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2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)最新文献

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DeCoCo: Blockchain-based Decentralized Compensation of Digital Content Purchases 煎煮:基于区块链的数字内容购买去中心化补偿
2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223299
M. Müller, Jacek Aleksander Janczura, Peter Ruppel
{"title":"DeCoCo: Blockchain-based Decentralized Compensation of Digital Content Purchases","authors":"M. Müller, Jacek Aleksander Janczura, Peter Ruppel","doi":"10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223299","url":null,"abstract":"Current centralized e-commerce platforms have lock-in effects. These platform-binding effects are constructed towards the content creator and the consumer in the process of purchasing digital content. The lock-in effects originate from the situation in which a centralized platform offers a variety of value propositions towards content creators and consumers. In this article, we propose an approach to decentralize the value propositions and distribute them among different actors. Therefore, we develop a decentralized application based on smart contracts and the blockchain technology. With that application as a base, we offer an alternative to the current centralized marketplaces without lock-in effects.","PeriodicalId":315392,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"36 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114124375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Exploring the Characteristics of Hyperledger Fabric in Resource Consumption 探索超级账本结构在资源消耗方面的特点
2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223275
Jeongsue Kim, Kyungwoon Lee, Gyeongsik Yang, Kwanhoon Lee, Jae-Yun Im, C. Yoo
{"title":"Exploring the Characteristics of Hyperledger Fabric in Resource Consumption","authors":"Jeongsue Kim, Kyungwoon Lee, Gyeongsik Yang, Kwanhoon Lee, Jae-Yun Im, C. Yoo","doi":"10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223275","url":null,"abstract":"As blockchain applications are available in clouds, the resource allocation of blockchain becomes an important issue. This paper investigates the resource consumption of Hyperledger Fabric that is a popular blockchain framework. As Fabric consists of several components, this paper characterizes the resource consumption of Fabric components. Then, we attempt to control the CPU allocation of the components and explore the performance implications. Our evaluation results show that the “proper” CPU allocation of Kafka component reduces the CPU usage of the overall Fabric by 14% but the performance of Fabric does not decrease. Our result suggests that clouds can benefit from such control of CPU allocation to Fabric.","PeriodicalId":315392,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"74 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116288428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Risk Analysis Methodology to Blockchain-based Solutions 基于区块链解决方案的风险分析方法
2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223309
S. Ribeiro, Ingrid Alves de Paiva Barbosa
{"title":"Risk Analysis Methodology to Blockchain-based Solutions","authors":"S. Ribeiro, Ingrid Alves de Paiva Barbosa","doi":"10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223309","url":null,"abstract":"The success of blockchain-based solutions, not only on a large scale, but since the beginning of the pilot phase, depends on a set of key factors such as performance, efficiency, usability, scalability. In particular, security, privacy and trust are fundamental, as the use of personal data represents, ultimately, immeasurable impacts on people’s lives. This paper presents the results of risk analysis on a blockchain-based self-sovereign identity solution (SSI), focused on the aspects of privacy, security, protection, resilience and reliability. FINID is a blockchain-based SSI solution that aims to create a unique and portable identity that is enriched and used by Brazilians’ financial institutions.","PeriodicalId":315392,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125653932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
A Descriptive Analysis of US Initial Coin Offerings 美国首次代币发行的描述性分析
2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223270
Aparna Gupta, Jyothsna Harithsa, O. Seneviratne
{"title":"A Descriptive Analysis of US Initial Coin Offerings","authors":"Aparna Gupta, Jyothsna Harithsa, O. Seneviratne","doi":"10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223270","url":null,"abstract":"Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) are blockchain-based crowdfunding ventures to facilitate access to capital. Blockchain technology promises to solve many present-day problems, however, in the past three years, a diminished crypto-currency activity and fraudulent undertakings have raised some concerns. Using a novel, hand-collected dataset, we study a range of characteristics of US-based ICO tokens, starting with the first token launched in 2015 till December 2019. The price of ICO tokens was at its highest in 2017, followed by a sharp decline in 2018 and a slow recovery since. Presence of Know-Your-Customer (KYC) and White-list due diligence procedures can be associated with an ICO receiving a higher rating from experts and a higher level of social media followers. On the other hand, an ICO’s utilization of an incentive program, such as offering bonuses and bounties, is associated with higher rating by experts, but a lower level of social media following. Following the 2018 cryptocurrency slump, teams have increased the percentage of tokens kept in lock-up to prevent large market supplies that result in a slump as before and to signal their long-term commitment to the project. ICOs’ ratings and prices show contradictory characteristics, where blockchain infrastructure, healthcare, and marketplace domain tokens attracted lowest prices while being rated the highest, whereas the converse was true for energy tokens.","PeriodicalId":315392,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121791259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Performance Diagnosis and Optimization for Hyperledger Fabric 超级账本结构的性能诊断与优化
2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223271
Shenbin Zhang, Song Hua, Bingfeng Pi, Jun Sun, K. Yamashita, Yoshihide Nomura
{"title":"Performance Diagnosis and Optimization for Hyperledger Fabric","authors":"Shenbin Zhang, Song Hua, Bingfeng Pi, Jun Sun, K. Yamashita, Yoshihide Nomura","doi":"10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223271","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperledger Fabric is a permissioned blockchain platform which can solve the trustless problems among enterprises. However, the limited transaction throughput prevents the further use of Fabric platform. The performance of Fabric network depends on many factors, such as network parameters, node numbers and hardware limitations. In order to improve the performance of runtime Fabric network, this paper proposed a solution for performance diagnosis and optimization. We conduct lots of performance testing and collect the analysis rules of performance bottleneck. For runtime network, we monitor the performance data, node resources and network parameters in real time. Then we diagnose the performance health and analyze the reasons which cause the bottleneck. Finally, we dynamically tune the network parameters to adapt the network environment. Besides, we provide some suggestions for network maintainer to improve the performance.","PeriodicalId":315392,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131486350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
