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Turkey's Grand Strategy最新文献

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The Role of Turkish Drones in Azerbaijan’s Increasing Military Effectiveness: An Assessment of the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War 土耳其无人机在阿塞拜疆日益增强的军事效能中的作用:对第二次纳戈尔诺-卡拉巴赫战争的评估
Turkey's Grand Strategy Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.25253/99.2021234.10
Hulya Kinik, Sinem Çelik
{"title":"The Role of Turkish Drones in Azerbaijan’s Increasing Military Effectiveness: An Assessment of the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War","authors":"Hulya Kinik, Sinem Çelik","doi":"10.25253/99.2021234.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021234.10","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on Turkey as a rising drone power in the international arena in recent years. In this context, the article will scrutinize the case of the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, which broke out on September 27, 2020. The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, one of the frozen problems in the Caucasus region, was ended in favor of Azerbaijan less than two months later. Turkey took on a game-changing role in the region by supplying its ally Azerbaijan with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for use in the conflict, and significantly contributed to Azerbaijan’s victory. Turkey’s political, diplomatic, and military contributions to Azerbaijan will likely be discussed on the global agenda for years to come; this study will contribute to the literature on the role and impact of Turkey’s military support, especially its drones, on Azerbaijan’s Nagorno-Karabakh victory.","PeriodicalId":312825,"journal":{"name":"Turkey's Grand Strategy","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123576452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
How Algeria-Turkey Ambitious Strategic Rapprochement Will Affect France’s Sahel Policy? 阿尔及利亚与土耳其雄心勃勃的战略和解将如何影响法国的萨赫勒政策?
Turkey's Grand Strategy Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.25253/99.2021234.3
Abdunour Toumi
{"title":"How Algeria-Turkey Ambitious Strategic Rapprochement Will Affect France’s Sahel Policy?","authors":"Abdunour Toumi","doi":"10.25253/99.2021234.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021234.3","url":null,"abstract":"President Macron did decide to withdraw French troops from the Sahel last summer, leaving only special forces based in north Mali, he stated that Operation Barkhane will end early in 2022. Nonetheless, Algiers’ decision to not allow French military planes to use Algeria’s airspace will create a direct impact on the military mission and France’s entire ‘war on terror in the Sahel. In Algeria, however, bold decisions toward a strategic rapprochement with Turkey were in the making. Even though the new authorities in Algiers were hesitant for such a foreign policy shift, because of the COVID-19 pandemic and the internal political struggle, constitutional and institutional amendments in the aftermath of the peaceful Algerian 2019 Hirak needed to be put in place. However, the tenacious resistance of the Francophile and Arabophone-nationalists anti-Ottoman legacy, the well-off social class, and elite pro-France lobbies in Algiers and Paris held back President Abdelmadjid Tebboune’s Administration from improving the relations between Algiers and Ankara. Meanwhile, the ambassadors from both countries have been pushing tirelessly for the success of the strategic rapprochement between these two states.","PeriodicalId":312825,"journal":{"name":"Turkey's Grand Strategy","volume":"440 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125844170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Intersection of Grand Strategies in Turkey-Russia Relations: Reflections of Smart Alignment and Flexible Competition in the International Arena 土俄关系大战略的交集:国际舞台上灵巧结盟与灵活竞争的思考
Turkey's Grand Strategy Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.25253/99.2021234.9
A. Zengin, İlyas Topsakal
{"title":"The Intersection of Grand Strategies in Turkey-Russia Relations: Reflections of Smart Alignment and Flexible Competition in the International Arena","authors":"A. Zengin, İlyas Topsakal","doi":"10.25253/99.2021234.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021234.9","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluating Turkey-Russia relations is a dilemma, as the two countries fluctuate between perceptions of mutual historical hostility and strategic partnership. An alternative perspective is needed to get beyond the impasse of this dilemma. The main purpose of this study is to explain the common aspects of the grand strategies of Turkey and Russia within the framework of the pattern and to evaluate the policies of both countries in Syria, Libya, and the South Caucasus where the interests of both intersect and occasional conflict. We propose that Turkey-Russia relations can best be defined around the concepts of ‘smart alignment’ and ‘flexible competition.’ Their bilateral relations cannot be considered black or white in the abstract, but rather take place in the ‘gray zone.’ Alternative scenarios for the future of bilateral relations are presented in the conclusion.","PeriodicalId":312825,"journal":{"name":"Turkey's Grand Strategy","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132029333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding Eurasia in Multiple Perspectives 从多个角度理解欧亚大陆
