Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society最新文献

{"title":"Difference between skin incision size at the start and at the end of external dacryocystorhinostomy","authors":"Karim Bakr, Jylan Gouda, Alia Nour Eldin","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_43_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_43_23","url":null,"abstract":"To study the difference between the intended skin incision size at the start of the surgery in Ex-DCR and the actual final intraoperative incision size after its closure at the end of the surgery, and to look for a correlation between this difference and the patient’s age, gender and side of surgery. A prospective Observational case series study was performed on 50 patients with unilateral nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The incision will be measured in millimeters using a caliper. The incision size was measured again after wound closure at the end of the surgery in millimeters. The difference between both sizes was correlated to the age, gender and side of surgery. The mean age of the patients was 45.6±16.6 years. Twenty-nine were females (58%). There was a statistically significant increase in the mean incision size at the end of the surgery (10.5±0.6 vs. 12.9±1.3 mm). This change was related to female gender, age above 50 years of age and procedures done on the left side. Size of skin incision increases inevitably at the end of the surgery. The amount of increase is related to age, sex and side of the procedure.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achondroplasia with macular coloboma and cone-rod dystrophy: a case report","authors":"Randa M. A. M. El-Mofty, Mai M. I. Hassan","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_61_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_61_23","url":null,"abstract":"Achondroplasia, an autosomal dominant congenital enchondral ossification, is clinically characterized by short stature, craniofacial, and bone deformities. Ophthalmic features include telecanthus and strabismus; cone-rod dystrophy can also be present. A 12-year-old male presented with decreased vision bilaterally, nystagmus, and achondroplasia. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was Log MAR 1.0 in the right eye and Log MAR 0.8 in the left eye, the anterior segments showed no abnormalities, however the fundus showed bilateral macular coloboma. On electrophysiological assessment, there was also bilateral cone-rod dysfunction. As ophthalmic associations are common in Achondroplasia, thorough ophthalmological examination as well as electrophysiological assessment are mandatory.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effects of vitamin A ointment and liposic gel on corneal abrasion prevention during general anesthesia in nonocular surgeries: a double-blind randomized clinical trial","authors":"Nazanin Amini, K. Rezaei, A. Moslemi, Mehdi Harorani, H. Modir","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_47_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_47_23","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to compare the effects of vitamin A ointment and Liposic gel on perioperative corneal abrasion (CA) prevention during nonocular surgeries. A double-blind randomized clinical trial. In this double-blind randomized clinical trial 50 eligible candidates for nonocular surgeries were purposively selected from XXX teaching hospital, XXX. One patient eye was randomly allocated to the vitamin A group and the other eye to the Liposic gel group. Immediately after anesthesia induction and blinking reflex suppression, eye care was provided using vitamin A ointment in the vitamin A group and Liposic gel in the Liposic gel group. CA was assessed using the fluorescein eye stain test at the end of general anesthesia, at the end of postoperative recovery, and 24 h after surgery. Eye problems were also assessed 24 h after surgery using an eye problems questionnaire. The SPSS software (v. 23.0) was employed for data analysis through the Wilcoxon’s, paired-sample t, and Friedman’s tests as well as the repeated measures analysis of variance. The prevalence of CA in the vitamin A and the Liposic gel groups was 32 and 50% at the end of general anesthesia (P=0.039), 32 and 52% at the end of postoperative recovery (P = 0.018), and 0 and 0% 24 h after surgery (P = 1.00), respectively. There were no significant between-group differences respecting postoperative eye problems (P > 0.05). Vitamin A ointment is more effective than Liposic gel in significantly preventing CA among patients undergoing non-ocular surgeries under general anesthesia.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139331414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of macular sensitivity and vascular density in patients having rheumatoid arthritis on hydroxychloroquine treatment","authors":"Nehal Alaaeldin Abdeltawab, R. Allam, S. Salah, Nahla Borhan, Shaimaa Arfeen","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_44_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_44_23","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation of macular vascular density and sensitivity using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), and 10-2 perimetry in patients having rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and receiving hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) treatment for more than 5 years in comparison to RA patients not receiving HCQ. A cross-sectional case-control study. The study included 52 eyes (52 patients) divided into 2 equal groups. Macular vascular density and sensitivity were evaluated in both groups using OCT-A and 10-2 perimetry. Field defects were significantly detected in the Lower Nasal (LN) and Upper Temporal (UT) quadrants in the HCQ group as compared to the non-HCQ group (P values=0.012 and 0.010, respectively). The vascular density decreased significantly in the Central Temporal (CT) quadrant of the superficial plexus in the HCQ group (P value 0.041). There was a significant positive correlation between vascular density and visual acuity in the CT quadrant of the deep plexus in HCQ group (P value: 0.047). In the HCQ group, the scotomata in the UT, LN, and central quadrants of the visual field were associated with significant decrease in vascular density of the corresponding LN, UT, and CT quadrants of the deep plexus respectively (P value<0.05). In the non-HCQ group, the scotomata in the LN quadrant of the visual field were associated with significant decrease in the vascular density of the corresponding UT quadrant of the deep vascular plexus. HCQ induced vascular changes are quite low and the microvascular changes in RA patients on HCQ treatment are related to the disease pathology rather than the treatment itself.