RADIOLOGIA最新文献

{"title":"Actualización de los tumores cartilaginosos según la clasificación de la OMS de 2020","authors":"S. Gomez-Pena ,&nbsp;A. Rueda de Eusebio ,&nbsp;J. Arrazola García ,&nbsp;P. Romero Fernández ,&nbsp;M.J. Moreno Casado ,&nbsp;A.M. Crespo Rodríguez","doi":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cartilaginous tumours are a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms characterised by the presence of a chondroid matrix, with lobular growth and arcuate, ring-like or popcorn-like calcification patterns. MRI shows hyperintensity in T2-weighted sequences and a lobulated or septal relief in postcontrast images.</p><p>In the WHO 2020 classification, chondral tumours are classified as benign, intermediate or malignant. Despite technological advances, they continue to pose a challenge for both the radiologist and the pathologist, being the main difficulty the differentiation between benign and malignant tumours, which is why they require a multidisciplinary approach.</p><p>This paper describes the main changes introduced in the 2020 update, describes the imaging characteristics of the main cartilaginous tumours and provides the radiological keys to differentiate between benign and malignant tumours.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31509,"journal":{"name":"RADIOLOGIA","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 57-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122835190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guía en redes sociales de radiología. ¿Hacia un nuevo paradigma en educación médica?","authors":"J.L. del Cura Rodríguez","doi":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.01.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The universally accepted system for the transmission of scientific knowledge in the field of medicine has long been grounded in scientific publications. Social networks can be a useful alternative or complementary method of transmitting this knowledge.</p><p>Social networks (e.g., Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, LinkedIn, YouTube, and TikTok) generate educational contents that enable quality training, despite their informality. Each of these networks has strengths and weaknesses that users should know about.</p><p>These platforms are free and allow for real-time discussion. They make it easy to incorporate content and to contact experts or access sources of knowledge directly. Aware of their influence, publishers have incorporated metrics to measure the impact of their articles in social networks (Altmetrics).</p><p>These networks should be incorporated into departmental training programs immediately. Nevertheless, navigating through social networks is complex, and the hashtag-based system of searching is inefficient, limiting their use in education.</p><p>Despite the informality of the knowledge generated on social networks, the importance of these networks as a source of knowledge is growing. Radiology departments must design a strategy for using social networks for education rather than for propaganda, creating well-organized focal groups that search for contents through systematic, filtered review of information, digital repositories, and review sessions and for sharing this knowledge both inside and outside the department. Departments must also implement a strategy for communicating through these networks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31509,"journal":{"name":"RADIOLOGIA","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 70-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127524573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Una bonita casualidad","authors":"C. García-Villar","doi":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31509,"journal":{"name":"RADIOLOGIA","volume":"66 1","pages":"Page 1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139302544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroporación irreversible: ampliando las fronteras de la ablación","authors":"R. Alonso-González ,&nbsp;J.M. Abadal Villayandre ,&nbsp;E. Gálvez Gonzalez ,&nbsp;M.J. Álvarez Perez ,&nbsp;S. Méndez Alonso ,&nbsp;M.A. de Gregorio Ariza","doi":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal tumor ablation technique. High-voltage electrical pulses are applied between pairs of electrodes inserted around and/or inside a tumor. The generated electric current induces the creation of nanopores in the cell membrane, triggering apoptosis. As a result, IRE can be safely used in areas near delicate vascular structures where other thermal ablation methods are contraindicated.</p><p>Currently, IRE has demonstrated to be a successful ablation technique for pancreatic, renal, and liver tumors and is widely used as a focal therapeutic option for prostate cancer.</p><p>The need for specific anesthetic management and accurate parallel placement of multiple electrodes entails a high level of complexity and great expertise from the interventional team is required. Nevertheless, IRE is a very promising technique with a remarkable systemic immunological capability and may impact on distant metastases (abscopal effect).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31509,"journal":{"name":"RADIOLOGIA","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 47-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122952183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prótesis mitral mecánica disfuncionante: cuando el trombo sobre pannus dificulta el diagnóstico","authors":"A.I. Barrio Alonso ,&nbsp;R.Y. López Suarez ,&nbsp;R. Álvarez Cabo ,&nbsp;E. Ríos Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.rx.2022.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rx.2022.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prosthetic valve obstruction is a rare but potentially lethal complication. The most frequent causes are thrombus and pannus formation, in the absence of infectious data. Diagnosis is not always easy using cardiac CT scanning and in 46-85% of cases thrombus and pannus coexist, complicating the diagnosis. A rapid diagnosis is essential to avoid a fatal outcome of this pathology whose mortality, despite correct treatment, is high.