Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna最新文献

{"title":"La insoportable carga de Leviathan. Deuda pública y alivio fiscal de los vasallos en el reinado de Carlos II = Leviathan’s Unbearable Burden. Public Debt and Fiscal Relief of the Vassals in the Reign of Carlos II","authors":"R. Sánchez","doi":"10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.27554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.27554","url":null,"abstract":"La decadencia del imperio espanol durante el siglo XVII ha estado vinculada a un creciente descontrol fiscal y financiero de la hacienda estatal. No obstante, venimos asistiendo a una profunda renovacion de esta imagen pesimista y finalista. Nuestro objetivo es valorar esta renovacion a partir de dos elementos claves: la gestion de la deuda publica y la politica fiscal. Concluimos que la hacienda de los ultimos Austrias, y en especial del reinado de Carlos II, no solo ofrecieron soluciones para un problema coyuntural, sino que con ellas se sentaron las bases de una particular politica fiscal, que se podria resumir como de «alivio de vasallos» y cuya vigencia se prolongo en el tiempo y estuvo presente en el siglo XVIII. Abstract The decadence of Spain’s empire during the seventeenth century has always been put down to an unbridled financial system. This pessimistic and doctrinaire view has recently been thoroughly rethought, however. Our objective here is to look at this new view from two key variables: the management of public debt and fiscal policy. We conclude that the financial system of the last Habsburgs, especially in Charles II’s reign, not only came up with solutions to the problems of the time but also laid down the bases for a particular fiscal policy, which could be summed up as «alivio de vasallos» (easing of the tax burden), lingering on throughout the whole eighteenth century. Finanzas estatales; Fiscalidad; Prestamos para la guerra; Formacion del Estado; Siglo XVII; Espana; Carlos II = State finances; tax system, war loans; state formation; seventeenth century; historiography; Spain","PeriodicalId":31417,"journal":{"name":"Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna","volume":"1 1","pages":"65-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47857702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"«Con lágrimas de nuestros corazones». El rescate de cautivos en una redención mercedaria del siglo XVIII = The Order of Mercy and the Ransoming of Captives. Stakeholders and Economic Dynamics in a 18th Century Redemption","authors":"M. Bosco","doi":"10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.22197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.22197","url":null,"abstract":"El presente articulo se enmarca en el dinamico debate sobre la esclavitud y el comercio de cautivos en el Mediterraneo de la epoca moderna. Apresados por los corsarios, miles de esclavos cristianos eran llevados a tierra de Islam y viceversa, empleados en trabajos forzosos, como remeros en las galeras, vendidos a particulares o bien eran destinados al rescate: en este caso, mercaderes especializados, institutos caritativos u ordenes religiosas se encargaban de recaudar dinero para conseguir su rescate. En los reinos de la Monarquia iberica, esta tarea era desempenada –y casi monopolizada– por las ordenes de la Santisima Trinidad y de Nuestra Senora de la Merced. En el presente ensayo se analiza en particular la actividad redentora de los Mercedarios, su labor de rescate de cautivos, la financiacion y desarrollo practico de las misiones de redencion, entre logros y fracasos, mediante el analisis de un ejemplo concreto: una redencion de cautivos efectuada por los frailes de la Merced en la ciudad de Argel a principio del siglo XVIII. Abstract This article joins the general and dynamic debate upon slavery and captives’ trade in the Early Modern Mediterranean. Captured by corsairs, thousands of Christian slaves were taken to Islamic territories and vice-versa, employed in forced labour, as rowers in the galleys, sold to private slave-owners or destined to be rescued as well: in this case, specialized merchants, charity institutes or religious Orders were put in charge of collecting money to pay their ransom. In the reigns of the Iberian Monarchy, this task was carried out and almost monopolized by the religious orders of the Saint Trinity and Our Lady of Mercy. The present essay analyses in particular the redemptive activity of the Mercedarians, their work in the rescue of captives, the financing and practical development of redemption missions, made up of both achievements and failures, thanks to the analysis of a concrete example: the specific case-study is a redemption of captives carried out by the friars of Mercy in Algiers at the beginning of the 18th century.","PeriodicalId":31417,"journal":{"name":"Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna","volume":"1 1","pages":"213-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43512987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La Inquisición en