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal epithelial thickness mapping by optical coherence tomography in normal and early keratoconic eyes","authors":"Hamdy El Gazzar, Mohamed Masoud, Alyaa Wagih, Soha Moussa Al-Tohamy","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_45_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_45_23","url":null,"abstract":"Keratoconus (KC) is a noninflammatory disease causing anatomical deformity of the cornea and is manifested by marked conical protrusion in addition to thinning of the corneal central part. There are currently no standardized screening criteria for KC, making early diagnosis difficult. Early diagnosis aids in stopping progression and better management. It has been proposed that spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) has a diagnostic advantage in the early detection of corneal thickness changes in early KC. Detection of corneal epithelial thickness changes in early KC eyes versus normal eyes using SD-OCT. The research involved 30 eyes with early KC and 30 eyes from healthy control patients. Both groups underwent detailed ophthalmological examination and measurement of regional corneal epithelial thickness with anterior segment SD-OCT. In the cases group, corneal epithelium thickness decreased significantly in all regions tested. Additionally, all parameters of the pentacam pachymetry indices showed a statistically significant increase in the cases group. All of the thinnest pachymetry at central 5 mm and 7 mm Area Under the Curve (AUC=0.822 and 0.804), the location Y at central 5 mm and 7 mm (AUC=0.796 and 0.738), the minimum-maximum at central 5 mm and 7 mm (AUC=0.878 and 0.934), and the standard of deviation at central 5 mm and 7 mm (AUC=0.935 and 0.941) showed a statistically significant predictive value for differentiation KC cases from control (P < 0.001), with the highest AUC reported with the standard of deviation. The tested corneal thickness in various regions correlated positively and statistically significantly with pentacam pachymetry indices. Early KC is associated with corneal thinning and increased pentacam pachymetry index parameters. The changes detected by pentacam pachymetry and epithelial thickness as detected by SD-OCT showed a significant correlation.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139328678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of corneal structural changes in post-COVID-19 patients using anterior segment optical coherence tomography and specular microscopy","authors":"Yomna M. Ismail, Magda A. Aal, Walid H. Attia, Ahmed Hassanin","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_48_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_48_23","url":null,"abstract":"To detect corneal structural changes in people who have recovered from COVID-19 infection by specular microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Moreover, the study compares corneal endothelial and structural parameters between those who have recovered from COVID-19 and individuals who have neither been infected nor vaccinated. This is a prospective observational case–control comparative study involving 108 eyes from 54 individuals. The participants are divided into two groups: the case group (individuals recovered from COVID-19 infection) with 54 eyes (27 individuals) and the control group (individuals with no history of COVID-19 infection or vaccination) with 54 eyes (27 individuals). Both groups are matched for age and sex. The study involves architectural analysis of the cornea using anterior segment OCT and evaluation of the corneal endothelium using specular microscopy. The case group’s mean cell density (CD) was 2445.5±310.6 cells/mm, while the control group was 2689.6±398.7 cells/mm (P value 0.001). This indicates a statistically significant decrease in CD among individuals in the case group compared with the control group. The case group’s mean cell area (SD) standard deviation was 169.6±115.2. In contrast, in the control group, it was 135.87±39.29 (P value 0.004), signifying a statistically significant increase in the case group. There was also a statistically significant increase in the average cell area (AVE) in the case group compared with the control group (P value 0.024). However, there were no statistically significant differences in other specular parameters, such as coefficient of variation (CV) or 6A or in the pachymetry. Similarly, no statistically significant differences in AS-OCT parameters were observed between both groups. The study reveals a decrease in corneal endothelial cell count and an increase in the average cell area among individuals who have recovered from COVID-19 during their recovery period. However, it is noteworthy that the specular microscopy parameters remained within the clinically normal range for both groups, and visual acuity was unaffected.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studying the effect of preoperative topical antibiotic drops on anterior chamber contamination after phacoemulsification","authors":"Mohammed Elashri, Amany Ghazy, Nesma Elkemary, Nashwa Sadik, Ahmed Eissa","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_85_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_85_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Despite the application of aseptic protocols and the technical improvements of intraocular surgery, acute endophthalmitis is still noticed after cataract surgery. Presurgical prophylaxis was suggested to reduce the incidence of postcataract endophthalmitis. However, there is no clear protocol to follow. Aim The current study aimed to investigate the effect of preoperative topical antibiotics on anterior segment contamination in patients with cataract after phacoemulsification or phacotrabeculectomy. Patients, methods, and analysis The study enrolled 55 patients who underwent phacoemulsification or phacotrabeculectomy and intraocular lens implantation; 28 patients have used preoperative antibiotic drops (moxifloxacin 0.3%), and 27 patients did not use antibiotics. Anterior chamber (AC) aspirates were collected to determine the anterior segment microbial profile using microscopic examination and microbial cultures. Results All AC aspirates (100%) of the first group did not show any microbial growth on any culture media. However, bacterial growth was noted in three (11.1%) aspirates of the second group when cultured on blood, chocolate agar, and thioglycolate broth. Microscopic examination revealed Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus subtilis. All aspirates did not show any growth on Sabouraud dextrose agar. All patients were followed up after 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. Their ophthalmologic examinations were free of any abnormities. Conclusion Despite taking all the precautionary measures dictated by best practice guidelines for cataract surgery, there is minimal risk of AC bacterial contamination. Thus, the application of preoperative topical antibiotic drops is recommended for all cases.