Acta Agriculturae Serbica最新文献_第10页

The benefits of organic production of medicinal and aromatic plants in intercropping system 药用和芳香植物在间作制度下有机生产的效益

Acta Agriculturae Serbica Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/AASER1845061G

Jelena Golijan, D. Marković

{"title":"The benefits of organic production of medicinal and aromatic plants in intercropping system","authors":"Jelena Golijan, D. Marković","doi":"10.5937/AASER1845061G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1845061G","url":null,"abstract":"Organic production of medicinal and aromatic plants is consistent with numerous regulations; hence it is under strict legal control. It implies a production system that does not disturb the naturally consistent balance of ecosystems in which plants are grown, taking into account the preservation of healing properties of derivatives obtained by further processing thereof. This production can be established on virgin lands, or those used for agricultural production but without the application of synthetic chemicals, for a period of at least two years. The main cultivated medicinal and aromatic plants in Serbia are: rosemary, coriander, chamomile, peppermint, lemon balm, valerian, thyme, etc. Weeds are the most serious problem in the organic production system of these plants, while damages caused by diseases are not economically significant. Intercropping in the organic cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants is the simplest and, at the same time, a very efficient method to reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, since the use of pesticides is not allowed in the organic production system. Plant cultivation in this system, in relation to continuous cropping, contributes to increased biodiversity, better utilisation of natural resources, higher yields of many plants and reduced abundance of weeds and pests. Moreover, it is very important to emphasise that the effects of intercropping on the quality of an agroecosystem and plants themselves are great, which further leads to a more efficient ability of plants to develop resistance to insects and numerous pathogens. Received 25 October 2017 Accepted 7 April 2018 Acta Agriculturae Serbica, Vol. XXIII, 45(2018); 61-76 62","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"23 1","pages":"61-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71192995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Productivity of natural grassland of the order Arrhenatheretalia depending on nitrogen fertilization level 氮肥水平对蕨目天然草地生产力的影响

Acta Agriculturae Serbica Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/AASER1846187T

D. Tomić, D. Brković, V. Stevović, N. Bokan, D. Đurović, Đ. Lazarević

{"title":"Productivity of natural grassland of the order Arrhenatheretalia depending on nitrogen fertilization level","authors":"D. Tomić, D. Brković, V. Stevović, N. Bokan, D. Đurović, Đ. Lazarević","doi":"10.5937/AASER1846187T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1846187T","url":null,"abstract":"Natural grasslands are major animal feed resources in the moutainous region of Serbia. Proper use of mineral fertilizers in these grasslands can lead to a multiple increase in productivity. The paper analyzes the effect of NPK fertilizers with different levels of nitrogen (unfertilized - A0; N60:P40:K40 - A1; N100:P40:K40 - A2; N140:P40:K40 - A3) on forage yield and botanical composition of natural grassland of the Arrhenatheretalia order on the slopes of Mount Kopaonik. With the increase of the amount of nitrogen applied in spring from 40 to 80 kg ha-1, forage and hay yields also increased, whereas further increase innitrogen quantity to 120 kg ha-1 resulted in the absence of the increasing yield trend. In the second cut, there were lower forage and hay yields compared to the first cut. A total of 50 different plant species of 44 genera and 20 families were identified on the grassland. In both cuts, in all fertilized treatments, the grass percentage was significantly higher than the control. The percentage of legumes in the first cut was low, while it significantly decreased in the second crop with the increase in the level of fertilizer. The percentage of other plants was higher in the second cut, as compared to the first one, and it significantly decreased in both cuts with the increase in fertilizer rate.","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"23 1","pages":"187-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Determination of the content of bioactive components in different extracts of Portulaca oleracea L. 马齿苋不同提取物中生物活性成分含量的测定。

Acta Agriculturae Serbica Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/AASER1846223M