España en textos de viajeros alemanes del siglo XVIII = The Spanish Inquisition According to Several Texts by German Travellers of the 18th Century","authors":"Hiltrud Friederich-Stegmann","doi":"10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.23937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.23937","url":null,"abstract":"En este articulo se aborda el rastro de la Inquisicion espanola en varios textos de viajeros alemanes del siglo XVIII. A pesar de haber sido casi ignorado por la historiografia alemana sobre el Santo Oficio, en estos libros de viajes se puede encontrar numerosas referencias que recogen no solo evidencias sobre distintos casos, sino que aportan tambien informacion sobre la mirada desde la que dichos viajeros contemplaron la actuacion de un Tribunal que se aproximaba a su fin. A los asuntos tratados, que incluyen uno de los mas celebres de entonces, el procesamiento de Pablo de Olavide, se anade como anexo una lista de 38 alemanes y suizos procesados por el Santo Oficio en el siglo XVIII. Abstract This article is about the Spanish Inquisition as it was regarded in several texts by German travellers during the 18th century. Although they were all but ignored in German studies about the Holy Office, these books contain numerous references not only to the various cases involved, but also about how the travellers assessed the workings of the Trinbunal as it was nearing its end. Apart from the various cases cited, including the trial of Pablo de Olavide, which was one of the most famous of that time, we include also a list of 38 German and Swiss citizens indicted by the Holy Office in the 18th century.","PeriodicalId":31417,"journal":{"name":"Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna","volume":"1 1","pages":"347-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44567944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Léger Félicité Sonthonax en A Coruña: affaire monetario y conflicto diplomático franco-español (1797-1798) = Léger Félicité Sonthonax in Corunna: Monetary Affaire and Spanish-French Diplomatic Conflict (1797-98)","authors":"F. Ares","doi":"10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.23077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.23077","url":null,"abstract":"Esta investigación detalla las vicisitudes de la comisión de la Asamblea Francesa encabezada por L.F. Sonthonax que fue detenida por la acusación de distribución de moneda falsa en el puerto gallego de A Coruña en 1797, cuando se encontraba en el viaje de retorno a Francia desde la isla de Santo Domingo. El estudio de este caso nos permite conocer los detalles de la sociabilidad urbana en torno a la moneda falsa, los mecanismos de control y ejecución de la monarquía ante tales delitos, y las formas de actuación ante un conflicto diplomático en un periodo sensible de las relaciones franco-españolas, así como algunos aspectos de la personalidad de los individuos involucrados.Abstract The aim of this research is to clarify the circumstances around the French Commission of Santo Domingo leaded by L. F. Sonthonax and arrested in the port city of Corunna (Spain) between 1797 and 1798. This case study provides information on many historical issues as urban sociability around counterfeit money, the Spanish Crown mechanisms of control, the problem-solving dynamics on Spanish-French diplomatic relations, and the character of some prominent individuals involved.","PeriodicalId":31417,"journal":{"name":"Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89598145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reseña de: Rosa María Alabrús Iglesias: Razones y emociones femeninas. Hipólita de Rocabertí y las monjas catalanas del Barroco","authors":"Carlos Martínez Shaw","doi":"10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.27674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.27674","url":null,"abstract":"Resena de: Rosa Maria Alabrus Iglesias: Razones y emociones femeninas. Hipolita de Rocaberti y las monjas catalanas del Barroco, Madrid, Catedra, 2019, 272 pp, ISBN: 9788437640600.","PeriodicalId":31417,"journal":{"name":"Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna","volume":"1 1","pages":"421-424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43988961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reseña de: Fernández Albaladejo, Palbo Restigios. Ensayos varios de historiografía, 1976-2016","authors":"J. Torres","doi":"10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.27678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.27678","url":null,"abstract":"Resena de: Fernandez Albaladejo, Palbo Restigios. Ensayos varios de historiografia, 1976-2016 , Madrid, Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Coleccion Historia Politica y Social/9, 2017, 444 paginas, edicion de Julio A. Pardos y Jose Ma Inurritegui, ISBN: 978-84-8344-585-3.","PeriodicalId":31417,"journal":{"name":"Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna","volume":"1 