{"title":"Nondestructive Measurement of Tomato Seedlings during Their Growth Based on Machine Vision","authors":"Ming Sun, Jibo Si, Dong An, Yaoguang Wei","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2006.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2006.34","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the most important technologies for plant growth modelling, the research of nondestructive measurement based on machine vision is of great significance in hastening development of digital agriculture. In this paper, we have given the example applied to nondestructive measurement of tomato seedlings during their growth in greenhouse. The leaf areas of tomato seedlings are obtained nondestructively by the nondestructive detection image capturing and image processing algorithm proposed. By analyzing the results between the machine vision based measurements and manual measurements, the best correlation coefficient of leaf areas is 0.9822, which shows that the algorithm can be used in nondestructive measurement of the tomato seedlings.","PeriodicalId":315124,"journal":{"name":"2006 Second International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling and Applications","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133962233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fitting the Truncated Bivariate Normal Distribution to the Relationship between Diameter and Length of Current-Year Shoots in Betula Platyphylla in Hokkaido, Northern Japan","authors":"K. Umeki, A. Sumida, T. Seino, Enmi Lim, T. Honjo","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2006.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2006.15","url":null,"abstract":"We fitted a truncated bivariate normal distribution to the relationship between diameter and length of current-year shoots in Betula platyphylla saplings, and examined the effects of light intensity at the branch tip and branch height on the relationship. We measured shoot length, diameter at the shoot base, light intensity at the branch tip, and branch height for all shoots on 49 sampled saplings. The relationship between shoot diameter and shoot length was almost linear with a positive intercept. The truncated bivariate normal distribution could describe the relationship of shoot diameter and shoot length none of which was an independent variable. The result of model fitting revealed that, given a shoot length, shoot diameter was larger for shoots that were located in higher positions in crowns and captured more light.","PeriodicalId":315124,"journal":{"name":"2006 Second International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling and Applications","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133305287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhu Yan, Liu Hui, Tang Liang, Tan Zihui, C. Guoqing, Cao Weixing
{"title":"Modeling Leaf Length Growth and Leaf Shape in Winter Wheat","authors":"Zhu Yan, Liu Hui, Tang Liang, Tan Zihui, C. Guoqing, Cao Weixing","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2006.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2006.47","url":null,"abstract":"A set of empirical equations for calculating the evolution of leaf length through thermal time taking into account leaf position in wheat plants and the nitrogen status of the leaf is presented. A set of equation describing the variation of lamina width along its length thus describing an important feature of leaf shape is also given. The descriptive model is calibrated and validated in field experiments with different nitrogen rates and winter wheat cultivars in two growing seasons. The model had a good performance in predicting leaf length growth, and should be useful for taking into account leaf length and leaf shape in models of wheat growth.","PeriodicalId":315124,"journal":{"name":"2006 Second International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling and Applications","volume":"99 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128007463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stable Foliage Cluster (FC), a Basic Unit of the Crown Structure of Tree Species and Its Application to Modeling of Tree and Forest Structure: Configuration of the FC Model","authors":"A. Sumida, K. Umeki","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2006.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2006.33","url":null,"abstract":"The \"foliage cluster (FC) model\" shows that the size (the amount of leaves, number of yearly shoots and total twig length), turnover time, and branching (i.e., forking) structure of a twig becomes stable in the top of the crown in an oak species by forming a \"stable FC\". A stable FC can be treated as a basic component of the crown structure and as an alternative to individual leaf or current-year shoot. The FC model is composed of several equations approximating the branching structure of twigs. Differences in size and branching morphology among twigs are represented by differences in values of the parameters of the equations. We described details of our analyses of data taken from real twigs and applied to the equations implemented in the FC model.","PeriodicalId":315124,"journal":{"name":"2006 Second International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling and Applications","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121271356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of 3D Structural Root Architecture Data of Trees Grown on Slopes","authors":"F. Danjon, D. Barker, M. Drexhage, A. Stokes","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2006.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2006.54","url":null,"abstract":"The root architecture of two Quercus alba growing on sloping ground was measured using 3D digitizing in situ. These detailed data were then incorporated into models of slope stability, showing how such data can be used to determine root reinforcement potential.","PeriodicalId":315124,"journal":{"name":"2006 Second International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling and Applications","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126802663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinxiang Chu, Zhongfu Sun, K. Du, Qian Jia, Ying-Chun Wang, Shuang Liu
