Orthodontic Journal of Nepal最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of prevalence of dental pulp stones in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment","authors":"V. Thapa, Swikriti Rana, N. Bhattarai","doi":"10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43280","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pulp stones are foci of calcification in the dental pulp. During the orthodontic tooth movement, a complex series of tissue reaction occurs. Studies show that the orthodontic force application may cause pulpal changes like pulpal calcifications. Hence; we assessed the prevalence of prevalence of dental pulp stones in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.\u0000Materials and Method: A total of 50 patients who were scheduled to undergo non-extraction orthodontic treatment were included. Pre-treatment and Post-treatment radiographs were taken in all the patients. Evaluation of the permanent molars (maxillary and mandibular) was done, both pre-treatment and post-treatment. Interpretation of the radiographs was done by skilled and experienced oral radiologists. Diagnosis of pulp stones was done when definite radiopaque bodies as dental pulp stones were noted as present or absent. All the results were recorded in Microsoft excel sheet.\u0000Results: At pre-treatment time, prevalence of pulp stones was found to be 26 percent, while at post-treatment time, the overall prevalence of pulp stones was found to be 48 percent. Significant results were obtained while comparing the pretreatment and post-treatment prevalence of pulp stones.\u0000Conclusion: Formation of pulp stones might be triggered under the effect of orthodontic trea","PeriodicalId":31197,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontic Journal of Nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48530223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproducibility and speed of cephalometric tracing between manual versus digital method","authors":"S. Gupta, S. Dahal, Shristi Rauniyar","doi":"10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43275","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cephalometric tracing is an indispensable method for the evaluation of the growth and development of the facial skeleton. The clinical implication of the tracing may be utilized in many branches of dentistry for diagnosis and treatment planning. The research based cephalometric tracing has been widely used over a period of time by various specialist. The purpose of this study was to compare the cephalometric tracing method between manual and the digital method.\u0000Materials and Method: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 120 patients who came for orthodontic treatment during Jan 2020 to Dec 2020 were randomly selected from Tribhuvan University Dental Teaching Hospital and one orthodontic center. Only the cephalograms with clarity and without artefacts were selected. The samples were randomly selected without any discremation of gender, occlusal type or skeletal pattern. The two methods were compared in terms of reproducibility and the speed of cephalometric tracing. The cephalograms were compared using both the manual and the digital method using Vistadent OC 1.1 software program (GAC International Inc, Bohemia, New York, USA). The mean tracing time for each method was also estimated. Paired t –test was used to compare the differences in individual measurement between the two methods. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to measure the repeatability of the measurements.\u0000Results: On comparing two methods, 3 out of 20 measurements showed statistically significant difference while others showed no statistically significant difference. The mean time needed to perform cephalometric analysis by the digital method (4.61±0.63 minutes) was significantly less as compared to the manual method (11.23±0.71 minutes) and the difference of performance duration were statistically significant (<0.05). Intraclass correlation coefficient showed strong correlation (0.86 to 0.99) for each repeated cephalometric measurements carried out by both manual and digital methods.\u0000Conclusion: Both conventional manual and digital cephalometry methods showed good reproducibility with strong correlation for repeated measurements. The digital method exhibited significant reduction in time compared to manual method. Incorporation of digital methods by the clinicians can increase their efficiency","PeriodicalId":31197,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontic Journal of Nepal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41676959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of generalized spacing with clear aligner therapy: Report of a case","authors":"D. Kafle, Ravi Kumar Mahato, Abhisek Giri, Sanjiv Luintel, Arjun Karki","doi":"10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43281","url":null,"abstract":"Clear Aligners are becoming popular among patients in recent years because of its invisible nature , comfort to wear, less orthodontic emergencies and better hygiene control. However proper case selection is vital for the success. With the better understanding of aligner biomechanics and improvement in aligner materials and attachment design, more complex teeth movement is also possible with clear aligners. As there is always controversy on whether aligners cause tipping or bodily tooth movement, In this case report, a skeletal class I patient with generalized spacing in maxilla and mandible is presented which is treated effectively by bodily movement of incisors.","PeriodicalId":31197,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontic Journal of Nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46826865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Palatal Height Index and palatal form in different malocclusions in adult patients visiting Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan","authors":"A. Khalid, Faisal Rasheed, Z. H. Awaisi","doi":"10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43271","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study was conducted to evaluate the palatal height index in different malocclusion because of appearance of variable palatal heights & palatal forms\u0000Materials & Method: In this study 108 adult subjects (41 males, 67 females), age ranges from 13-28yrs, were randomly selected from Orthodontic Department In Nishtar Institute of Dentistry Multan. Their impressions were taken by the Alginate and dental casts were formed and lateral cephalograms were collected. One sample t test was used to calculate the results.