1","pages":"449-452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44270273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reseña de: Mitchell, Silvia Z., Queen, Mother, and Stateswoman: Mariana of Austria and the Government of Spain","authors":"J. A. Vozmediano","doi":"10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.28616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.28616","url":null,"abstract":"Resena de: Mitchell , Silvia Z., Queen, Mother, and Stateswoman: Mariana of Austria and the Government of Spain . University Park, The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2019. xv + 293 pp. ISBN:  978-0-271-08339-1","PeriodicalId":31417,"journal":{"name":"Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna","volume":"1 1","pages":"433-436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43580646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La fundición de Eugui en el Reinado de Carlos II = The Foundry of Eugui in the Reign of Carlos II","authors":"Agustín González Enciso","doi":"10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.27551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.27551","url":null,"abstract":"El trabajo sintetiza e interpreta lo que sabemos sobre la fundicion de Eugui durante el reinado de Carlos II, desde su establecimiento por Aldaz en 1689. Se alude a sus antecedentes, a su produccion, a su relacion con las necesidades militares de la Monarquia, y con la «hora navarra», y a su significado en la historia de la industria metalurgica y del fomento de la economia en ese reinado. Se destaca tambien su realidad como un elemento de continuidad a traves del cambio de siglo y de dinastia. Abstract This paper is a synthesis and interpretation of what we know about the Eugui foundry during the reign of Charles II, from its settlement in 1689 by Aldaz. The paper reminds the antecedents of the foundry, explains its relationship with the military needs of the Monarchy and with the «hora navarra», and discusses its significance in the Spanish history of metal industries. This factory is also seen as a factor of continuity through the change of century and the advent of a new dinasty.","PeriodicalId":31417,"journal":{"name":"Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna","volume":"1 1","pages":"117-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49526169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¿Un reinado reformista? Estudios sobre la monarquía de Carlos II en homenaje al profesor Juan Antonio Sánchez Belén = A Reformist Reign? Studies on the Monarchy of Carlos II in Tribute to Professor Juan Antonio Sánchez Belén","authors":"Julio Luis Arroyo Vozmediano, R. Valladares","doi":"10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.28792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.28792","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción al dossier","PeriodicalId":31417,"journal":{"name":"Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82978320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diplomáticos y mártires jesuitas en la corte de Kudarat (Mindanao, Siglo XVII) = Diplomats and Jesuit Martyrs at the Court of Kudarat (Mindanao, 17th Century)","authors":"Alexandre Coello de la Rosa","doi":"10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.27219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.27219","url":null,"abstract":"Este ensayo analiza el martirio de los padres Alejandro Lopez (1604-1655) y Juan de Montiel (1632-1655) en la corte del sultan de Magindanao, Muhammad Dipatwān Qudrāt (o Kudarat), mas conocido como Cachil Corralat (1581-1671). Los hagiografos e historiadores jesuitas oficiales (Alonso de Andrade, Matthias Tanner; Francisco Combes, Pedro Murillo Velarde) consolidaron una imagen dicotomica entre culturas antagonicas que no solo justifico la presencia de los jesuitas en las islas de Mindanao y Jolo, sino que oculto las relaciones comerciales existentes entre espanoles y musulmanes. Su muerte promovio una teologia de conversion que justifico la«guerra justa» (bellum iustum) frente a los«moros» del sur de las Filipinas. Abstract This essay analyzes the martyrdom of Fathers Alejandro Lopez (1604-1655) and Juan de Montiel (1632-1655) at the court of the Sultan of Magindanao, Muhammad Dipatwān Qudrāt (or Kudarat), better known as Cachil Corralat (1581-1671). The hagiographers and official Jesuit historians (Alonso de Andrade, Matthias Tanner; Francisco Combes, Pedro Murillo Velarde) consolidated a dichotomous image between antagonistic cultures that not only justified the presence of the Jesuits on the islands of Mindanao and Jolo, but also concealed the existing commercial relations between Spaniards and Muslims. His death promoted a theology of conversion that justified the«just war» (bellum iustum) against the«Moors» of the southern Philippines.","PeriodicalId":31417,"journal":{"name":"Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie IV Historia Moderna","volume":"1 1","pages":"323-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42773540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}