S. Koné, F. Kanté, Ibou Diop, F. Ndoye, Abdalla Gamby Dieudhiou, A. Kane, Ousmane Sacko, I. Yattara
{"title":"Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculation on Sorghum bicolor Growth at Different Phosphate Levels: A Greenhouse Study","authors":"S. Koné, F. Kanté, Ibou Diop, F. Ndoye, Abdalla Gamby Dieudhiou, A. Kane, Ousmane Sacko, I. Yattara","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2019.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2019.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"In sub-Saharan Africa, Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is an important cereal for both human being and animals. Unfortunately, its production is confronted to soils with deficiency of phosphorus. Traditional use of mineral phosphate on this culture fertilization is expensive and may cause contamination. It is thus necessary to seek more efficient and economic reasonable techniques to improve sorghum growth. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) constitute a reference for phosphorus improvement and plant nutrition. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AMF strains (Rhizophagus irregulare, Glomus aggregatum, G. mosseae) on growth of sorghum cultivated in greenhouse on Sangalkam soil (Senegal) sterilized with or without Tilemsi natural phosphate (PNT). The phosphorus can represent until 0.2% of the dry weight of the plant. Two fertilizers were used separately and together to doses of 20 g by strain, 100 mg and 200 mg of PNT. The experiment lasted for 120 d. Results showed that mycorrhizal colonization intensity varied between 40% and 80% for all treatments. AMF inoculation increased sorghum plant height and biomass, regardless of PNT amendment. The inoculation permits to bring strain of AMF that intervene efficiently in the transportation and the availability of phosphorus for the plant.","PeriodicalId":312861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology B","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127501210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Reproductive Cycle of the Female Blue Swimming Crab Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Kung Krabaen Bay, the Eastern Gulf of Thailand: Implications to Support Fisheries Management","authors":"C. Kunsook, P. Dumrongrojwatthana","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2019.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2019.04.005","url":null,"abstract":": The blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758), is one of the most economically important crustaceans in Thailand. In order to gather more in-country data on its biological aspects, a comprehensive observation of the annual reproductive cycle of female P. pelagicus , which were gathered each month from Kung Krabaen Bay, Thailand, from October 2017 to September 2018 was undertaken. The ovarian structure, gonadosomatic index (GSI) and histological description of P. pelagicus were observed during this time. It was revealed that six distinct stages—I (immature stage), II (early maturing stage), III (late maturing stage), IV (early matured stage), V (middle matured stage) and VI (late matured stage)—occur during the annual reproductive cycle of the females. Moreover, the percentage of the oogenic proportion of P. pelagicus appeared continuously throughout the year. The ovarian development was exclusively found in stage VI, during October 2017 to December 2017, with the highest peak in November 2017 (39.96%) in relation to the high GSI. From October 2017 to February 2018, stage I was also observed, especially during October 2017 (49.5%), implying its important involvement in supporting oogenic production. It would be suggested that the successive spawning season of the P. pelagicus population clearly occurred during October-December each year. Therefore, this would be the best time to support hatchery seed production, during which P. pelagicus collection should be avoided.","PeriodicalId":312861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology B","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123786815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Filipič, Klemen Rihar, Dunja Exel Gregorič, L. Gradišnik, A. Pereyra, E. Ružić-Sabljić, Fabio Galeotti, N. Volpi, Alfredo Fachini, H. Mazija
{"title":"Propolis Extracts Enhance the Antimicrobial Activity of Slovenian: Chestnut, Forest and Flower Honeys","authors":"B. Filipič, Klemen Rihar, Dunja Exel Gregorič, L. Gradišnik, A. Pereyra, E. Ružić-Sabljić, Fabio Galeotti, N. Volpi, Alfredo Fachini, H. Mazija","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the overuse and misuse of antibiotic, an increase in antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria is evolving. Attention should be focused on natural alternatives to antibiotics, like propolis and honey. They all have strong antibacterial properties because of the active substances they contain. In the present study, the influence of P1 (water-soluble propolis (WSP) Greit 120) or P2 (phosphate buffer saline (PBS) propolis extract Lj. Center pH = 8.0) on antimicrobial activity of different Slovenian: chestnut honey (CH), forest honeys (FoH), and flower honey (FlH) against various Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria and yeast Candida albicans are shown. Gram-positive bacteria used in the experiments were: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus mutans. The yeast was Candia albicans. Gram-negative bacteria used were: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanii. P1, P2, FoH, CH, FlH and their combinations were prepared in saline as 10% solutions. The composition of both propolis extracts and the three kinds of honey was determined by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). It expressed the antimicrobial activity as a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) in mg/mL. Each of the two propolis extracts showed antimicrobial activity when applied alone. Also, the application of each of honey yielded an antimicrobial activity in decreasing order: CH, FoH and FlH honey. The combination of any of the propolis extract with any of the honey showed the additive antimicrobial effect on either Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria and on yeast Candida albicans. The effectiveness of P1 or P2 depends on their nature and from the sort of honey and is the highest in the case of CH followed by FoH and FlH.","PeriodicalId":312861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology B","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123300934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anderson Souza de Jesus, Francisco Camargo de Oliveira, Nilva Teresinha Teixeira, Victor Augusto Pezoti Silvério