Turkey's Grand Strategy Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.25253/99.2021234.15
Meryem Hakim
{"title":"Understanding Eurasia in Multiple Perspectives","authors":"Meryem Hakim","doi":"10.25253/99.2021234.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021234.15","url":null,"abstract":"The three works reviewed in this article address Eurasia in different periods and different areas of concentration. Each one provides valuable information in understanding the historical and political developments that have affected the Eurasian landmass. Understanding this huge geography, its people, its past and present situation require a holistic approach with detailed knowledge and awareness of regional peculiarities.","PeriodicalId":312825,"journal":{"name":"Turkey's Grand Strategy","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123534156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Russia’s Policy during the 44-day of the Karabakh War 44天的卡拉巴赫战争期间俄国的政策
Turkey's Grand Strategy Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.25253/99.2021234.12
N. Jafarov, Araz Aslanli
{"title":"Russia’s Policy during the 44-day of the Karabakh War","authors":"N. Jafarov, Araz Aslanli","doi":"10.25253/99.2021234.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021234.12","url":null,"abstract":"The 44-day Karabakh War seriously affected the international balances in the Caucasus in terms of security, politics, and economic dimensions. The attitude of international actors during the war was important to define the fate and consequences of the war. Among these international actors, Russia’s attitude was of special importance. The policy followed by Russia during and after the 44-day Karabakh War had four main and parallel pillars: The first pillar of Russia's policy was maintaining the status of its traditional ally Armenia. The second pillar was maintaining its mediator role for the resolution of the conflict. The third pillar of the policy pursued by the Kremlin was not harming the strategic partnership relationship with Azerbaijan, which had been specially developed during Vladimir Putin’s tenure. The fourth pillar of the policies pursued by Russia was not disrupting the multidimensional profound relationships with Turkey, which had advanced in recent years. The first two dimensions of this policy followed by the Putin Administration during the 2nd Karabakh War represent Russia’s conventional Caucasus policy and the last two dimensions embody a policy change.","PeriodicalId":312825,"journal":{"name":"Turkey's Grand Strategy","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116717400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Will the Rise of China Transform the International System? 中国的崛起会改变国际体系吗?
Turkey's Grand Strategy Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.25253/99.2021234.13
Kemal İnat, M. Yıldız
{"title":"Will the Rise of China Transform the International System?","authors":"Kemal İnat, M. Yıldız","doi":"10.25253/99.2021234.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021234.13","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the rise of China is discussed in the light of economic and military data, and what the challenge from China means for the global leadership of the U.S. is analyzed. Changes in the indicators of the U.S. and China’s economic and military power over the last 30-40 years are examined and an answer is sought for the following question: What will the consequences of China’s rise be in terms of the international political system? To answer this question, similar ‘rise and challenge’ precedents are discussed to contextualize and analyze and the present challenge China poses. This article concludes that while improving its global status, China has been taking the previous cases’ failed challenges into consideration. China, which does not want to repeat the mistakes made by Germany and the Soviet Union, is hesitant to pursue an aggressive military policy and tries to limit its rivalry with the U.S. in the economic area. While Chinese policy of avoiding direct conflict and focusing on economic development has made it the biggest economic rival of the U.S, the rise of China initiates the discussions about the end of the U.S. and West-led international system.","PeriodicalId":312825,"journal":{"name":"Turkey's Grand Strategy","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115042315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Turkey-UK Free Trade Agreement in Terms of Economic Diplomacy 从经济外交角度看土耳其-英国自由贸易协定
Turkey's Grand Strategy Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.25253/99.2021234.11
Kaan Yiğenoğlu
