Theory Methodology Practice最新文献

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Identification of Risks to the Achievement of Climate Neutrality Targets - in Order to Audit the Riskiest Branches of the Hungarian Economy 识别实现气候中和目标的风险-以便审计匈牙利经济中风险最大的部门
Theory Methodology Practice Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18096/tmp.2021.03.07
G. Pulay
{"title":"Identification of Risks to the Achievement of Climate Neutrality Targets - in Order to Audit the Riskiest Branches of the Hungarian Economy","authors":"G. Pulay","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2021.03.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2021.03.07","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, considered to be the main cause of global warming, is one of the greatest challenges of our time. The implementation of new practices is assisted by the supreme audit institutions, among them the State Audit Office of Hungary, with advice based on their audits. Auditing is effective when it is carried out in the areas most at risk of failing the objective. The SAO's experts have developed a method for identifying the branches of the national economy the most at risk in terms of reducing GHG emissions. The essence of this method, the developed logical probability model and the results of the calculations are presented in this article.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67681310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Linking smart city concepts to urban resilience 将智慧城市概念与城市韧性联系起来
Theory Methodology Practice Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18096/TMP.2021.01.04
Z. Nagy, Dóra Szendi, T. Szép
{"title":"Linking smart city concepts to urban resilience","authors":"Z. Nagy, Dóra Szendi, T. Szép","doi":"10.18096/TMP.2021.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/TMP.2021.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, ten cities from the Visegrad countries are compared applying cross-sectional data (from the year 2015). After the standardization process of the involved 11 indicators, their adaptive capacity is measured by resilient index that we developed and a rank is created. This index is formed by three components (demographic, social-economic and spatial-environmental resilience components). Significant differences were revealed related to the adaptive capacity of the examined settlements. In spite of the fact that the capitals of the Visegrad countries are the most resilient cities from an economic perspective, their results are around or below the average regarding their demographic and spatial-environmental components. This indicates that the economic success of a city does not necessarily imply greater resilience: being an economically successful city is a necessary but not sufficient condition for being a resilient city.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"17 1","pages":"31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67681395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Trade impacts of the New Silk Road in Africa: Insight from Neural Networks Analysis 新丝绸之路对非洲贸易的影响:来自神经网络分析的洞察
Theory Methodology Practice Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18096/tmp.2021.03.02
Dumor Koffi, Komlan Gbongli
{"title":"Trade impacts of the New Silk Road in Africa: Insight from Neural Networks Analysis","authors":"Dumor Koffi, Komlan Gbongli","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2021.03.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2021.03.02","url":null,"abstract":"The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is aimed to strengthen the preferential reciprocal trade between China and the Belt-Road nations. Quantitative evaluations of BRI to determine whether it can explicitly provide more insight into China’s bilateral trade among its partners are needed. Hence, improving prediction accuracy while using more superior algorithms for sustainable decision-making remains essential since decision-makers have been interested in predicting the future. Machine learning algorithms, such as supervised artificial neural networks (ANN), outperform several econometric procedures in predictions; therefore, they are potentially powerful techniques to evaluate BRI. This study uses detailed China’s bilateral export data from 1990 to 2017 to analyze and evaluate the impact of BRI on bilateral trade using gravity model estimations and ANN analysis techniques. The finding suggests that China’s bilateral export flow among the BRI countries results in a slight increase in inter-regional trade. The study provides a comparison view on the different estimation procedures of the gravity model – ordinary least squares (OLS) and Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML) with the ANN. The ANN associated with fixed country effects reveals a more accurate estimation compared to a baseline model and with country-year fixed effects. Contrarily, the OLS estimator and PPML showed mixed results. Grounded on the study dataset, the ANN estimation of the gravity equation was superior over the other procedures to explain the variability of the dependent variable (export) regarding the prediction accuracy using root mean squared error (RMSE) and R-square.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67681184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Fiscal Stability and Macroeconomic Environment in Nigeria: A Further Assessment 尼日利亚的财政稳定和宏观经济环境:进一步评估
Theory Methodology Practice Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18096/tmp.2021.03.05
Bashir Olayinka Kolawole