{"title":"A Universal Web-Based Simulation System for Greenhouse Crops","authors":"Jinxiang Chu, Zhongfu Sun, K. Du, Qian Jia, Ying-Chun Wang, Shuang Liu","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2006.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2006.24","url":null,"abstract":"Referred to a process based model, with Web development tool and advanced object-oriented approach, a universal Web-based simulation system for greenhouse crops was developed, it can be accessed by users in different places by Internet exploring, which provides much convenient way to simulate the growth of greenhouse crops such as tomato, cucumber, etc. With the Web-based model, optimal environmental parameters in greenhouse can be estimated through the simulating system, and countermeasures of environment control and management for the greenhouse can be made more precisely according to these calculation.","PeriodicalId":315124,"journal":{"name":"2006 Second International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling and Applications","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128122363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Buck-Sorlin, R. Hemmerling, O. Kniemeyer, B. Burema, Winfried Kurth
{"title":"New Rule-Based Modelling Methods for Radiation and Object Avoidance in Virtual Plant Canopies","authors":"G. Buck-Sorlin, R. Hemmerling, O. Kniemeyer, B. Burema, Winfried Kurth","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2006.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2006.21","url":null,"abstract":"As an extension of the L-system formalism, relational growth grammars (RGG) can be expressed in the programming language XL, allowing for a transparent specification of structural botanical rules, dependency on the environment and process-based models, all in the same framework. We demonstrate this at simple models for growth under the constraints of object avoidance and sensitivity to radiation.","PeriodicalId":315124,"journal":{"name":"2006 Second International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling and Applications","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132148136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long Shoots in the Crowns of Maturing Silver Birch","authors":"A. Vehanen, P. Kaitaniemi","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2006.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2006.18","url":null,"abstract":"Three dimensional digitizing was used to examine the influence of both neighbouring trees and the target tree structure on the number and length of current long shoots in silver birch growing with different neighbour species. Long shoot length was found to increase from crown bottom to its top, and from high to low branching orders. Number of long shoots was highest with birch neighbours and lowest with alder, and it increased towards the crown top with all neighbour species. Silver birch was able to adjust its current growth as a response to neighbouring trees.","PeriodicalId":315124,"journal":{"name":"2006 Second International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling and Applications","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114870475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"View-Dependent Conifer LOD Models","authors":"Q. Deng, Xiaopeng Zhang, S. Gay, Xiangdong Lei","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2006.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2006.45","url":null,"abstract":"High compression of plant geometric data is an important aspect in fast rendering of a forest. Conifer trees are typical species, in which the number of leaves is so big that existing simplification processing is still time-consuming. In this paper, we present an efficient view-dependent algorithm to construct continuous level of detail models for coniferous foliage geometry. The models are defined with cylinder and line representations. At close distances, coniferous leaves are represented by cylinders, which are polygonized into prisms. With progressive increased distance, the cylinders will transform into lines, and for views even farther, fewer lines will be used to represent the crown by randomly sampling. Experiments show that our approach has three main advantages: smoothness of the transition between cylinder and line models, high realism for any views, and efficiency in data compression.","PeriodicalId":315124,"journal":{"name":"2006 Second International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling and Applications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134466535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Simulated Distribution of Soil Mineral Nitrogen and Root Traits on Wheat Yield and Grain Nitrogen Concentration","authors":"J. Haberle","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2006.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2006.50","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of different distribution of available mineral N (Nmin) in a soil profile, in combination with increasing N fertilization rates, on grain N concentration and yield of winter wheat was studied with the model CERES-wheat. A great proportion of Nmin in a deep subsoil under 90 cm resulted in enhancement of grain N concentration but at the expense of grain yield. Under a high total Nmin supply in rooted soil volume the effect was less. High N fertilization rates almost eliminated the effect of different Nmin distributions. The enhancement of root growth rate and maximum depth by 30% decreased significantly residual Nmin in deep subsoil when total Nmin was high. The modification had no impact on simulated grain N concentration but it increased yields, most remarkably when a great proportion of total Nmin could be found under 90 cm.","PeriodicalId":315124,"journal":{"name":"2006 Second International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling and Applications","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133607897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}