{"title":"The Turkey-UK Free Trade Agreement in Terms of Economic Diplomacy","authors":"Kaan Yiğenoğlu","doi":"10.25253/99.2021234.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021234.11","url":null,"abstract":"This article scrutinizes relations between economic diplomacy and free trade agreements by focusing on the Turkey-UK free trade agreements which came into force in 2021. Accordingly, the article first introduces the concept of economic diplomacy, an important issue as it has been shown that bilateral trade agreements, nowadays preferred by many countries, can be used as a tool of economic diplomacy. The article then discusses the history and development of free trade agreements signed by Turkey, including its long-running experience of economic integration with the European Union. Although Turkey began establishing free trade agreements in the 1990s, it has been concentrating on and accelerating its use since 2000. Based on economic and political reasons underlying the free economic agreements, the reasons why Turkey and the UK have reached such an agreement are summarized. Economic relations between the two countries are then analyzed and the details of the agreement are investigated in the context of the changes that it provides.","PeriodicalId":312825,"journal":{"name":"Turkey's Grand Strategy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123415038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Evolutionary Feature of Turkey’s Soft Power in the Middle East, 2011-2020 2011-2020年土耳其在中东软实力的演化特征
Turkey's Grand Strategy Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.25253/99.2021234.1
A. Omidi
{"title":"The Evolutionary Feature of Turkey’s Soft Power in the Middle East, 2011-2020","authors":"A. Omidi","doi":"10.25253/99.2021234.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021234.1","url":null,"abstract":"Today, soft power plays an important role in advancing states’ foreign policy goals. As one of the world’s emerging economic powers, Turkey pays special attention to the development and maintenance of its soft power. This commentary uses a descriptive-analysis approach to address the components of Turkey’s soft power in the Middle East North Africa (MENA) region in the years 2011-2020, the second decade of AK Party governance. Turkey’s soft power during this time period has mainly targeted and become influential in the Muslim-majority countries of the Middle East and Asia. Although certain events, such as the 2016 failed coup, the Gezi Park protests, the Syrian crisis, restrictions on freedom of expression, fluctuations in the value of the Turkish lira, etc., have somewhat tarnished the country’s image, various indicators of Turkey’s soft power demonstrate that it has remained strong in the MENA region during the time span of the present research. \u0000Keywords: Turkey, Soft Power, MENA, AK Party","PeriodicalId":312825,"journal":{"name":"Turkey's Grand Strategy","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129822173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Exploring the Traits of a Grand Strategy for Turkey: Resilience, Protean Power, and Connectography 探索土耳其大战略的特征:弹性、多变的力量和联系
Turkey's Grand Strategy Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.25253/99.2021234.6
Hasan Yükselen
{"title":"Exploring the Traits of a Grand Strategy for Turkey: Resilience, Protean Power, and Connectography","authors":"Hasan Yükselen","doi":"10.25253/99.2021234.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021234.6","url":null,"abstract":"The international system is experiencing profound changes and has taken on an uncertain character as a result. The concept of strategy and its study has closely followed this trend, and new concepts have emerged both to adapt to and theoretically describe the practical changes and challenges it has engendered. This article explores the ill-suited features of mainstream debates and theorizing from a Turkish perspective and suggests that a critical realist analysis of agential strategizing is most useful to addressing the emerging context. It argues that Turkey has a long pursued grand strategy, but new concepts –resilience, protean power, and connectography– can enhance Turkey’s ability to strategize and can enrich the lately emerged vibrant debates exploring Turkey’s grand strategy.","PeriodicalId":312825,"journal":{"name":"Turkey's Grand Strategy","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121312392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Muslim Brotherhood Faultline in Saudi-Qatari Relations: Domestic Divisions and Regional Rivalry 穆斯林兄弟会在沙特与卡塔尔关系中的断层线:国内分歧与地区竞争
Turkey's Grand Strategy Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.25253/99.2021234.4
M. Menshawy, Simon Mabon
{"title":"The Muslim Brotherhood Faultline in Saudi-Qatari Relations: Domestic Divisions and Regional Rivalry","authors":"M. Menshawy, Simon Mabon","doi":"10.25253/99.2021234.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021234.4","url":null,"abstract":"The commentary argues the Saudi-Qatari tensions lie in conflicting perspectives about the role of political Islam within the fabric of both states and their actions regionally. Funda-mentally, the rivalry stems from contrasting relations between political and religious elites in each country which has taken on an increasing political importance in tensions between Riyadh and Doha. Central to much of this are questions about the role played by the Muslim Brotherhood (and its various affiliates). More relatedly, the Saudi-Qatari rifts emerge out of competing understandings of authority and legitimacy, and with it, concern at the contesta-tion of these claims.","PeriodicalId":312825,"journal":{"name":"Turkey's Grand Strategy","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127017582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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