Lebanese Science Journal最新文献

{"title":"The Typological Classification of the Old Lebanese Churches in Koura, Batroun and Byblos, from the 8th Century to the 13th Century","authors":"G. Issa","doi":"10.22453/LSJ-021.1.095-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22453/LSJ-021.1.095-118","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of the ecclesiastical architecture was very obvious on the community; it was used for proselytizing purposes and to express the greatness of the church. The church became a link between believers and heaven and a small-scale representation of the universe, where the kingdom of God extends.Forexample, theceilingof churches, especially the domes,symbolizesheaven, which is the throne of God. An indispensable analysis was carried out to understand the typology of churches,based on the plan and spatial composition, therefore to make them easily recognizable. This paper primarily aims to define the typological classification of the historicLebanese churches, to monitor the different characteristicsandto develop a wider understanding of these architectural features. This study relates to ecclesiastical temples from the 8th century to the 13th century in Koura, Batroun and Byblos. Most of the historicchurches and monasteries of Lebanon are located in the north of Lebanon,especially in the areas of Koura, Batroun and Byblos (Jbeil), where the majority of Christian communities still reside until now.Unfortunately, there are no remaining churches before the 8th century, especially after the great earthquake that struck Lebanon in 551 AD. The Crusader period takes place from the end of the eleventh century to the end of the thirteenth century (between 1095 and 1291 AD). In the 13th century, the Fourth Crusade left behind a series of important churches that had a great impact on the architecture of Lebanon. In total, 128 temples were studied in my article;later, I will identifythemand represent theirtypology in six tables.","PeriodicalId":31081,"journal":{"name":"Lebanese Science Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"95-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46806095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annotated Checklist of the Marine and Coastal Birds of Lebanon","authors":"Ghassan Ramadan-Jaradi","doi":"10.22453/LSJ-021.1.037-053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22453/LSJ-021.1.037-053","url":null,"abstract":"The study of marine and coastal birds in the Lebanon recorded 75speciesalong the shore line of Lebanon and for a distance of 7 kms offshore.Of those species,35 are seabirdspecies, 38 marine or seawater/freshwater coastal birds, and 2waterbird specieswintering on the archipelagoes of Mina/Tripoli in North Lebanon (Grey Heron and Little Egret)with apparently much affinity to seawater in the winter season. This study highlighted 3 globally threatened species (Leach’s Storm Petrel Hydrobates leucorhoa [Vulnerable], Mediterranean Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan [Vulnerable], and Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus [Vulnerable]), underlined7 globally Near Threatened avian species, pointed out to 3 species that may be submitted for reconsideration bythe “Lebanon Bird Record Committee” (LBRC) at LCNRS;and updated the data of 9species of high significance from the past studies, of which, 2 species are upgraded from vagrants to winter visitors/passage migrants, one to passage migrant and one to wintervisitor..Regarding the final phenological statusesof species, one is resident breeding, one is summer breeding, 3 are formerly bred, one extirpated (extinct) from Lebanon 31are passage migrant/winter visitors, 25passage migrantsonly, 2winter visitors and 14vagrant species.","PeriodicalId":31081,"journal":{"name":"Lebanese Science Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"37-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41697109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potato Cyst Nematodes Globodera spp. in the Bekaa Valley, Lebanon","authors":"Sleiman Kachacha, S. Ibrahim, Georges Kachacha, L. Ibrahim, F. Jreijiri, T. Elbeaino, E. Choueiri","doi":"10.22453/LSJ-021.1.054-064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22453/LSJ-021.1.054-064","url":null,"abstract":"Our study was conducted in Bekaa area (Lebanon) to determine the presence and distribution of the potato cyst nematode, Globodera spp. A total of 80 soil samples were collected from 30 different areas. Theoverallegg counts revealed that 39 (79.6%) out of 49, cyst affected soil samples,collected contained eggs. In Zahlé, the count of nematodes in the soil samples revealed that 9 out of 11 samples tested (81.8%) contained cysts nematodes, but only 7 (77.7%) of the cyst contained eggs. The level of infestation of soil sample ranged between 0 and 5.3 eggs/g soil. No nematodes infection was detected in samples collected from Aana, Kamed El Laouz, Kefraya and Khiara. The identity of a newly discovered population of potato cyst nematodeGlobodera pallidaassociated with potato in West Bekaa was established by molecular methods.A set ofthreepolymerase chain reaction (PCR)primers readily identifiedthe presence of G. rostochiensis and G. pallida fromfield samples. The origin of this infestationis unknown. The results of the occurrence and distribution of Globodera spp in each area are discussed.","PeriodicalId":31081,"journal":{"name":"Lebanese Science Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"54-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46877318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Renutrition Milk on the Improvement of Clinical Profile and Gut Microbiota of Malnourished Children","authors":"Asmaa Belgharbi, A. T. Meddah, B. Meddah, C. Mullié, Mokhtar Nehhal","doi":"10.22453/LSJ-021.1.012-023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22453/LSJ-021.1.012-023","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood malnutrition is a severe disease that kills 3.1 million children under the age of five worldwide yearly. Our objectives are to comparethe clinical profile and the intestinal microbiota of malnourished children and healthy ones residing in the city of Mascara (Algeria), and to specify the impact of the administration of renutrition milk on the improvement of their gut microbiota.40 children in total, aged between 2 and 36 months were chosen for this study. A clinical examination and a microbiological analysis of fecal matter were performed. The first results showed that the malnourished children included in the study suffer from severe malnutrition characterized by stunting and remarkable underweight and that their intestinal flora is quantitatively and qualitatively differentfrom that of healthy children. Moreover;the administration of the renutrition milk has a positive influence on the composition of the intestinal flora in these malnourished children.","PeriodicalId":31081,"journal":{"name":"Lebanese Science Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"12-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42807889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvent Extraction of Molybdenum from Hydrochloric Acid Solutions with Tri-Octyl Phosphine Oxide: Comparison between Conventional and Microwave-Assisted Extraction Techniques","authors":"A. Boucherit, H. Khalaf","doi":"10.22453/LSJ-021.1.065-079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22453/LSJ-021.1.065-079","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the solvent extraction of molybdenum from 0.01-1 M aqueous hydrochloric acidusing tri-octyl phosphine oxide (TOPO) as solvent diluted with n-hexane has been investigated. The extraction efficiencies of TOPO inthe extraction of molybdenum werecarried out using conventional extraction and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) techniques.Molybdenum extraction efficiency wasdetermined by varying separately the different parameters affecting the extraction process including agitationtime, hydrochloric acid concentration, solventconcentration (in the organic phase), as well as the irradiation time and microwave power.The MAE technique greatly enhanced the solvent extraction of molybdenum where high extraction percentageswere obtained under favorable conditions. In some cases, thepercentages extraction of molybdenum obtained with two methods were comparable.The use of MAE technique also showed obvious advantages in terms of a drastic reduction of the extraction time as it was shortened from 15 min to 10 s in comparison with conventional solvent extraction method.","PeriodicalId":31081,"journal":{"name":"Lebanese Science Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"65-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42910324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological and Biological Behaviorof Nesting Colony of Bubulcus ibisin North-Western Algeria","authors":"A. Mohammedi, M. Kouidri, A. Mahmoudi, A. Ababou","doi":"10.22453/LSJ-021.1.001-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22453/LSJ-021.1.001-011","url":null,"abstract":"We studied a colony of the Western Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis located in the public garden on the northern outskirts of Chlef, north-western of Algeria, a site with 13 tree species; in this locality Cattle Egrets nested only on Ficus elastica, Jacaranda mimosifolia and Pinus halepensis. We observed the birds, each two weeks during the wintering period and weekly during the breeding season (February to August). To count the colony population, we used the method described by Dragonetti & Giovacchini (2009), called perimeter counts. Egg and nestling were recorded on 20 randomly selected nests and from different locations in each ofthe three nesting trees until all fledging. The number of Cattle Egrets at this site varied according to season, and was higher during the breeding season (1902 individuals) than during the wintering period (1210 individuals). Depending on the morphology of the trees hosting this colony, numbers of these birds varied from one tree to another. The nests observed are placed at relatively low heights, contrary to what has been described by some authors. Reproductive success is affected by the environmental conditions of the area and also by the physical and perhaps biochemical characteristics of the nest trees, but no difference in the location or orientation of the nests was noticed.","PeriodicalId":31081,"journal":{"name":"Lebanese Science Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47746560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of Cibacet Blue (CB) by Adsorption onto an Algerian Red Slag","authors":"F. Teboul, M. Naceur, B. Cheknane, A. Maazouzi","doi":"10.22453/LSJ-021.1.024-036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22453/LSJ-021.1.024-036","url":null,"abstract":"This study is based on the implementation of a composite material with absorbent properties for the elimination of organic pollutants.In our case we used the slag (red slag)from the region of Bechar, (South-East of Algeria). Characterization using DRX and Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer(FT-IR), shows that, we were able to prepare adsorbents with very interesting structural and mechanical properties. The effectiveness of obtained adsorbents was evaluated in the removal of Cibacet Blue (CB) dye using the adsorption process. Kinetic resultswith an elimination rate of 83 % show that, the time to equilibrium is influenced by experimental conditions such us, contact time, pH, initial concentration, temperature and adsorbent mass. Pseudo-first order model represent very well our experimental results with adjustment coefficients (R2) close to 1. Modeling of adsorption isotherms of the CB dye on the red slagshows that both models of Langmuir and Freundlich can present