Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective最新文献

South-to-South and Donor-driven Diffusion in Sub-Saharan Africa 南对南和捐助者推动的撒哈拉以南非洲传播

Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0007

Brian Wampler, Stephanie L. McNulty, Michael Touchton

引用次数: 0

Parallel Paths to Local Democracy in Asia 亚洲地方民主的平行路径

Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0005

Brian Wampler, Stephanie L. McNulty, Michael Touchton

{"title":"Parallel Paths to Local Democracy in Asia","authors":"Brian Wampler, Stephanie L. McNulty, Michael Touchton","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive experimentation with new democratic institutions took place in Asia across the 1980s and 1990s, but PB only formally arrived at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The spread of PB across Asia thus stems from democratic impulses to empower citizens in new democracies. This chapter focuses on three countries—South Korea, the Philippines, Indonesia—to illuminate key trends in the region. The chapter shows that a small number of local governments initially adopted “PB-like” programs. Positive evaluations of these programs then spurred national governments to mandate PB to incorporate large segments of the population in public decision-making. An additional focus, toward the end of this chapter, is the expansion of PB to China because it helps to illuminate how the malleability of PB’s rules enables local governments to implement the program in authoritarian contexts; the use of PB by authoritarian governments is one of the most controversial issues facing PB today. The cases from Asia reviewed in this chapter offer the promise of social and political change. However, the limitations on evidence means that enough information about these programs’ specific impacts is still lacking.","PeriodicalId":314567,"journal":{"name":"Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126310076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theorizing PB’s Effects on Individuals and Communities PB对个人和社区影响的理论化

Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0003

Brian Wampler, Stephanie L. McNulty, Michael Touchton

{"title":"Theorizing PB’s Effects on Individuals and Communities","authors":"Brian Wampler, Stephanie L. McNulty, Michael Touchton","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter develops an original “theory of change” that connects PB programs to three community-level outcomes: the promotion of accountability, expansion of civil society, and improvements in well-being. To explain the variation in outcomes, this explanatory framework includes macro-level (political context, decentralization, economic conditions) and meso-level (government support, configuration of civil society, state capacity) factors that condition PB programs’ impacts. The discussion then moves beyond the macro and meso to drill down to “variation in program design.” The chapter identifies several rules (scale/level of adoption, presence of social justice rules, program emphasis on social inclusion, vote rules, and oversight process) that significantly influence the outcomes that PB programs produce. Thus, this chapter illuminates how variation in the macro, meso, and PB design rules condition and constrain the types of outcomes associated with PB. The chapter concludes by linking the theory of change to the PB Types (introduced in Chapter 1) to theorize how each PB program type is likely to be associated with distinct impacts.","PeriodicalId":314567,"journal":{"name":"Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115282913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Re-engaging Citizens in Europe and North America 在欧洲和北美重新吸引公民

Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0006

Brian Wampler, Stephanie L. McNulty, Michael Touchton

{"title":"Re-engaging Citizens in Europe and North America","authors":"Brian Wampler, Stephanie L. McNulty, Michael Touchton","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"The spread of PB in the North Atlantic region (Europe, the United States, and Canada) is taking place as citizen apathy, declining trust, social exclusion, and growing inequalities spread in these wealthier democracies. By 2016, major cities such as New York City, Paris, Madrid, Barcelona, Lisbon, Chicago, Boston, Seattle, Toronto, and Seville adopted some form of PB. The national governments in Poland and Portugal now mandate some form of PB. The authors see significant institutional innovation in these PB processes as PB’s original rules have been reimagined to address different types of problems. New York City and Chicago initiated their PB programs at sub-municipal levels. Paris, Madrid, and Barcelona had adapted their PB programs to strongly emphasize online participation. At the broadest level, PB in Europe and North America is more heavily geared toward civic education and community empowerment than toward the redistribution of spending priorities. In some place PB remains a democratic institution that retains some of the radical features of the first wave but it is also a policymaking tool in other places, designed to generate government efficiencies. Most importantly, most programs retain the radical idea that a wide variety of citizens, especially those from politically weaker and more marginalized groups, should be directly involved in decision-making.","PeriodicalId":314567,"journal":{"name":"Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131319868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conclusion: The Frontiers of PB 结论:PB的前沿

Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0008

Brian Wampler, Stephanie L. McNulty, Michael Touchton

引用次数: 0

The Global Adoption of PB PB的全球采用

Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0002

Brian Wampler, Stephanie L. McNulty, Michael Touchton

引用次数: 0

Where It All Began 一切开始的地方

Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0004

Brian Wampler, Stephanie L. McNulty, Michael Touchton

{"title":"Where It All Began","authors":"Brian Wampler, Stephanie L. McNulty, Michael Touchton","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192897756.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Latin America is PB’s birthplace and the region where it was first widely adopted. PB currently exists in almost every country of this region of the world. This chapter documents PB development in Brazil, its spread from Brazil to other countries as well as PB’s transformation since the 1990s, when it changed from a social justice program to a policy tool that promotes citizen empowerment and community mobilization. Latin America also led the way with the first mandated programs, as Peru’s national government was the first country in the world to require that all subnational governments adopt PB. Latin American PB programs are among the most studied in the world, which means that solid research findings identify when and where PB produces significant social and political change. Most importantly, there are many comparative, longitudinal, and large-N studies from Brazil that demonstrate that PB is generating positive change. But, research on other countries, such as Peru and Mexico, suggest that PB’s impact is much weaker in those countries. The chapter provides a summary of the rich body of evidence that has emerged since 1989, and describes PB in Brazil, Peru, El Salvador, and Mexico.","PeriodicalId":314567,"journal":{"name":"Participatory Budgeting in Global Perspective","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128804181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0