{"title":"Fiscal Stability and Macroeconomic Environment in Nigeria: A Further Assessment","authors":"Bashir Olayinka Kolawole","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2021.03.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2021.03.05","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the relationship between fiscal stability and macroeconomic environment in Nigeria using time series data covering the period 1981-2019. As Nigeria’s debt appears excessive amid macroeconomic imbalance, different concerns are raised about the capacity of the government to repay the debt. In this regard, several studies are conducted on the sustainability of the country’s debt. But then, as a long-run analysis, assessment of debt sustainability is prone to considerable uncertainty and large margins of error. Thus, the relevance and need for a short-run analysis which serves as the basis for assessing fiscal stability. In the process, while multiple structural breaks are revealed in the total revenue, exchange rate, and total debt series, a feedback causal-effect is affirmed between fiscal stability and interest rate. Consequently, the short-run analysis establishes negative impacts from each of debt and exchange rate, as against positive effect from revenue on fiscal stability. As such, given a mixed relationship between fiscal stability and certain macroeconomic factors, an improved revenue collection is suggested with reduction in borrowing.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67681299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Technology Acceptance Model in an Environmental and Organizational Context (evidence from Kazakhstan) 环境和组织背景下的技术接受模型(来自哈萨克斯坦的证据)
Theory Methodology Practice Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18096/tmp.2021.02.01
Aigul Y. Aigul
{"title":"Technology Acceptance Model in an Environmental and Organizational Context (evidence from Kazakhstan)","authors":"Aigul Y. Aigul","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2021.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2021.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of the environmental and organizational moderators on farmers’ e-commerce adoption behaviour. Data were collected from 384 wheat farmers in Kazakhstan. Descriptive analysis and multiple group analysis findings revealed that environmental (i.e. government) and organizational moderators had an insignificant effect on the relationship of the dependent variables (between behavioural intention and usage behaviour). However, there is a positive impact of the environmental (i.e. government) and organizational moderators on the relationship between the independent variables (Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Social Influence, Facilititating Conditions, Compatibility) and dependent variable (behavioural intention).","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67681457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of Industry 4.0 on the processes of social innovation 工业4.0对社会创新过程的影响
Theory Methodology Practice Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18096/TMP.2021.01.01
Sándor Karajz
{"title":"The impact of Industry 4.0 on the processes of social innovation","authors":"Sándor Karajz","doi":"10.18096/TMP.2021.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/TMP.2021.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Our previous research into this topic has proved that technical developments significantly affect processes and effectiveness of social innovation. The current process of this development is called Industry 4.0. The first part of the study deals with industrial evolutions and the process of Industry 4.0 is interpreted. The second part of the study presents national and international examples and good practices in order to examine the relationship between digitalisation and social innovation. The results of Industry 4.0 reveal that there is an increasing number of solutions for social innovation that are based on digitalisation and automation. The current digital revolution is radically changing societies and opening up new opportunities for social innovation. Industry 4.0 results in social innovation solutions that use artificial intelligence to improve and optimise processes.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"17 1","pages":"3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67681328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Student perception and the efficacy of universities in shaping the entrepreneurial mindset 学生的认知和大学在塑造创业心态方面的功效
Theory Methodology Practice Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18096/TMP.2021.01.07
Andrea S. Gubik, Z. Bartha
{"title":"Student perception and the efficacy of universities in shaping the entrepreneurial mindset","authors":"Andrea S. Gubik, Z. Bartha","doi":"10.18096/TMP.2021.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/TMP.2021.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"Modern universities may play a significant role in entrepreneurial ecosystems by boosting the entrepreneurial activity of the region. One way to achieve this is through entrepreneurship education. In this study we suggest that one reason why entrepreneurship education has a weak impact on entrepreneurial activity is that the effect of courses and extracurricular programmes depends on how students perceive the entrepreneurial activity. We use the 2018 GUESSS database, which includes 9,667 answers for Hungary, to develop a general linear model. The model suggests that students’ entrepreneurial intentions, attitudes toward entrepreneurship, self-efficacy, social norms, as well as the university, and the field of study all have a small but statistically significant impact on how students perceive the entrepreneurial ecosystem within the university. Our conclusion is that more emphasis on shaping attitudes and arousing student interest can increase the efficiency of entrepreneurship education.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"17 1","pages":"65-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67681446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Critical Review of the Characteristics of Presumptive Tax Systems in Developing Countries 对发展中国家假定税收制度特征的批判性评论