J. Mladenović, M. Đurić, G. Šekularac, D. Brković, J. Stepanović, P. Mašković, L. Bošković-Rakočević

{"title":"Determination of the content of bioactive components in different extracts of Portulaca oleracea L.","authors":"J. Mladenović, M. Đurić, G. Šekularac, D. Brković, J. Stepanović, P. Mašković, L. Bošković-Rakočević","doi":"10.5937/AASER1846223M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1846223M","url":null,"abstract":"Plants can be very useful as soil guards, and as an additional source of vitamins and minerals in human nutrition. Some, of them also have medicinal properties. Portulaca oleracea L. contains more antioxidants than spinach. It is also rich in vitamins C and B, including riboflavin, pyridoxine,niacin, carotenoids and traces of minerals such as iron, magnesium and calcium. The following analyses were carried out: determination of moisture in the plant material, preparation of macerates, extraction of samples in the Soxhlet apparatus, ultrasonic extraction of samples, determination of extract density by an aerometer, determination of extraction yield by maceration, determination of extraction yield by Soxhlet extraction, determination of extraction yield by ultrasonic extraction and determination of the content of vitamin C in the extracts obtained. The dry matter content obtained on the basis of three measurements was 7.679% and the moisture content was 92.321%. The smallest extraction yield was obtained by Soxhlet extraction 0.1625 g, followed by maceration 0.3575 g and ultrasonic extraction 0.775 g. The highest density was determined for the ultrasonic extract 0.85 g / cm³, and the smallest for the Soxhlet's extract 0.70 g / cm³, which was correlated with extraction yields. The content of vitamin C was highest in the ultrasonic extract 15.5 mg / 100 g, slightly lower in the macerate extract 6.5 mg / 100 g, and the smallest in the Soxhlet's extract 2.5 mg / 100 g. The content of bioactive components in purslane leaf depends on the extraction method. Ultrasonic extraction proved to be the most optimal method, giving the highest extraction yield and the highest vitamin C content. It lasted for a minimum period of time (30 min) and extraction temperature was the lowest 40 °C. We assume that under these conditions vitamin C is rapidly extracted and preserved from degradation.","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"23 1","pages":"223-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Uptake and distribution of metals in Populus nigra and Populus tremula 黑杨和白杨对金属的吸收和分布

Acta Agriculturae Serbica Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/AASER1846167D

G. Đelić, S. Timotijevic, Z. Simić

引用次数: 3

Measures to protect bee health against varroosis in Montenegro 黑山采取措施保护蜜蜂健康，防止花曲病

Acta Agriculturae Serbica Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/AASER1846177B

M. Bojanić-Rašović, V. Davidovic, M. Joksimović-Todorović

{"title":"Measures to protect bee health against varroosis in Montenegro","authors":"M. Bojanić-Rašović, V. Davidovic, M. Joksimović-Todorović","doi":"10.5937/AASER1846177B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1846177B","url":null,"abstract":"Varroosis is a disease of bees and their brood caused by Varroa destructor, an ectoparasitic mite (acarine). This parasite is present throughout the year in bee colonies feeding on hemolymph from adult bees, larvae and pupae. Varroosis is also present in the beekeeping of Montenegro. Measures to prevent varroosis include beekeeping on favorable terrains, early detection of diseases, control of newly procured colonies, application of the principles of good beekeeping practice, control of treatment efficiency etc. Diagnostic examination for varroosis is carried out once a year - until the end of March in all bee colonies. For mite control, only registered products should be used. In Montenegro, natural preparations are registered - Apiguard (based on thymol) and Api Life Var (based on thymol, eucalyptus oil, camphor and L-menthol). Varroa quickly becomes resistant to synthetic chemical preparations based on compounds, such as amitraz, coumaphos, synthetic pyrethroids - fluvalinate and flumethrin. In addition to gaining resistance, there is a great danger of depositing residues in bee products. Such bee products are a source of contamination for humans through the consumption of bee products (honey, royal jelly, propolis, etc.) and bee wax is a source of contamination through cosmetic products that contain it. Therefore, these synthetic preparations should not be used for the treatment of bee colonies against varroa.","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"23 1","pages":"177-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Structure of exports and imports of milk and dairy products from Serbia 从塞尔维亚出口和进口牛奶和奶制品的结构

Acta Agriculturae Serbica Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/AASER1846197V

B. Veljković, R. Koprivica, D. Radivojević, Z. Mileusnic

引用次数: 1

Carcass conformation of Master Gris broiler chickens as an indicator of carcass quality 灰师肉鸡胴体形态作为胴体质量的指标

Acta Agriculturae Serbica Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/AASER1846247D

