murut population. Comparative analysis between Y-haplotype populations of North Borneo and the ethnic populations (Bidayuh, Iban, and Melanau) of neighbouring Sarawak (East Malaysia) i.e. indicated that the Sungai Lingkabau Paitan was more closely associated with the Melanau with respect to Y-haplotype descent (RST=- 0.0023). In addition, the Multidimensional Scaling (MSD) analysis managed to clearly differentiate the eight groups from Borneo. We concluded that the 17 Y-chromosome STRs data of North Bornean populations are valuable resources in the applications of forensic and population genetics of the ethnic groups.","PeriodicalId":31692,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81944312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stature Reconstruction from Percutaneous Anthropometry of Long Bones of Upper Extremity of Nigerians in the University of Lagos 拉各斯大学尼日利亚人上肢长骨经皮人体测量重建身材

Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.26735/16586794.2018.010

M. E. Nandi, O. Olabiyi, N. Ibeabuchi, E. A. Okubike, Euphemia C Iheaza

{"title":"Stature Reconstruction from Percutaneous Anthropometry of Long Bones of Upper Extremity of Nigerians in the University of Lagos","authors":"M. E. Nandi, O. Olabiyi, N. Ibeabuchi, E. A. Okubike, Euphemia C Iheaza","doi":"10.26735/16586794.2018.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26735/16586794.2018.010","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropometric databases are essential in biological profiling. Stature reconstruction could play an integral role in helping forensic anthropologists in establishing the identity of human remains at crime and/or disaster scenes. This study aimed to derive simple and multiple linear regression equations for reconstruction of stature from upper limb segments in a living adult Nigerian population. The sample included 230 adult medical students at the University of Lagos, Nigeria (100 males and 130 females), aged 18 to 36 years. Direct anthropometric methods were employed to measure all variables. Stature, arm and forearm lengths were measured. Results showed a strong positive correlation between long bones and stature ( p < 0.01). Both simple and multiple regression equations were derived and showed low standard errors of estimate and high coefficients of determination (R2). This study presents a simple and reliable approach to predict stature, which may help forensic scientists in disaster victim identification and in medico-legal jurisprudence.","PeriodicalId":31692,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89939528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

حقوق وضمانات المتهم في مواجهة الدليل الجنائي: دراسة مقارنة 被告对抗犯罪证据的权利和保障:比较研究

Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.26735/16586794.2018.017

Ahmed M. A. Mansour

{"title":"حقوق وضمانات المتهم في مواجهة الدليل الجنائي: دراسة مقارنة","authors":"Ahmed M. A. Mansour","doi":"10.26735/16586794.2018.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26735/16586794.2018.017","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this study is to clarify the rights and guarantees of the accused when faced with forensic evidence. The legal authority has provided a number of guarantees to the accused or the subject that must be provided so that he can have free will when faced by forensic evidence. This is especially the case in stages of gathering evidence. One of these rights is making him fully aware of the accusation, his right to remain silent, the right to seek assistance from a lawyer, and the right to be considered innocent until proven guilty. This study concludes that actions involving violation of these rights and freedoms may be taken only in the narrowest possible circumstances and for the purposes of necessity. In addition, these actions may only be taken within a legal framework through procedures that do not result in oppression or coercion or violation of those rights and freedoms. Exercising these rights and having freedoms is not absolute; it is relative: a person is subject to restrictions imposed by law in the interests of others in an attempt to achieve a balance between these rights and personal freedoms on the one hand and the public interest on the other. Such rights must not be restricted except to actualize public interest or establish justice, because a person is innocent until proven guilty in a fair legal trial. Justice is harmed by criminals walking free, but it is also harmed by the violation of the freedoms of an individual and their rights. This is avoided by guaranteeing that these rights and freedoms are not violated.","PeriodicalId":31692,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85302429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

الطب الشرعي الجنائي في المغرب: واقع وآفاق 摩洛哥法医法医:事实和前景

Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.26735/16586794.2018.018

Younes Nafid

{"title":"الطب الشرعي الجنائي في المغرب: واقع وآفاق","authors":"Younes Nafid","doi":"10.26735/16586794.2018.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26735/16586794.2018.018","url":null,"abstract":"The Moroccan legislative authority has authorized the criminal investigator to carry out a set of measures that might help him to find and verify evidence. These include the assignment of experts such as a Forensic Medicine doctor. The National Council for Human Rights recommended that forensic medicine in Morocco must be organized and that laws must be laid down regulating the practice of forensic medicine there. In light of the scarcity of references to the study of forensic medicine in Moroccan legislation, we have completed this study, whose content is summarized in the first section of the study, the requirements of the Moroccan Low of Criminal Procedure as a frame of reference for the judiciary, which empowers the judiciary to delegate a forensic doctor when it faces criminal cases that are difficult scientifically, technically and professionally without the assistance of specialists. The second section of the study has been allocated to the prospects of Forensic Medicine in Morocco. This involves a study of the requirements of law related to the practice of Forensic Medicine in Morocco. In accordance with this law, we have identified the specific legal tasks of the Forensic Medicine doctor and the agencies that exclusively carry out forensic medicine tasks. We have also identified the bodies that supervise the proper functioning of the forensic profession.","PeriodicalId":31692,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83256343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Polygraph and Lie Detection: A Case Study 测谎仪和测谎:一个案例研究

Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.26735/16586794.2018.008

Aabad Ayoub, Farwa Rizvi, S. Akram, M. Tahir

引用次数: 2

Dental Evidence as a Sole Human Identifier in World Disasters: A Literature Review with Emphasis on the 2004 Tsunami Disaster 牙科证据在世界灾难中作为唯一的人类标识:以2004年海啸灾难为重点的文献综述

Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.26735/16586794.2018.006

S. Al-Amad

{"title":"Dental Evidence as a Sole Human Identifier in World Disasters: A Literature Review with Emphasis on the 2004 Tsunami Disaster","authors":"S. Al-Amad","doi":"10.26735/16586794.2018.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26735/16586794.2018.006","url":null,"abstract":"Comparative dental analysis is a quick and relatively simple human identification method. In many disaster incidents, dental characteristics have played an important role in establishing the identity of victims when they were visually unidentifiable. A PubMed search was conducted for publications that specifically discussed the role of dental characteristics in Disaster Victim Identification (DVI). Between 1974 and 2012, 14 papers described 17 disasters in which dental characteristics were used to identify the victims. The percentage of victims identified using only dental characteristics ranged from 0% to 89%. This wide range largely depends on the availability and quality of ante mortem dental records provided by dentists. The DVI in Thailand following the Indian Ocean tsunami in December 2004 was unique in involving deceased tourists from more than 30 countries, mostly from Europe. The dental method of identification showed superiority over other identification methods in terms of speed and accuracy of establishing the victims’ identity. This paper discusses the role of forensic odontology in establishing the identity of disaster victims, with specific emphasis on the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami as an example of good practice, during which the author had first-hand experience.","PeriodicalId":31692,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences Forensic Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81568639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2