\u0000Result: Descriptive statistics showed mean palatal index of 60.95% in skeletal class I, 48.31% in skeletal class II, whereas 61.26% in skeletal class III. Frequency distribution in different skeletal patterns showed 100% high palate in class I and class III whereas skeletal class II showed variety in palatal form with 82.3% high palate, 11.3% medium palate and remaining 6.3% was low palate. major portion of the sample had high palate.\u0000Conclusion: Mean index in Skeletal Class I is 60.95 %, 48.31% in skeletal class II, 61.26% in skeletal class III. Mean palatal height index in females is significantly higher than in males. Skeletal class II has variety of palatal form with high prevalence of high palate. Most common palatal form is high palate.","PeriodicalId":31197,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontic Journal of Nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48619625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late upper airway constriction and its prevention by interceptive functional appliance therapy- A review","authors":"N. Nayyer, A. Jena, Jitendra Sharan","doi":"10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43284","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is one of the poorly diagnosed disorders which affects the quality of life of patients. The SDB is a spectrum of problems ranging from simple snoring to obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) which involves complete collapse of the pharyngeal airway passage during sleep resulting in airflow cessation and consequent arousals. A noteworthy etiological factor of OSA is mandibular retrognathism. Imaging studies on craniofacial structures in OSA patients have shown decreased oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal depth, elongated soft palate, altered tongue posture, and increased hyoid bone-to-mandible distance. The management modalities of OSA are positive airway pressure (PAP) and oral appliance therapy. The modus operandi of mandibular advancement devices (MADs) is the same as of myofunctional therapy instituted by orthodontists for the treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusions with mandibular retrusion in growing patients. By virtue of the increase in the mandibular length and advancement in mandibular position, pharyngeal airway space is enlarged along with favorable changes in the soft palate, tongue posture, and hyoid bone position. The focus of the present review is to consolidate the available literature on the long-term effects of functional appliance treatment. It is hypothesized that interceptive functional appliance therapy in the growing stage could be a viable strategy for the prevention of OSA development during adulthood. The review also highlights the importance of the need for more studies emphasizing the long-term impact of functional treatment to establish the role of the same in reducing the OSA treatment burden during adulthood.","PeriodicalId":31197,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontic Journal of Nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44740989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of anteroposterior lip positions of the most preferred facial profiles of the Nepalese people","authors":"M. Bajracharya, U. Parajuli, Abhilasha Khanal, Neesha Shrestha, U. Pyakurel","doi":"10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43268","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Though cephalometric analysis of both hard and soft tissue has been done extensively for the treatment planning in orthodontics and orthognathic surgery in Nepalese people for years, they are all based on the norms for the Caucasians. No research has been done to establish the most favored profile amongst the Nepalese. The purpose of this study was to find out the most preferred well balanced or most favored facial profile from a series of 13 silhouettes with varying position of anteroposterior lip position by a group of Nepalese lay persons and general dental surgeons.\u0000Materials and Methods: Average profile for male and female were constructed from the profile of 50 Nepalese males and females with normal occlusions and without history of orthodontic and prosthetic replacement. The lips were then protruded or retruded in 1-mm increments and a series of 13 silhouettes were constructed for each male and female with the average profile in the center. The silhouettes were then given to 500 dental surgeons and lay persons each and were asked to rank the 3 most preferred facial profiles in order of preferences.\u0000Result: Both the general dental surgeons and the lay persons tend to prefer flatter profile than average for both the sexes. Both the groups preferred more flat profile for women compared to males. The least favored profile was the most protrusive one for both the groups.\u0000Conclusion: This research shows that lay persons and the general dental surgeons preferred retruded profile than the average profile though prior research show that Nepalese people have an average profile convex","PeriodicalId":31197,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontic Journal of Nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47863292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of pain between elastomeric and the kesling sparators in the orthodontic patients","authors":"Abhilasha Khanal, M. Bajracharya, Neesha Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43273","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pain may be experienced during the first 3-4 days of fixed Orthodontic appliance activation. The lesser the pain perceived by a patient, better the treatment outcome and the patient compliance. The post separator placement pain increases as soon as 4 hours and gradually increases over the next 24 hours which is worst at the day 2-4. The Aim of the study is to find out the association of post separator placement pain in our population. Also, the study focuses on the use of dose Paracetamol 500gms, by our patients in case of pain.\u0000Materials and Method: Elastomeric separator was placed mesially and distally to the upper right first permanent molar(16) and the kesling separator was placed to the left first permanent molar(26) in 100 orthodontic patients . Patients were given a questionnaire that documented perceived pain, pain on chewing, pain affecting the daily life activities. The patient documented the intake of medication to reduce the pain, if at all. Two different Pain rating scales (PRS) along a line will be used to depict the pain perception. The subjects were asked to circle a spot on the line that they believed best represented the pain they perceived at that time. The evaluation of pain and documentation started on the 4th hour, 24th hrs, 2nd day, 3rd day, 4th day, 5th day, 6th day and the 7th day. Scores 1-3 will be considered as mild pain; 4-6 will be moderate pain and 7-10 is considered to be the severe pain. At every time slot, the pain was documented, there was a spot where the patient has mentioned if he / she used the medication prescribed by the orthodontist.