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behçet’s disease and COVID-19, retrospective analysis","authors":"Mai Nasser Elmohsen, Amr Khaled Abouaggour, Maha Youssef, Mohammad Aboulfotouh","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_15_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_15_23","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences on the clinical condition of patients with Behçet’s uveitis and compare this with the pre-pandemic state. Patients and methods This retrospective observational study included patients with Behçet’s uveitis who had adequate follow-up before the pandemic (three visits before March 2020) and during the pandemic (two visits between March 2020 and September 2021). We compared uveitis activity, complication rates, and treatment changes during the pandemic with their preCOVID data. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were contacted by phone to confirm previous COVID-19 exposure and vaccination status. Results The study included 59 eyes of 30 patients with Behçet’s uveitis. There was a statistically significant difference between the preCOVID and COVID eras with respect to visual acuity, with median values changed from 1.033 to 1.3 (P=0.003). There was an increase in secondary glaucoma (16.9% to 30.5%, P=0.039), with a corresponding increase in antiglaucoma topical eye drops (20.3–35.6%) (P=0.012). The use of subtenon injections and systemic steroids decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.687 and P=0.481, respectively). However, the average steroid dose and the number of subtenon injections per patient showed a statistically significant decrease during the pandemic (20 and 26.7 mg per day, respectively) compared to the preCOVID era (0 and 1 injection per patient) (P=0.007 and 0.027, respectively). Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic did not result in increased uveitis activity, but a decrease in follow-up frequency led to more complications, mainly secondary glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined vitrectomy and scleral buckle versus vitrectomy with heavy silicone oil tamponade in the management of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with inferior proliferative vitreoretinopathy","authors":"Mahmoud Abdel Hafez, Nahla Borhan, Mohamed Attya, Mohamed Zayed","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_1_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_1_23","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose The aim was to compare the anatomical and functional success between combined scleral buckling with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and PPV with heavy silicone oil (HSO) tamponade in treating inferior proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade C in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Patients and methods A nonrandomized comparative study was performed on 33 eyes of 33 patients presenting with inferior PVR grade C complicating primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Sixteen eyes underwent PPV with the HSO tamponade namely Densiron 68 that were classified as the heavy-oil group; 17 eyes underwent combined PPV with an encircling 240-band that were classified as the buckle-vitrectomy group. The aim was to achieve anatomical retinal reattachment in the absence of intraocular tamponade. Silicone oil (SO) was removed after 8 weeks in both groups. All patients were evaluated for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure by the end of the first week, first and second months in oil-filled eyes; by the end of the first and third months post-SO removal was achieved. Results Successful primary retinal reattachment was achieved in 87.5% in the heavy-oil group and in 94.1% in the buckle-vitrectomy group, which showed no statistical difference (P=0.47) in these groups. Both groups showed a statistically significant improvement in BCVA after surgery. A significant difference in BCVA in the two groups on the eighth follow-up week after primary surgery (P=0.015) and on the 4th follow-up week after SO removal (P=0.031) was found; but at the 12th week post-SO removal there was no significant difference found between both groups (P=0.056). The mean surgical time was 96.25±13.478 and 116.47±12.4 min for the heavy-oil and buckle-vitrectomy groups, respectively, with a P value less than 0.001. Conclusion Managing inferior PVR either by PPV and HSO or by PPV and an encircling band achieved the same anatomical and functional reuslts. Although the surgical time was much faster in the heavy-oil group, the surgical costs were much higher.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual and refractive outcomes after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and femto-SMILE (small-incision lenticule extraction) for Myopia","authors":"Maram Elashmawy, M. Elsaadany, H. Hasby, Hazem A Elbedewy","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_37_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_37_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background The objective of refractive surgery is to lessen the patient’s reliance on contact lenses or glasses for everyday activities. Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) is a popular surgical procedure that reshapes the cornea in individuals with refractive errors in order to enhance their vision. PRK differs from previous laser-based eye operations in that there are no corneal incisions created during the procedure. Objective To compare the visual and refractive outcomes following PRK and femto-small-incision Lenticule extraction (SMILE) for myopic patients. Patients and methods This retrospective comparative research was conducted in Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine–Tanta University on 80 eyes (of 40 cases) who underwent Corneal Refractive Surgery. They were equally allocated into two groups; PRK group and 2- femto-SMILE group. They were compared before surgery and 6 months after surgery for clinical and topographical outcomes. Results There was a significant difference between both groups as regard of Postoperative UCVA, Degree of Myopia before and after surgery, and Analysis of thinnest location. There were no significant difference between both groups as regard of demographic data or degree of Astigmatism. Conclusion After 6 months of surgery, the visual outcome of PRK was better than femto-SMILE, however, femto- SMILE was more effective in astigmatic correction compared with PRK.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}