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31509,"journal":{"name":"RADIOLOGIA","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 90-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127219451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Los profesores de radiodiagnóstico en pregrado","authors":"J.M. Carreira Villamor ,&nbsp;M.A. Zabalza Beraza","doi":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The international literature on university teaching, has insisted on the need to combine a double component in the professional profile of teachers: <em>content knowledge</em> and <em>pedagogical content knowledge</em>.</p><p>Regarding the <em>content</em>, the area of knowledge of Radiology and Physical Medicine is made up of different medical specialties, among which are Radiodiagnosis, Nuclear Medicine, Radiation Oncology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. On the other hand, the pedagogical content knowledge is framed by framework that the Bologna Declaration (1999).</p><p>Focusing on Radiodiagnosis, the ideal candidates must be professionals in this medical specialty, vocational teachers and people who find in the undergraduate teaching process an opportunity to transmit their knowledge, experiences and values in an entertaining and understandable way for students who are incorporated into medical knowledge.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31509,"journal":{"name":"RADIOLOGIA","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 94-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130713023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lesiones inflamatorias del troncoencéfalo: claves diagnósticas en RM","authors":"C. García de Andoin Sojo,&nbsp;J.J. Gómez Muga,&nbsp;I. Aza Martínez,&nbsp;L. Antón Méndez,&nbsp;R. Fornell Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for the most common inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases that involve the brainstem.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Inflammatory lesions involving the brainstem are associated with a wide range of autoimmune, infectious, and paraneoplastic syndromes, making the differential diagnosis complex. Being familiar with these entities, their clinical characteristics, and their manifestations on MRI, particularly the number of lesions, their shape and extension, and their appearance in different sequences, is useful for orienting the radiological diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31509,"journal":{"name":"RADIOLOGIA","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 32-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130644424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Características operativas de la ecografía en el diagnóstico del Síndrome de Sjögren","authors":"D. Guavita-Navarro ,&nbsp;C. Ibáñez ,&nbsp;J. Cajamarca-Barón ,&nbsp;D.E. Avendaño Rodríguez ,&nbsp;J.L. Torres-Castiblanco ,&nbsp;A.B. Villamizar Barahona ,&nbsp;H.D. Burbano Burbano ,&nbsp;A. Escobar Trujillo ,&nbsp;J.F. Polo ,&nbsp;A. Rojas-Villarraga","doi":"10.1016/j.rx.2022.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rx.2022.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><p>To determine the operational characteristics of salivary gland ultrasound (SGU) in the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in a population of colombian patients with dry symptoms.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Study of diagnostic tests in patients with dry symptoms who consecutively attended the rheumatology consultation (2018-2020). Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained through a survey, paraclinical and ophthalmological tests, minor salivary gland biopsy, unstimulated salivary flow and SGU (score 0-6 based on De Vita) were done. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values (Stata 15®) were calculated. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was developed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>102 patients were included (34 SS and 68 non-SS), mean age 55.69 (± 11.93) years, 94% women. Positive ultrasound (score of 2 or more) was more frequent in the SS group, (70.6% vs. 22.1%, <em>P</em>&lt;.0001). The sensitivity was the same for grade 2 and 3 (70.59%), with a higher specificity (89.71%) for grade 3 (PPV 77.42% NPV 85.92). The ROC curve from the sum of the glands by means of ultrasound was better than those of the independent glands. The ROC curve of the ultrasound presented a greater area under the curve (0.72 [0.61-0.82]) than that of the histological analysis (focus score) (0.68 [0.59-0.78]), <em>P</em>=.0252.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Salivary gland ultrasound is a useful and reliable method for the classification of SS. Its use could be considered in the future within the SS classification criteria.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31509,"journal":{"name":"RADIOLOGIA","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 13-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128298918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implantación de un protocolo de angio-TC coronaria basado en el índice de masa corporal: reducción de dosis, calidad de imagen y rendimiento diagnóstico","authors":"H. Cuellar-Calabria ,&nbsp;G. Burcet ,&nbsp;M.S. Juarez-Garcia ,&nbsp;J.L. Reyes-Juárez ,&nbsp;M.N. Pizzi ,&nbsp;S. Aguadé-Bruix ,&nbsp;A. Roque","doi":"10.1016/j.rx.2022.01.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rx.2022.01.016","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;To evaluate the relation between the coronary calcium score and the posterior choice of kilovoltage according to radiologists’ criteria in a standard coronary CT angiography protocol to rule out coronary disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To quantify the reduction in ionizing radiation after linking kilovoltage to patients’ body mass index in a low-dose protocol with iterative model reconstruction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To evaluate the image quality and diagnostic performance of the low-dose protocol.