V. Dosković, S. Bogosavljević-Bošković, Z. Škrbić, B. Jašović, S. Rakonjac, V. Petričević, D. Petrovic

引用次数: 0

Effect of different rates and methods of application of NPK-fertilizers on the quality of potato tubers 不同氮磷肥施用量和施用量对马铃薯块茎品质的影响

Acta Agriculturae Serbica Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/AASER1845101B

L. Bošković-Rakočević, Z. Dinić, G. Dugalić, M. Dugalić, J. Mladenović, M. Đurić

引用次数: 6

Lipolysis and ketogenesis in cows in early lactation (review) 奶牛泌乳早期脂肪分解与生酮研究进展

Acta Agriculturae Serbica Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/AASER1846265L

I. Lakić, R. M. Cincović, B. Belic, R. Đoković, M. Majkić, Ž. Petrović, S. Nikolić

{"title":"Lipolysis and ketogenesis in cows in early lactation (review)","authors":"I. Lakić, R. M. Cincović, B. Belic, R. Đoković, M. Majkić, Ž. Petrović, S. Nikolić","doi":"10.5937/AASER1846265L","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1846265L","url":null,"abstract":"Peripartal metabolic stress is characterized by increased lipid mobilization, when non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) are increased, as well as by increased ketogenesis, when the concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is increased. NEFA are metabolized in all tissues but the main organ is the liver. Possible processes are: a) complete oxidation of NEFA, b) partial oxidation and synthesis of ketone bodies (BHB), c) development of triglycerides from NEFA that can be transported or stay in the liver when fatty liver is apparent. Moreover, increased lipolysis and ketogenesis can cause oxidative stress because concentrations of MDA and/or TBARS are positively correlated with NEFA and BHB concentrations. The increase in NEFA during the peripartal period affects the cellular immunologic response by changing intracellular signals, gene expressing control, activation of transcriptional factors, apoptosis induction and by modifying mediators of lipid production. Increased proportion of cows with high NEFA and BHB concentrations in the herd can cause reduced milk yield at the end of a standard 305-day lactation. NEFA concentrations can be related to postpartal ovarian activity, especially given that blood NEFA concentrations represent NEFA concentrations in the ovarian follicular fluid. Cows on farms with lower scores of animal welfare and nutrition have higher concentrations of cortisol, NEFA, BHB, bilirubin, glucose and urea. NEFA and BHB concentrations in early lactation can be used for estimating metabolic adaptation in the first 8 weeks after calving. For the estimation of metabolic adaptation, increased lipolysis has a greater significance than decreased anabolic parameters. Received 27 November 2018 Accepted 14 December 2018 Acta Agriculturae Serbica, Vol. XXIII, 46(2018); 265-276 266","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"58 1","pages":"265-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Performance testing of field crop sprayers in the Rasina district 拉西纳地区农田作物喷雾器的性能测试

Acta Agriculturae Serbica Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/AASER1845027D

D. Đokić, R. Stanisavljević, J. Marković, J. Milenković, D. Terzić, T. Vasić, S. Barać

{"title":"Performance testing of field crop sprayers in the Rasina district","authors":"D. Đokić, R. Stanisavljević, J. Marković, J. Milenković, D. Terzić, T. Vasić, S. Barać","doi":"10.5937/AASER1845027D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1845027D","url":null,"abstract":"In agricultural production, pests and diseases of agricultural crops, as well as weed plants, cause significant losses in the yield and quality of agricultural products. One of the most effective ways of fighting is the use of a wide range of chemicals called pesticides. In accordance with the EU Directives 2009/128/EC and 2006/42/EC underlying the standard EN 13790, the Plant Protection Administration of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Environment of the Republic of Serbia has established a framework for the control of sprayers and mist blowers. Maintaining sprayers for pesticide application in a good state of repair and proper working order reduces their harmful effects on human health and the environment. The nozzle is one of the most important parts of plant protection machines, responsible for the following major functions: delivery of a given amount of liquid in a unit of time, dispersion of the liquid by making droplets of different sizes and forming a stream of a particular shape. Testing of the working safety of sprayers and nozzles was carried out in accordance with the European Standard EN 13790 which specifies the methods and equipment for inspection. The flow rate of nozzles was measured by an S001 nozzle tester (AAMS-Salvarani, Belgium). The measuring equipment used for testing the pesticide application device can accurately determine any deviation and irregularity in the application.","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"14 1","pages":"27-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71192929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4