{"title":"Study of the Rooting Potential of Humic and Fulvic Acids, Amino Acids and Seaweed Extracts in Maize Culture","authors":"Anderson Souza de Jesus, Francisco Camargo de Oliveira, Nilva Teresinha Teixeira, Victor Augusto Pezoti Silvério","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"Corn is a commodity of great expression. For high yields, it is necessary that plants have availability of resources to develop and rely on vigorous root systems and adequate initial development. The inclusion in crops of products with humic and fulvic acids, seaweed and amino acids, is among resources. The objective was to present the results of a study conducted, the effect of the use of amino acids, humic and fulvic acids and seaweed associated with plant nutrients in the initial development of corn (Zea mays L.) cultivated in pots. The trial, with corn cultivate Bandeirante, was conducted outdoors in the Department of Plant Nutrition of the UniPinhal Agronomic Engineering Course, in Espirito Santo do Pinhal—SP (latitude 22°06′57′′ N, longitude 46°40′58′′ W and altitude of 892.7 m), from March to April 2018, in randomized blocks with eight treatments and four replicates. The products studied were applied in two periods: V1 and V3, by drench. Each plot consisted of a 20 L plastic container containing soil (classified as Acrisols-World Reference Base/FAO), corrected for fertility. At 55 d after germination were evaluated: root mass and length and culm diameter. All the results were treated statistically (analysis of variance and Duncan test at 5%). The treatments applied in the trial benefited the root development and culm diameter; humic and fulvic acids + N, P, Mo and Co + humic and fulvic acids + N, P and K, when considering all the criteria, was shown to be the most efficient.","PeriodicalId":312861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology B","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114647056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arllon José Santos Dias, Nyelle Priscila Brito Façanha, E. Silva, Evlen Tamille Silva do Carmo, Charles dos Santos Barros, Gabriel Araujo da Silva
{"title":"Yield and Characterization of the Centesimal Composition of Amazonian Estuarine Fish","authors":"Arllon José Santos Dias, Nyelle Priscila Brito Façanha, E. Silva, Evlen Tamille Silva do Carmo, Charles dos Santos Barros, Gabriel Araujo da Silva","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"Fish, as one of the fishery resources, is an important constituent of the diet of the Amazon population, as it is the source of several nutritional components. The present work aimed to characterize the centesimal composition of Plagioscion squamosissimus fillet (n = 10) and Macrobrachium amazonicum meat (n = 82), species acquired in the estuarine region of the state of Amapá, Brazil. Carcass yield, as well as protein, water content, lipids and ashes was determined according to the methodologies proposed by the Adolf Lutz Institute, as well as carbohydrate and caloric determinations. The analyses were performed in triplicate per sample. After comparing with the literature, it was possible to conclude that P. squamosissimus presented a fillet yield of 31.11% ± 0.61%, high protein content (15.99 ± 1.26 g/100 g) and humidity (79.40 ± 1.10 g/100 g), moderate contents of mineral residues (1.10 ± 0.07 g/100 g) and carbohydrates (0.96 ± 0.90 g/100 g), low lipid contents (2.29 ± 0.65 g/100 g), as well as low caloric values (385,018.12 J/100 g) and M. amazonicum a meat yield of 44.12% ± 8.34%, high levels of protein (22.81 ± 1.72 g/100 g), carbohydrates (1.92 ± 1.61 g/100 g) and mineral residues (1.76 ± 0.78 g/100 g), moderate water content (73.38 ± 0.78 g/100 g), low lipid levels (0.43 ± 0.08 g/100 g), as well as low caloric values (440,786.3 J/100 g). The results obtained in this work can serve as a subsidy in nutritional diets for humans, thus allowing an adequate dietary use of these species.","PeriodicalId":312861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology B","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128013313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benoit Gbemenou Joselin Gnonlonfin, A. Traoré, S. Samake
{"title":"Effective Control of Aflatoxin Contamination in Staple Maize Food Crop in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Current Pre- and Postharvest Low-Cost Technologies and Perspectives","authors":"Benoit Gbemenou Joselin Gnonlonfin, A. Traoré, S. Samake","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Mycotoxins/aflatoxins contaminations in some food commodities seriously impact human and animal health and reduce the commercial value of crops. Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi that colonize agricultural commodities. Preand postharvest contamination of aflatoxin is a major health concern in Africa where maize production and consumption have increased significantly over the years. Efforts to reduce aflatoxin in maize through various strategies such as breeding for resistance, improved agronomic practices, cultural harvesting and postharvest handling practices, and the use of bio-control agents are available. Some of these control practices are not well known by smallholder farmers. Important preand postharvest practices, in addition to the stringent food safety regulations and monitoring, are not undertaken as a result of various factors such as a lack of awareness and training, and the high cost of awareness and sensitization drives. The climate changes scenarios including El Nino are also factors to be considered. However, continued use of sustainable and effective low-cost management practices by small scale farmers are possible ways of reducing the risk of aflatoxin contamination. This review attempts to highlight low-cost, affordable and practical management options at preand postharvest in maize. Sound low-cost management practices are possible ways of reducing the risk for fungal infection and aflatoxin contamination that are relevant to the Africa context. This review would be useful and guided prioritization of development activities, continuous awareness creation and training and future research.","PeriodicalId":312861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology B","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116264313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of Wildfire Environmental Conditions in Portugal