Mechanical最新文献

{"title":"Simulasi Proses Torefaksi Sampah Sistem Kontinu Menggunakan Software Aspen Plus","authors":"Amrul Amrul, Dedi Triyadi, I. M. Gandidi","doi":"10.23960/mech.v10.i1.201904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/mech.v10.i1.201904","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000 \u0000Municipal Solid Waste becomes one of the most unbreakable major problem in cities in Indonesia than other problem. The heat that can be generated from municipal waste reaches 25,2 MJ / kg (6.000 kcal / kg) into one potential alternative energy source to be developed. One development that can be done is to do heat treatment with a solid fuel end product or called torrefaction.The objective of the study was to obtain solid fuel products equivalent to sub-bituminous coal. Developing a laboratory scale system for laboratory waste dumping using a tubular tube, calculates the energy requirement of waste dumping process with 50-80% moisture content in feed waste.The study used ASPENTM simulation software is to simulate the municipal solid waste system laboratory scale process using tubular reactor. The waste system's waste capacity is 5 kg / hour. The simulation system consists of a reactor dryer (Rstoic), reorefaction reactor (RYield), separator and splitsparator. The process of cultivation is retained at \u0000100°C and the torefaction at 275°C occurs continuously on the tubular tube.The simulation results show that the waste water content of the baits has an effect on the energy needs in the drying process and the process of torefaction to the city. Drying energy requirements increased 1,3 kW-3,2 kW on waste water content varation 30- \u000080%, while solid fuel production reduced about 1,9 kg/hour to 0,5 kg/hour. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Waste, torrefaction continuous, simulation, Aspen plus.","PeriodicalId":31342,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44699367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulasi Unjuk Kerja Termal Dan Pressure Drop Kolektor Surya Pelat Datar Aliran Serpentine Menggunakan Metode CFD","authors":"A. Yonanda, A. Amrizal, Amrul Amrul","doi":"10.23960/mech.v10.i1.201905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/mech.v10.i1.201905","url":null,"abstract":"Untuk mengetahui karakteristik unjuk kerja kolektor surya ini dapat digunakan metode CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic). CFD memberikan kemudahan untuk menganalisis karakterisrik aliran fluida yang berkaitan dengan distribusi temperatur dan tekanan yang terjadi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis karakteristik unjuk kerja termal dan pressure drop pada kolektor surya pelat datar menggunakan metode CFD. Langkah-langkah yang dibutuhkan dalam proses simulasi CFD adalah: desain dan name selection geometri, meshing, pemilihan metode radiasi, pemilihan jenis material dan input kondisi batas. Proses iterasi simulasi ditunjukkan oleh grafik “residual” yang konvergen dengan hasil simulasi berupa kontur temperatur dan tekanan. Kemudian proses validasi dilakukan terhadap hasil simulasi dengan cara membandingkannya dengan data eksperimen. Langkah selanjutnya mensimulasikan unjuk kerja kolektor surya berdasarkan variasi laju aliran massa fluida dan variasi jarak antara pipa (W). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan laju aliran massa fluida sebesar 0,005 kg/s (dalam range 0,005 - 0,02 kg/s) mengakibatkan temperatur keluar fluida kerja akan mengalami penurunan sekitar 2°C. Sementara itu penggunaan jarak antara pipa (W) 40 mm jika dibandingkan dengan jarak antara pipa (W) 80 mm akan meningkatkan temperatur keluar fluida kerja sebesar 3,9°C. ","PeriodicalId":31342,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44895492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Penambahan Serat Batang Pisang Ketip dan Filler Dedak Padi Terhadap Density, Kekuatan Bending dan Tarik Kompositcore, Sandwich dengan Skin Plywood","authors":"S. Salman, Ahmad Fadly","doi":"10.23960/mech.v10.i1.201901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/mech.v10.i1.201901","url":null,"abstract":"Fiber-reinforced composite core banana stems with additional filler of husk powder is another way to obtain the expected mechanical behavior of the composite. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of fiber volume fraction content to density, bending strength and tensile strength of sandwich composite.   