Theory Methodology Practice Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18096/tmp.2021.03.03
M. Duve, D. Schutte
{"title":"A Critical Review of the Characteristics of Presumptive Tax Systems in Developing Countries","authors":"M. Duve, D. Schutte","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2021.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2021.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the effect of the presumptive tax system characteristics on the tax compliance behaviour of small businesses in developing countries. Since the concept of presumptive taxation involves several features influencing the formalisation of small businesses, this paper seeks to survey three key areas of literature: targeted taxpayers, thresholds and timeframe. This paper differs fundamentally from previous studies in that it analyses presumptive tax system characteristics. A descriptive review approach was followed in evaluating the empirical literature on presumptive tax system characteristics. A content analysis was then performed on literature about categories and subcategories provided in the classification framework. The review highlights similarities and conflicting evidence of presumptive tax system characteristics in transforming the compliance behaviour of small businesses. It was concluded that the blended use of information technology and existing presumptive tax systems can facilitate the movement of small businesses from the informal to the formal sector.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67681256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Panic Buying in Hungary During Covid-19 Pandemic Covid-19大流行期间匈牙利的恐慌性购买
Theory Methodology Practice Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18096/tmp.2021.02.06
Tamás Sikos T., Vanda Papp, A. Kovács
{"title":"Panic Buying in Hungary During Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Tamás Sikos T., Vanda Papp, A. Kovács","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2021.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2021.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines buyers’ behavior in Hungary during COVID -19 pandemic based on a non-representative online questionnaire that was carried out during the time of lockdown in Hungary in March 2020. We would like to find out whether there was really accumulation of goods, and if so, which product ranges were involved. How did the outbreak of COVID-19 change shopping behavior? In which direction did it move and could retail trade react to the unexpected, rapid challenge of going online? Can the respondents be identified with the traditional buying behaviour pattern and can it be typified with it? In our study we provide an overview of the anomalies detected in the Hungarian “panic buying” concerning shopping frequency, spending and product avoidance. First, we introduce the main behavioral patterns of shoppers during the “panic buying period” in Hungary, then we draft different types of customers. Second, we highlight some statistically significant relations with regional aspects. Here connections are identified between shopping frequency, spending, stock piling and the places of residency of the surveyed people. Third, we categorised customers into five groups with cluster analysis. The main cluster forming differences are the altered sense of well-being and the attitude differences in stock piling.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67681133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The waste management sector of Hungary 匈牙利的废物管理部门
Theory Methodology Practice Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18096/tmp.2021.02.04
K. Lipták, Andrea S. Gubik, Á. Horváth, M. Kis-Orloczki
{"title":"The waste management sector of Hungary","authors":"K. Lipták, Andrea S. Gubik, Á. Horváth, M. Kis-Orloczki","doi":"10.18096/tmp.2021.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18096/tmp.2021.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the waste management sector faces a number of challenges. Changes in consumer habits generate huge amounts of industrial and household waste. Today’s trends, which involve a higher use of critical raw materials, such as in the manufacture of batteries and solar cells, make it urgent to extract valuable raw materials from waste. The waste sector as a whole, taking into consideration all levels of the waste hierarchy (prevention, reuse, recycling, energy recovery, landfilling), is a significant branch of the national economy, both in terms of employment and income-generating capacity. In addition, the sector can be considered a major intermediary in industrial value chains as it contributes to the generation of secondary raw materials that can be sold to industries and thus help to achieve a circular economy through the collection, treatment and processing of waste.","PeriodicalId":31458,"journal":{"name":"Theory Methodology Practice","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67681052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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