our results with acceptable adjustment coefficients (R2> 0.995).","PeriodicalId":31081,"journal":{"name":"Lebanese Science Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"24-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42233822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Change management in Higher Education: a New Perspective","authors":"F. Maroun, Ursula El Hage","doi":"10.22453/LSJ-021.2.156-181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22453/LSJ-021.2.156-181","url":null,"abstract":"Universities need to operate a transition from the common ‘traditional’ settings towards an education that contributes to a sustainable social change by preparing students to be change agents who care for others and for the well-being of society. We designed an interpretative qualitative approach using the unique case study of a Jesuit University, based on interviews with leaders of and participants to volunteering initiatives driven by that university. The objective of the study was to identify the drivers of change of the outreach model in higher education and analyze if the Jesuit way of doing things, or Jesuit tradition, is an effective tool to drive the change in universities. Five key drivers of change were identified (communication, participation, sharing, empathy and reflexivity), all in line with the characteristics of the Jesuit tradition. Both empathy and reflexivity are drivers of change, which were not cited in previous works on change management and may be considered as the study’s added value to the conceptual framework. The results of this study need to be confirmed on a larger sample of participants and would be enriched by a benchmarking work on Jesuit-led outreach bodies.","PeriodicalId":31081,"journal":{"name":"Lebanese Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42936754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First assessment of hybrid sparrow (Passer Domesticus x P. Hispaniolensis) damage on cereal crops in Ouargla (Algeria)","authors":"Hafsa Benras, O. Guezoul, Ahlame Benghedier, Atika Korichi","doi":"10.22453/lsj-020.3.380-390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22453/lsj-020.3.380-390","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was carried out in 2016 and 2017 in eight cereal farms in Ouargla, in the north of Algerian Sahara. The damage caused by hybrid sparrows on cereals (barley and wheat) showed that the loss due to individuals of (Passer domesticus x P hispaniolensis)on cereal plots varies between the visited farms and fluctuates between 0.28% (0.22 qls / ha) and 15.6% (10.8 qls / ha). In general, the damage caused by the sparrows was found to be more important on the periphery of the plots than in the centersof these plots. A significant relationship was found between the rate of damage and the approach of cereal plots to tree blocks, and the density of ears per sampled square. A good decision on the position of cereal plots within farms seems tobe a priority to avoid sparrow attacks.","PeriodicalId":31081,"journal":{"name":"Lebanese Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49016042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“My child has ADHD…am I ok?” The Psychological Burden of Caring for an ADHD child in Lebanon and its association to Caregivers’ Mental Health.","authors":"Melissa Matar, N. Zahreddine","doi":"10.22453/lsj-020.3.468-494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22453/lsj-020.3.468-494","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Previous studies have indicated that caregivers of ADHD children consider this disorder to be a psychological burden on their lives in all its aspects: social, occupational, and financial. As a result, these caregivers are marked with psychological morbidities including stress, anxiety and depression. While there have been reports of ADHD in Lebanon, there are no studies in Lebanon or in the Middle East that measure the psychological burden of ADHD on caregivers or its association to mental health. Therefore, this study aims to inspect the psychological burden of ADHD and assess the variation in stress, depression, and anxiety among caregivers of ADHD children. Methods: The study involves 120 Lebanese caregivers, 48 of which are caregivers of ADHD children and 72 are those of normally developing children. Caregivers are presented with three scales to report: DASS-21, SDQ and a CAPPA-adapted survey. Results: After analyzing the responses, we can infer that caregivers of ADHD children worry, avoid outside activities with their child, consider their child to be a strain on their family, on their occupation, and on their finances more than caregivers of normally developing children with ORs= 15.8, 20.3, 3.5, 13, and 3.7 respectively. Moreover, more caregivers of ADHD children reported depression (58% vs 26%) and anxiety (31% vs 14%) with higher mean scores on DASS-21 (mean= 14.98+/-6.2, p<0.001) for depression and (mean= 15.67+/- 5.02, p<0.001) for anxiety compared with caregivers of normally developing children. ORs= 4.7 and 3.7 for depression and anxiety respectively. In addition, mental health seems to be positively associated with each of the psychological burden and severity of the child’s ADHD. And in turn, the caregivers’ psychological burden is also positively associated to the child’s ADHD severity. Finally, mental health seems to be discriminant in caregiver gender, where more mothers show depression (64%), anxiety (75%) and stress (68%) than fathers of ADHD children. Conclusion: This study affirms that caring for a child with ADHD impacts the mental health of caregivers and their lives. Therefore, there are strong grounds to contemplate ways to help such a vulnerable group of caregivers in the Lebanese population.","PeriodicalId":31081,"journal":{"name":"Lebanese Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48454906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}