Preparation of composite was done by hand lay-up method. Composite material used by banana ketip  fiber and addition of husk powder with variation of fiber volume fraction were 7, 10, and 13 % where husk was constant at 5% with random fiber direction. Tests were conducted by referring to the density est standard (ASTM C 271), bending est (ASTM C 393) and tensile test (ASTM D3039).  The result showed that the greater volume fraction of banana fiber, the lower the density value and the lower the bending strength. Whereas the tensile strength tended to increase as the volume fraction was higher.","PeriodicalId":31342,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45362416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kekuatan Tarik Multilapis Deposit Las Beberapa Produk Komersial Elektroda AWS A.51 E6013","authors":"Syaripuddin Syaripuddin, Ferry Budhi Susetyo, Aryo Hartanto Aribowo, Yos Nofendri","doi":"10.23960/mech.v10.i1.201903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/mech.v10.i1.201903","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak Pada penelitian ada 9 sampel yang digunakan dengan proses pengelasan SMAW dengan teknik penebalan permukaan. Proses yang paling pertama dilakukan adalah pemotongan plat dengan ukuran 200 x 35 x 7 mm yang akan digunakan sebagai Base Metal  atau sebagai landasan pengelasan. Setelah itu dilakukanlah pengelasan SMAW (mesin las AC) dengan posisi 1G menggunakan ayunan spiral (berputar) dengan teknik penebalan permukaan hingga ketebalan 10mm. setelah Weld Metal atau hasil las mencapai ketebalan 10mm, dilakukan pemisahan atara Weld Metal dengan Base Metal yang selanjutnya dibentuk dan dihaluskan menggunakan merin gerinda hingga menjadi spesimen Uji Tarik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil pengujian tarik dengan nilai tertinggi diperoleh sampel elektroda Y dengan nilai 47,357 kg/mm².  Abstract In the study there were 9 samples used by the SMAW welding process with a surface thickening technique. The first process is to cut a plate with a size of 200 x 35 x 7 mm which will be used as a Base Metal or as a welding foundation. After that, SMAW welding (AC welding machine) was carried out with a 1G position using a spiral swing (rotating) with a surface thickening technique up to 10mm thickness. after Weld Metal or weld results reach a thickness of 10mm, separation of metal welds with base metals is then formed and refined using grinding wheels to become tensile test specimens. The results of this study indicate that the results of the tensile test with the highest value obtained Y samples of electrodes with a value of 47.357 kg / mm².","PeriodicalId":31342,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47457295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Jenis Biomassa Terhadap Karaktristik Pembakaran dan Hasil Bioarang Asap Cair dari Proses Pirolisis","authors":"Kemas Ridhuan, Dwi Irawan","doi":"10.23960/mech.v10.i1.201902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/mech.v10.i1.201902","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass merupakan salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang banyak kita jumpai disekitar kita, dengan berbagai jenis. Biomassa dapat dikonversi ke berbagai bentuk energi salah satunya yaitu pembakaran pirolisis. Pirolisis merupakan suatu dekomposisi kimia bahan organik (biomassa) melalui proses pemanasan pada suhu tinggi yang terjadi tanpa atau sedikit oksigen. Hasil proses pirolisis berupa produk bio-arang dan asap cair. Setiap biomassa memiliki karaktristik dan komposisi bebeda-beda, sehingga jika dibakar tentunya akan menghasilkan suhu dan produk pirolisis yang berbeda pula. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh jenis biomassa terhadap karaktristik pembakaran, nilai kalor dan jumlah bio-arang serta asap cair yang dihasilkan. Metode penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan limbah biomassa cangkang karet, kulit kelapa muda dan sekan padi. Biomassa dibakar dengan proses prolisis slow di dalam sebuah reaktor. Pembakaran pada ruang bakar reaktor dari tabung pirolisis yang berisi biomassa dengan mengukur suhu, waktu, jumlah biomassa, bio-arang dan asap cair serta nilai kalor pada bio-arang tersebut yang di lakukan di laboratorium Teknik Mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro, dan  Laboratorium