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Material and methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;We compared anthropometric characteristics, calcium score, kilovoltage levels, size-specific dose estimates (SSDE), and the dose-length product (DLP) between a group of 50 patients who were prospectively recruited to undergo coronary CT angiography with a low-dose protocol and a historical group of 50 patients who underwent coronary CT angiography with the standard protocol. We correlated these parameters, the number of coronary segments that could not be evaluated with and without temporal padding, the attenuation, and the signal-to-noise ratio in the ascending aorta in the low-dose protocol with excellent imaging quality according to a semiquantitative scale. To calculate the diagnostic performance per patient, we used 24-month clinical follow-up including all tests as the gold standard.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the standard protocol, the presence of coronary calcium correlated with the selection of high kilovoltage (P&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.02); this correlation was not found in the low-dose protocol (P&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.47). Median values of SSDE and DLP were significantly (P&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.001) lower and less dispersed in the low-dose protocol [9.22 mGy (IQR 7.84-12.1 mGy) vs. 26.5 mGy (IQR 21.3-36.3 mGy) in the standard protocol] and [97&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mGy*cm (IQR 78-134&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mGy*cm) vs. 253&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mGy*cm (IQR 216-404&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mGy*cm) in the standard protocol], respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The overall quality of the images obtained with the low-dose protocol was considered good or excellent in 96% of the studies. The parameters associated with image quality in a multivariable model (C statistic&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.792) were heart rate (estimated coefficient, -0,12 [95% confidence interval: -0.2, -0.04]; P&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.01) and the SSDE (estimated coefficient, -0,26 [95% confidence interval: -0.51, -0.01]; P&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The CAD-RADS modifier for a not fully evaluable or diagnostic study was used on two occasions (4%); the final measures for the diagnosis of coronary disease were sensitivity 100%, specificity 94%, and efficacy 94%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the standard protocol, the radiologist selects higher kilovoltage for CT angiography studies for patients whose previous calcium score indicates the presence of coronary calcium. In the low-dose protocol, linking kilovoltage with body mass index enables the dose of radiation to be reduced by 65% while obtain","PeriodicalId":31509,"journal":{"name":"RADIOLOGIA","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 2-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139419343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alteraciones pulmonares persistentes tras 18 meses de neumonía por SARS-CoV-2","authors":"C. Valenzuela ,&nbsp;L. de la Fuente ,&nbsp;S. Hernández ,&nbsp;M.J. Olivera ,&nbsp;C. Molina ,&nbsp;N. Montes ,&nbsp;C. Benavides ,&nbsp;P. Caballero","doi":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rx.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe persistent pulmonary abnormalities detected on HRCT after 18<!--> <!-->months of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, and to determine their extension and correlation with pulmonary function.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>A prospective cross-sectional study with an initial cohort of 90 patients in follow-up due to persisting lung abnormalities on imaging, functional respiratory impairment and/or respiratory symptoms. Of these, 31 (34%) were selected for analysis due to the persistence of their lung abnormalities on HRCT at 18 months after infection. A double reading was performed for each HRCT (62 observations).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 31 patients included: 20 (65%) were men; mean age was 67<!--> <!-->years; 17 (55%) were smokers/ex-smokers. The mean hospitalisation time was 38<!--> <!-->days. Eighteen (58%) patients were admitted to intensive care units. Five patients (16%) suffered an acute pulmonary thromboembolism and three (9.7%) had a pneumothorax. The mean time between the onset of pneumonia and the follow-up HRCT was 20.34 months. Extension of total pulmonary abnormalities, ground-glass opacities and reticulation was 19%, 12% and 4.5% respectively. The findings of the 62 readings were: ground-glass opacities (100%), reticulation (83%), subpleural curvilinear lines (62%), parenchymal bands (34%), traction bronchiectasis (69%), displacement of vessels/fissures (46%) and honeycombing (4.9%). Pulmonary function 18<!--> <!-->months after the acute episode revealed a mean FVC of 92% of predicted value, with an FVC &lt;<!--> <!-->80% of predicted value in 11 patients (35.4%). Mean DLCO was 71% of predicted value, with a DLCO &lt;<!--> <!-->80% in 22 patients (70%). We observed a statistically significant relationship between total extension of abnormalities on HRCT and FVC (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->.05), and a trend towards statistical significance with DLCO (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.051); there was a statistically significant relationship between the presence of ground-glass opacities and FEV1/FVC (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->.01). The relationships between reticulation and FVC, FVC%, FEV1, FEV1% and DLCO% were also considered statistically significant (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Persistent interstitial lung abnormalities are seen on HRCT for a subset of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Seventy percent of these patients suffered a slight decrease in DLCO.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31509,"journal":{"name":"RADIOLOGIA","volume":"66 ","pages":"Pages S47-S56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138989720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}