with NOAA/NESDIS Satellite-Based Vegetation Health Index","authors":"L. Bugalho, Natália Camara, F. Kogan","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.004","url":null,"abstract":": Forest fires occur in Portugal every year during late spring, summer and fall. However, the beginning and end of the most severe season of forest fires are very variable, as is their intensity, the area and the number of occurrences. It is obvious, that vegetation stress and droughts are strongly linked to the occurrence of forest fires and burned area, showing a strong response to the drought. The vegetation health index (VHI), retrieved from the NOAA/NESDIS, shows good results in the detection of droughts, monitoring vegetation conditions in different countries. VHI is computed combining two terms: vegetation condition index (VCI), and temperature condition index (TCI) reflecting moisture and thermal vegetation conditions. The main objective of this study was to investigate the potential of VHI-method to monitor environmental conditions, favourable to forest fires in Portugal. Results of the study show that 88% of forest fires with burned area higher than 1,000 ha in a week, are well related with vegetation stress or drought conditions, detected with VHI-method. The results also show that the monitoring of the evolution of the VHI indexes is important for prevention burnt areas, especially in the spring, since it can indicate conditions for vegetation growth, which increases the fuel availability and the fire risk in the summer.","PeriodicalId":312861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology B","volume":"292 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123018727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Salinity and Potassium Enrichment on Some Growth Attributes in Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.)","authors":"F. Abbas, Entessar Al-Jbawi","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"A pot experiment was conducted during winter growing season of 2014 at Homs Agriculture Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Researches (GCSAR), Syria. A factorial experiment arranged according to complete randomized block design with six replications was used. A combination of four levels of saline irrigation water (tap water, 2,000, 4,000 and 6,000 ppm), with three K levels (180, 360 and 540 ppm), was used to evaluate the effects of saline irrigation water and K enrichment on some growth attributes of two sugar beet varieties (Semper and Alligator). Results showed that all studied growth attributes, i.e., leaf area (LA), leaf number (LN), total dry matter (TDM) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were decreased under salinity stress conditions compared to the control, while K enrichment significantly increased some of the studied characters such as LA, TDM and NAR, but the differences in LN were apparent according to increase in K levels. The variety Semper surpassed significantly the variety Alligator in LA, TDM and NAR. Results also indicated a significant interaction between salinity potassium enrichment, varieties potassium enrichment and salinity varieties.","PeriodicalId":312861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology B","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121113170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Food Consumption Patterns and Household Welfare in Eswatini: An Empirical Analysis Using Household Survey Data","authors":"Nonjabuliso Simelane","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2019.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the food consumption patterns of poor and non-poor rural households in Eswatini using the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) model to derive the estimates of price and expenditure elasticities for seven major food commodities. The derived elasticities are used in estimating the distributional welfare effects of a 43% price increase for maize using the compensating variation approach. The results of the study indicate that majority of the food items are demand inelastic with meat and dairy exhibiting elasticities greater than one, while maize is the least responsive to both price and expenditure. The results further show that high maize prices have a negative effect on poor households who generally spend more on maize to supplement their consumption requirements. Therefore, policy strategies that focus on expanding agricultural production and diversification of production activities especially at the household level can raise rural household income, lower the price of maize and ultimately improve food consumption for rural households. Moreover, this will insure net-buying households against market risks by lowering high reliance on the market and enable more consumption from own production. This study makes an important empirical contribution by providing useful insights on the estimates of demand elasticities for major food items consumed, taking into account that little attention has been devoted to empirical analysis of food consumption behavior in Eswatini.","PeriodicalId":312861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology B","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133835377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annamaria Cedola, A. Cardinali, Matteo Alessandro Del Nobile, A. Conte
{"title":"Enrichment of Bread with Olive Oil Industrial By-Product","authors":"Annamaria Cedola, A. Cardinali, Matteo Alessandro Del Nobile, A. Conte","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2019.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2019.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of bread fortification with dry olive paste flour (DOPF), coming from Cellina di Nardò cultivar. Specifically, sensory and nutritional properties of enriched bread were investigated. In addition, the glycemic response and the bio-accessibility of polyphenols contained in the bread samples were also estimated. The addition of DOPF leads to an increase of the total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity, without compromising the final acceptability. The recovery of bio-accessible polyphenols from the simulated gastro-intestinal digestion was 59.3% for the control and 72.1% for the enriched bread. Also the glycemic response was improved in the enriched bread.","PeriodicalId":312861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology B","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125517812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}