Polinela. Dari hasil penelitian nilai kalor biomassa cangkang karet sebesar 6661,549 cal/gr, dengan lama pembakaran 270 menit, hasil padatan di dalam tabung pirolisis sebesar 47,6 %,  untuk biomassa kulit kelapa muda di dapat nila kalor 5388,561 cal/gr, dengan lama pembakaran 225 menit hasil padatan di  tabung pirolisis   sebesar 33,3 % , dan biomassa sekam padi di dapat nilai kalor 3626,482 cal/gr dengan lama waktu pembakaran 190 menit hasil padatan di tabung pirolisis sebesar 40,0 %.","PeriodicalId":31342,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47278199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh rasio regangan terhadap perilaku Llow Cycle Fatigue (LCF) paduan Al 7075-T7","authors":"Aribeni Santoso, Moh. Badaruddin, Shirley Savetlana","doi":"10.23960/MECH.V9.I2.201807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/MECH.V9.I2.201807","url":null,"abstract":"The aluminium 7075 alloy is widely used in the aircraft industry for components on the front spar, stabilizer, frames that requires a high strength and low density ratio.The aerospace and automotive industries need to design for lightweight materials, where aluminum alloys are often used as the main component.Aluminum alloyshave good corrosion resistance properties. This material is used in a wide field not only for household appliances but also for industrial purposes, for example air-craft, car, marine and other constructions.The phenomenon of ductility decreasing due to pre-fatigue deformation, is the most significant for the combination of long pre-fatigue time, high humidity, and low strain rate.The process of making specimen shapes and dimensions were prepared according to ASTM E8 standard for the tensile specimens and ASTM E606 standardfor LCF test, respectively. Characterization of changes in material structures and the types of failure that occuredwerecarried out using OM, SEM and EDX.","PeriodicalId":31342,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47414959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rancang Bangun dan Analsis Unjuk Kerja Reaktor Torefaksi Kontinu Tipe Tubular Dengan Sistem Pemanas Oil Jacket","authors":"Agus Apriyanto, Amrul Hamzah, Amrizal Nafis","doi":"10.23960/MECH.V9.I2.201809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/MECH.V9.I2.201809","url":null,"abstract":"Teknologi konversi sampah kota menjadi bahan bakar yang saat ini sedang dikembangkan adalah melalui proses torefaksi. Proses torefaksi sampah yang banyak dilakukan menggunakan jenis reaktor batch. Sementara untuk kebutuhan skala industri, torefaksi kontinu dipandang lebih menguntungkan karena proses umpan dan produk mengalir secara terus menerus. Jenis reaktor kontinu yang sedang dikembangkan adalah tipe tubular. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang dan membuat unit reaktor torefaksi kontinu yang mampu meningkatkan kualitas sifat-sifat sampah sebagai bahan bakar padat, terutama nilai kalornya. Beberapa tahapan yang dilalui pada penelitian ini diantaranya; perancangan, proses fabrikasi dan pengujian unjuk kerja reaktor. Parameter perancangan yang digunakan adalah massa jenis sampah (ρ) = 230 kg/m 3 , kecepatan putaran (n) = 0,5 rpm, loading efficiency (φ) = 0.25,  jarak pitch (S) = 0,5 D, temperatur reaktor (T in ) = 275°C, temperatur oli pemanas (T out ) = 311°C, waktu tinggal (Rt) = 30 menit. Sehingga menghasilkan reaktor dengan spesifikasi; dimensi reaktor, Dt in = 203 mm, Dt out = 254 mm Dscrew = 195 mm, jarak pitch (S) = 100 mm, panjang reaktor = 1600 mm kapasitas reaktor 5kg/jam. Bahan tabung reaktor menggunakan jenis carbon stell JIS G3116 SG 295, fluida pemanas menggunakan heat transfer oil tipe Calflo TM AF, motor penggerak 2 HP dan 0,5 HP dilengkapi masing-masing gear reducer rasio 1:60. Ruang bakar menggunakan steel dan 2 unit burner dengan bahan bakar LPG. Hasil eksperimen unjuk kerja reaktor menunjukan bahwa reaktor mampu  mencapai temperatur maksimum 375°C selama durasi 175 menit. Pengujian menggunakan sampel sampah kota campuran berlangsung pada temperatur 225°C–325°C (steady state) dan waktu tinggal 30 menit. Produk torefaksi kemudian dikarakterisasi melalui uji proximate, ultimate dan nilai kalor. Hasil produk torefaksi menunjukan perubahan massa dan energi produk sejalan dengan perubahan temperatur reaktor dan waktu tinggal, sementara pengaruh aliran gas nitrogen sebagai purge didalam reaktor hasilnya dapat