{"title":"Tangible Explainable AI - an Initial Conceptual Framework","authors":"Ashley Colley, Kaisa Väänänen, Jonna Häkkilä","doi":"10.1145/3568444.3568456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3568444.3568456","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) solutions are becoming prevalent in almost all aspects of human life. However, their acceptance may be limited by a lack of transparency of how the AI works. Explainable AI (XAI) aims to provide the users of AI systems with an understanding of why decisions are made, increasing trust in the system. To date, research into XAI has focused on the use of graphical user interfaces, presenting numerical, textual or graphical explanations. However, AI is increasingly being used in systems that include physical devices, and hence the need for explainability in physical or tangible user interfaces (TUI) is also increasing. We present an initial conceptual framework for tangible explainable AI (TangXAI), which identifies the potential approaches of communicating XAI through physical artifacts, using the concepts of data physicalization and tangible interaction. The framework provides a basis into which ongoing research of tangible explainable AI can be mapped and related research gaps identified.","PeriodicalId":310437,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123338777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luke Haliburton, Maximilian Lammel, Jakob Karolus, Albrecht Schmidt
{"title":"Think Inside the Box: Investigating the Consequences of Everyday Physical Opt-Out Strategies for Mindful Smartphone Use","authors":"Luke Haliburton, Maximilian Lammel, Jakob Karolus, Albrecht Schmidt","doi":"10.1145/3568444.3568452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3568444.3568452","url":null,"abstract":"Absent-minded smartphone use has become a catalyst for digital stress. It is often triggered by the mere presence of the device itself, inciting physical opt-out solutions with potentially severe drawbacks. Consequently, there is a need to explore the design dimensions and entailing limitations of physical opt-out methods, especially for everyday use. Informed through expert interviews and online questionnaires, we designed a proof of concept prototype that creates a physical barrier between users and their smartphones while maintaining ease of access. We evaluated our prototype concept in a two-week in-the-wild study, surfacing known benefits of physical opt-out strategies, such as encouraging reflection and supporting deliberate breaks. Although we reduced absent-minded use for users with a high predisposition, drawbacks such as Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) remain. Our work highlights that finding the appropriate amount of physical separation is essential when designing opt-out strategies for digital wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":310437,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127884170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obtrusive Subtleness and Why We Should Focus on Meaning, not Form, in Social Acceptability Studies","authors":"Alarith Uhde, Tim zum Hoff, Marc Hassenzahl","doi":"10.1145/3568444.3568457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3568444.3568457","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, interactive technologies are used almost everywhere. As a result, designers need to increasingly make them “socially acceptable”. Previous work recommends “subtle” forms of interaction to increase social acceptability and avoid negative experiences. Although often appropriate, such uniform recommendations neglect the variety of social situations. We demonstrate this limitation in an experiment (N=35), by comparing the observer experience of different forms of interaction in “face-to-face conversations”, a social situation rarely studied. Here, the typically recommended form of interaction (“subtle”) led to a more negative observer experience than the usually deprecated form (“suspenseful”), in terms of affective experience and product perception. It also made the user appear less extraverted. We conclude by positioning interactions with technology not as separate from the social situation in which they are performed, but as a constitutive part of it that meaningfully relates to other situated activities.","PeriodicalId":310437,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130367829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","authors":"","doi":"10.1145/3568444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3568444","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":310437,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125395687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}