\u0000Results: No association of Kesling separators with Pain on chewing , pain perception and pain affecting life at 4th hour, 24th hour, 2nd day, 3rd day, 4th day, 5th day, 6th day, 7th day post separator placement. Association of Medication with the post separator placement pain also is not significant.\u0000Significant association of elastomeric separators with pain perception and pain affecting life at 4th hour (p= 0.002 & p=0.005), 24th hour (p= 0.002). Significant Association of Medication with the post separator placement pain also is significant at 4th (p=0.00) and 24th hour (p=0.02) of post separator placement.\u0000Conclusion: There is a significant association of elastomeric separators with pain perception and pain affecting life at 4th hour, 24th hour. Significant Association of Medication with the post separator placement pain also is significant at 4th and 24th hour of post separator placement","PeriodicalId":31197,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontic Journal of Nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43327164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lip length and its correlation among different age group and gender in Nepalese Population","authors":"B. Sapkota, U. Rimal","doi":"10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43272","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Dentofacial composition includes the lips and the smile as they relate to the face which provide the valuable information to the clinician when evaluating smile esthetics.\u0000Aims and objectives: To determine the relation of lip length and incisor visibility during rest and smile among different age groups and gender.\u0000Materials and Method: A cross sectional study was done in 158 participants of age group between 19-40 years and above. They were seated in an upright position at rest. Then the lip length was recorded with a calibrated digital caliper measuring from subnasale to stomion superius and categorized into short, normal and long lips. Similarly maxillary incisor visibility was observed on rest and during full smile. The data obtained were then analyzed with SPSS software (version 22) and student- t test and ANOVA test was used to compare the measurements.\u0000Results: It has been found that there is no significant of lip length in relation to gender and different age groups. Whereas average lip length has been found to be 21.2±2.3mm in male and 19.4±1.9mm in female. On the other hand significant difference is found in incisor visibility in different age groups and gender during smile.\u0000Conclusion: Within the limitation of the study, a significant difference has been found in the incisor visibility when compared between gender and age groups in full smile whereas there is no difference in the lip length in male and female group.","PeriodicalId":31197,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontic Journal of Nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44588433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of vertical dimension with lip position, nasolabial angle and incisal display at rest and at smile in young adults","authors":"Jahamgeer Badusha S, Purva Joneja, Anshu Agarwal, Deepak Singh Choudhary","doi":"10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43270","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Photography has been given a great importance in diagnosis in orthodontics, the study of certain aesthic parameter on digitilzed photographs can provide an additional diagnostic tool. This study is designed to compare facial parameters and various photographic parameters among patients with long, average, short faces in central Indian population. Also an alternative method to cephalometric analysis needs to be worked upon which is reliable, easily assessable and convenient for multiple usage by the orthodontist to direct his/her treatment.\u0000Materials and Methods: 150 subjects (75 males and 75 females) selected and examined by two methods clinical examination and photographic examination by using ImageJ software.\u0000Results: The results of this study shows there is significant correlation between vertical dimension, incisal display upper lip length, lower lip length and nasolabial angle and there is no significant difference between clinical examination and photographic examination done with Image J software.\u0000Conclusion: This study concluded that the vertical proportions of facial soft tissue follow the underlying vertical skeletal pattern, high vertical dimension is associated with short upper lip, more incisal display and high clinical FMA. The low vertical dimension is associated with acute nasolabial angle and low clinical FMA. Photogrammetry was found to be a quick easy, cost effective and reliable diagnostic tool which can reduce radiation exposure and reduce the number of cephalograms during treatment","PeriodicalId":31197,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontic Journal of Nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46313676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A century of Hawley retainer","authors":"Samikshya Paudel, R. Shrestha, Sristi Napit","doi":"10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43283","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The use of Hawley retainer has crossed a century with same basic principles incorporated one hundred years back accompanying little improvisation in material. The innovation of Hawley retainer was a simple orthodontic appliance yet innovative device of retention of that period of time. The primitive appliance is still continuing over a century; is an achievement in itself. This clearly reflects the intense invention of an inquisitive mind of its creator, Dr. Charles Augustus Hawley. The present article reviews the chronological events of the life of Dr. Charles Augustus Hawley and his contributions to the profession. Special emphasis has been laid on the evolution, development and clinical aspects of Hawley retainer commemorating its completion of a century.","PeriodicalId":31197,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontic Journal of Nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44664375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}