diabaikan. Perolehan massa mencapai 78% dan perolehan energi sebesar 81%. Kandungan fixed carbon (FC) semakin tinggi dan terjadi penurunan rasio atom O/C sehingga meningkatkan nilai kalor produk torefaksi. Nilai kalor produk torefaksi tertinggi 5424,60 kcal/kg setara dengan batubara subbituminus B pada temperatur 275°C","PeriodicalId":31342,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45969427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kajian Awal Pemantauan Keausan Pahat Potong Berdasarkan Pengukuran Sinyal Arus Motor Listrik Pada Proses Pemesinan Bubut","authors":"S. Siswanto, Yanuar Burhanuddin, Suryadiwansa Harun","doi":"10.23960/MECH.V9.I2.201810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/MECH.V9.I2.201810","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari alternatif metode yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk memantau dan memprediksi keausan pahat secara dini sehingga kontrol kualitas dari produk dapat tetap terjaga dan proses pemesinan menjadi optimal. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keadaan dimana terjadi keausan pahat masih menggunakan cara konvensional yaitu melihat keausan menggunakan mikroskop toolmaker. Tentu cara ini lambat karena harus menghentikan proses untuk mengambil pahat dan melihat keausannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen untuk mendapatkan data hasil penelitian. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap mesin bubut konvensional dengan mengukur arus listrik (I) dan keausan pahat (Vb). Parameter pemesinan yang digunakan adalah kecepatan potong (Vc), gerak makan (f) dan kedalaman potong (a) yang divariasikan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear. Hasil penelitian diperoleh adalah suatu model matematik yang dapat dipakai untuk memprediksi keausan pahat. Dan dari hasil analisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda didapat 2 model matematik. Model yang pertama yaitu I = 3.181 + 0.007Vc + 1.161f + 0.436e1, model ini digunakan untuk memprediksi nilai arus listrik terhadap parameter pemesinan. Model yang kedua yaitu Vb = -1.042 + 0.333I + 0.466e2, model ini digunakan untuk memediasi persamaan model I terhadap keausan pahat.","PeriodicalId":31342,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48228604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing, Modelling and Analysis of The Edge Geometry of Linear Lathe Tool Bit","authors":"S. Bodzás, S. Pálinkás, C. Nemes","doi":"10.23960/MECH.V9.I2.201808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/MECH.V9.I2.201808","url":null,"abstract":"In this publication, with the help of our modelling software we have designed and modelled the edge geometry of the linear lathe tool in the model space. Our aim has been to develop a program which calculates the appropriate edge geometry with the help of some input length and angle dimensions. This is modelled in a wire frame model in a kind a file format that can be easily opened in the latest CAD softwares – so if some later modifications are needed, that can be done easily on the model. With the help of Finite Element Simulation based on given loads, boundary conditions, technological parameters and material quality, an optimal edge geometry can be determined on the cutting tool for reaching the best cutting ratio.","PeriodicalId":31342,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44040061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desain dan Analisis Kekuatan Rangka Tricycle Landing Gear UAV Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga","authors":"Lasinta Ari Nendra Wibawa","doi":"10.23960/mech.v9.i2.201806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/mech.v9.i2.201806","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang desain dan analisis kekuatan rangka tricycle landing gear menggunakan metode elemen hingga. Analisis statik linear dilakukan menggunakan software Autodesk Inventor Professional 2017. Material rangka landing gear menggunakan Aluminium 6061. Variabel kecepatan landing vertikal yaitu 4 m/s, 6 m/s, 8 m/s, dan 10 m/s. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa rangka tricycle landing gear cukup aman untuk menahan kecepatan landing hingga 8 m/s karena memiliki faktor keamanan sebesar 2,32.","PeriodicalId":31342,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42358888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}