An Evaluation of Gas Consumption Prediction on Ethereum based on Transaction History Summarization 基于交易历史汇总的以太坊Gas消耗预测评价
2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223288
Sarah Bouraga
{"title":"An Evaluation of Gas Consumption Prediction on Ethereum based on Transaction History Summarization","authors":"Sarah Bouraga","doi":"10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223288","url":null,"abstract":"The author uses data about transactions on Ethereum as sources for studying the relationship between the historic of transactions for a given address and the amount of gas consumed for a transaction. The author combines data about transactions, and blocks to predict the gas usage for a transaction. Specifically, how much gas will be consumed for the next transaction, given the initiator’s transaction history. The results demonstrate the value of considering the transaction history for gas usage predictions.","PeriodicalId":315392,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133705117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
3BI-ECC: a Decentralized Identity Framework Based on Blockchain Technology and Elliptic Curve Cryptography 3BI-ECC:基于区块链技术和椭圆曲线密码学的去中心化身份框架
2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223300
D. Maldonado-Ruiz, Jenny Torres, Nour El Madhoun
{"title":"3BI-ECC: a Decentralized Identity Framework Based on Blockchain Technology and Elliptic Curve Cryptography","authors":"D. Maldonado-Ruiz, Jenny Torres, Nour El Madhoun","doi":"10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223300","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the authentication protocols assume the existence of a Trusted Third Party (TTP) in the form of a Certificate Authority or as an authentication server. The main objective of this research is to present an autonomous solution where users could store their credentials, without depending on TTPs. For this, the use of an autonomous network is imperative, where users could use their uniqueness in order to identify themselves. We propose the framework “Three Blockchains Identity Management with Elliptic Curve Cryptography (3BI-ECC)”. Our proposed framework is a decentralize identity management system where users’ identities are self-generated.","PeriodicalId":315392,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132656131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Integration, Execution and Monitoring of Business Processes with Chaincode 用Chaincode集成、执行和监控业务流程
2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223283
Markus Schinle, Christina Erler, Philip Nicolai Andris, W. Stork
{"title":"Integration, Execution and Monitoring of Business Processes with Chaincode","authors":"Markus Schinle, Christina Erler, Philip Nicolai Andris, W. Stork","doi":"10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223283","url":null,"abstract":"The digitization of business processes makes it possible to automate and monitor their execution in real-time and thus to optimize them. However, for inter-organizational business processes the lack of trust and transparency between organizations makes it difficult to realize this potential. Distributed Ledger Technology addresses this issue by design, which makes it attractive as a platform for the execution of digitized inter-organizational business processes. In research, especially the mapping of standardized business process notations on smart contract definition languages is discussed recently, to ease the process development for different kinds of stakeholders. Within this work, we present an approach for the integration, execution and monitoring of modeled business processes based on Hyperledger Fabric’s chaincode. Our aim is the reduction of required knowledge about this framework for the integration of business processes in such systems. Therefore, we introduce a reverse translation approach to enable the monitoring of processes defined within a chaincode by providing BPMN 2.0 models, that specify business processes as graphical representations.","PeriodicalId":315392,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"269 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123486533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Fitting and Regression for Distributions of Ethereum Smart Contracts 以太坊智能合约分布的拟合与回归
2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223314
Maher Alharby, A. Moorsel
{"title":"Fitting and Regression for Distributions of Ethereum Smart Contracts","authors":"Maher Alharby, A. Moorsel","doi":"10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223314","url":null,"abstract":"To simulate blockchain systems as close to reality as possible, we need accurate estimates of the probability distribution of various variables. In this paper we obtain distributions for Ethereum smart contract transactions, with respect to Gas Limit, Used Gas, Gas Price and CPU Time. To determine these distributions we use publicly available Ethereum smart contract information, augmented with experimental data for over 300,000 smart contracts obtained on a test bed. We conclude that Gaussian Mixture Models are appropriate for distributions of smart contracts with respect to Used Gas and Gas Price, and use a uniform distribution for the distribution with respect to the Gas Limit. A correlation analysis shows that the CPU Time is strongly correlated with Used Gas and we therefore apply regression techniques to estimate the CPU Time conditioned on Used Gas. We experiment with three ensemble regression methods, namely Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Machine and Adaptive Boosting and conclude that Random Forest is both fast and accurate.","PeriodicalId":315392,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129936205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Financial Instruments Generation via Tokenization into Commodity 通过代币化生成商品的金融工具
2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223295
V. Davydov, Y. Yanovich
{"title":"Financial Instruments Generation via Tokenization into Commodity","authors":"V. Davydov, Y. Yanovich","doi":"10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BRAINS49436.2020.9223295","url":null,"abstract":"The diversification is a classic approach to reduce investor risks. Blockchain and smart contracts allow tokenizing heterogeneous assets into a commodity and open a new tool for it. The authors describe how to apply the approach to the various finance cases from peer-to-peer lending to real estate and leases, and theoretically estimate minimum token package size to ensure the given reliability parameter.","PeriodicalId":315392,"journal":{"name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114267145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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