Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials最新文献_第4页

Human Hair: An Important Biological Matrix of Interest 人类头发:一种重要的生物基质

Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000217

Chika J Mbah

{"title":"Human Hair: An Important Biological Matrix of Interest","authors":"Chika J Mbah","doi":"10.23880/apct-16000217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/apct-16000217","url":null,"abstract":"Human hair can often be useful biological matrix, alternative to the conventional biological matrices such as blood, serum, urine, saliva etc for clinical and toxicological analyses. The objective of this article was to provide comprehensive details regarding the utilization of human hair as an analytical sample of interest. Such details involve presenting information on hair structure, mechanisms of active substances (drugs) incorporation into human hair, its merits as an analytical sample, collection and preparation for analysis, and various analytical techniques that have been used to determine active substances in the hair samples. The methodology used entailed obtaining information from published works in scientific journals, official books as well the internet websites. The results indicate that numerous active substances belonging to various pharmacological classes namely central nervous system analgesics, antidepressants, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, anti-hypertensives, anti-inflammatory agents, anxiolytics, cannabinoides, sedatives and steroids etc. that have been incorporated into human hair by passive diffusion from the bloodstream into the growing hair cells or through sweat, sebum, and the external environment have been successfully determined. Literature has also revealed that the speed and extent of active substances penetrating black hair are related to the lipid solubility, molecular weight, and polarity of the active substances. In conclusion, the study has shown that human hair is an important biological matrix in clinical and toxicological analyses as well as in nutritional, archaeological and forensic investigations.","PeriodicalId":313915,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115432231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Kitab mujarrabat al-khawass of Abuleli (c.1060-1131)

Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000155

L. M. Arvide Cambra

引用次数: 0

Seasonal Variation of Proteins and Amino Acids Content in Various Parts of Aegle Marmelos (L.) Corr 蜜瓜各部位蛋白质和氨基酸含量的季节变化相关系数

Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000166

K. Vasant

引用次数: 1

Evaluation of In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Stem Bark Extract of Lophira Lanceolata (Ochanaceae) Van Tiegh Ex Keay 杉木茎皮提取物体外抗氧化活性的评价

Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000194

Abubakar Muhammad Amali

{"title":"Evaluation of In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Stem Bark Extract of Lophira Lanceolata (Ochanaceae) Van Tiegh Ex Keay","authors":"Abubakar Muhammad Amali","doi":"10.23880/apct-16000194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/apct-16000194","url":null,"abstract":"Plants have been the mainstay of many traditional cultures for their low cost and wide accessibility for preventive and therapeutic uses. Lophira lanceolata van tiegh ex keay. is a plant belonging to the family Ochnaceae. It is a medicinal plant commonly used in west and central African regions. In Nigeria it is found in the North western region. This plant is well known and has been employed in the treatment of dermatosis, toothache, arthritis, headache, Cardiovascular diseases and many others. In this study, the in vitro antioxidant activity of the methanolic stem bark extract of L. Lanceolata methanolic leaf extract was investigated by determining the total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity using varied concentrations (31.25-500µg/ml) of the plant extract at absorbance of 515nm using ELISA plate reader. Ascorbic acid was used as the standard. From the results of the study, preliminary phytochemical screening indicated the presence of major Phyto-compounds like Flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids and saponins. The highest absorbance value that presents with the highest concentration revealed that the plant possesses radical scavenging activities. The present study indicates that, Lophira lanceolata has significant antioxidant activity and thus, support the claimed ethnomedical uses of the plant in the management of conditions associated with oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":313915,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122085889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HAMLET (Human Alpha-Lactalbumin Made Lethal to Tumor Cells) - A Hope for the Cancer Patients 对肿瘤细胞致命的人类α -乳清蛋白——癌症患者的希望

Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000152

S. Al Azad

{"title":"HAMLET (Human Alpha-Lactalbumin Made Lethal to Tumor Cells) - A Hope for the Cancer Patients","authors":"S. Al Azad","doi":"10.23880/apct-16000152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/apct-16000152","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a malignant disease which is in most part incurable. It is not curable through normal medication. Different cure techniques have already equipped to wipe cancer out but still a mess that cancer finds its own way-out. Oncolytic viral therapy is a new promising strategy against cancer. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) can replicate in cancer cells but not in normal cells, leading to lysis of the tumor mass but are recognized by the immune system as pathogens and the consequent antiviral response could represent a big hurdle for OVs makes the concept compromised for cancer treatment or malignant metastasis. Every human cell has a hereditary program that upon enactment will cause cell demise, named apoptosis. Cancer cells can develop because of imbalanced expansion, cell cycle guideline and their apoptosis hardware: genomic mutant particles bringing about non-practical professional apoptotic proteins or over-articulation of against apoptotic sister proteins which structure the premise of tumor development. Shockingly, exercises gained from infections demonstrate that malignancy can't be viewed essentially as the inverse of apoptosis. Using anticancer genes as a therapy for cancer can be effective as they can go through the gene lines and make a call for destruction of malignancy. HAMLET (Human Alpha-lactalbumin Made Lethal to Tumor Cells) is such an anticancer gene which is found in human milk that can be effective in cancer treatment and also refusing new path making of cancer.","PeriodicalId":313915,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124899804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Disposition and Residues of Marbofloxacin in Eggs of Laying Hens 产蛋鸡蛋中马布沙星的处理及残留

Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000185

C. Errecalde

{"title":"Disposition and Residues of Marbofloxacin in Eggs of Laying Hens","authors":"C. Errecalde","doi":"10.23880/apct-16000185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/apct-16000185","url":null,"abstract":"Marbofloxacin belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones, used exclusively in domestic animals. This study was carried out with the purpose of studying the temporal disposition of marbofloxacin in edible compartments of the egg after administration of 1, 52 mg/kg of marbofloxacin in drinking water for 11 consecutive days in hens in posture peak and average weight of 1,91±0,25 kg. Birds were housed in individual cages under controlled light conditions, ambient temperature, relative humidity, water and balanced feed ad libitum. After the administration, eggs were collected daily and immediately separated into albumen and yolk, identified per bird/day and stored at-20°C until analysis. The preparative assay consisted in extraction of the analyte using 200 mg of yolk or albumen, as appropriate, in deionized water, homogenizing solution and enrofloxacin solution as internal standard. Separation and quantification were performed by HPLC by reverse phase isocratic elution with fluorescence detector, mobile phase composed of water, acetonitrile and triethylamine adjusted to pH 3. According to the peak areas of known concentrations, the concentrations of the test samples were calculated by simple linear regression. The established marbofloxacin levels are higher and more persistent in the yolk than in albumen, reaching 8 and 9 days, respectively. The disposition characteristics observed with marbofloxacin are compatible with the physico-chemical properties of the antimicrobial with the respective compartments of the egg and the time required for its formation. Data obtained from marbofloxacin depletion in egg compartments were analyzed using the EMEA WT 1.4 software and conjecturing a rigorous MRL (0,001 µg/kg), a withdrawal period of 13 and 17 days was estimated, for albumen and yolk, respectively.","PeriodicalId":313915,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128929184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Rosa Damescana: A Review of its Conventional Uses Phytochemistry and Pharmacology 蔷薇的常规用途、植物化学及药理研究进展

Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000218

Isayas Asefa Kebede

{"title":"Rosa Damescana: A Review of its Conventional Uses Phytochemistry and Pharmacology","authors":"Isayas Asefa Kebede","doi":"10.23880/apct-16000218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/apct-16000218","url":null,"abstract":"In the past ten years, the use of herbal and ayurvedic medications has gained international attention due to their potential medicinal and financial benefits. The consistency, safety, and effectiveness of herbs have come under scrutiny due to their extensive use throughout the world. Rosa damascena is the flower’s king and a symbol of inspiration, beauty and it is a precious herb with contemporary pharmaceutical significance that is employed in medications. R. damascenes have chemical constituents like anthocyanins, terpenes, flavonoids, and glycosides. And also, Vitamins A, B3, C, D, and E are among the vitamins found in flowers. These herbs are used to produce the herbal remedy Gulkand, which is effective for constipation. Besides, depression mood, nervous tension, and stress are treated with it. The R. damascena has many pharmacological actions such as antibacterial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, and S. aureus; antiviral activity against HSV-1, and Haemophilus parainfluenzae; anticancer activity; antidepressant activity; anticonvulsant effect; antioxidant effects; hepatoprotective activity and others. Thus, providing adequate logical support or evaluation for herbal health arguments has become the standard. This article examines traditional knowledge or claims, phytochemical and pharmacological justifications, as well as pharmacogenetic reasoning, and the plant’s prospective applications. Since ancient times, people have been taking advantage of the earth’s resources to discover novel phytoconstituents that can be used to cure a wide range of illnesses. Many of these treatments are still useful in today’s medicine. The search for potent natural and fresh semi-synthetic or copied compounds to treat human ailments is still ongoing, according to emerging data, and it is leading to the discovery of novel potent natural and fresh semi-synthetic or copied compounds.","PeriodicalId":313915,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116551710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of GABA on Hematological, Biochemical, Antioxidant and Immunological Parameters in Laying Hens GABA对蛋鸡血液学、生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响

Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000170

Mohamed A Mohamed E

引用次数: 1

Quinidine Therapy in Ventricular Fibrillation-Related Channellopaties: Is it Really Useful Nowadays? 奎尼丁治疗室性纤颤相关的通道性病变:现在真的有用吗?

Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000159

Ósmar Antonio Centurión

引用次数: 0

Effect of Concurrent Administration of Herbs on the Pharmacokinetics of Drugs: A Review 中药同时服用对药物药代动力学的影响综述

Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000212

Julius Olugbenga Soyinka

{"title":"Effect of Concurrent Administration of Herbs on the Pharmacokinetics of Drugs: A Review","authors":"Julius Olugbenga Soyinka","doi":"10.23880/apct-16000212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/apct-16000212","url":null,"abstract":"Herbal medicines are currently in high demand, and their popularity is steadily increasing as an alternative medicine. This is as a result of their perceived effectiveness, fewer side effects and relatively low cost. They are being used simultaneously with therapeutic drugs for the treatment and management of numerous medical conditions, but due to the complex mixture of bioactive constituents they are capable of affecting the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of conventional drugs when administered concurrently. Of serious concern is the concurrent consumption of herbal products and conventional drugs. Herb–drug inter-action (HDI) is the single most important clinical consequence of this practice. Using a structured assessment procedure, the evidence of HDI presents with varying degree of clinical significance. While the potential for HDI for a number of herbal products is inferred from non-human studies, certain HDIs are well established through human studies and documented case reports. This herb-drug interactions (HDIs) may lead to modifications in plasma drug levels resulting in therapeutic failure of the drug or, alternatively, it may cause drug-induced toxicity. The main routes proposed for HDIs include cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-mediated inhibition or induction and transport and flow proteins. In our review, some herbal medicines used for the treatment of various diseases were highlighted and case reports of their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics herb-drug interactions were analyzed. Therefore, this review can be a quick reference tool for physicians, pharmacists and other healthcare professionals involved in therapy, and counseling towards appropriate use of drugs to maximize clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":313915,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124205211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in Pharmacology &amp; Clinical Trials最新文献

Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials最新文献