American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry最新文献

{"title":"On Farm Performance of Finger Millet Varieties in Dera District of South Gondar Zone","authors":"A. Gashu, Adane Melak, Misganaw Anteneh","doi":"10.11648/j.ajaf.20241204.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20241204.11","url":null,"abstract":"Finger millet is an important food security crop and beneficial for human health. This study aimed to evaluate the on farm performance of the finger millet varieties in Dera district. The study took place in Korata Kebele and assessed grain yield and farmer feedback. The performance differences between the Necho variety (the demonstrated variety) and the farmers' variety were evaluated. Recent 10 years' grain yield data from the Dera district agriculture office was used to analyze the growth rates of area coverage, production, and productivity in the district using the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR). Furthermore, the performance of the Necho variety was compared to its potential and farmer variety using the technology gap, extension gap, and technology index. From 2014 to 2018, the annual growth rate of area coverage and productivity in Dera district declined by 1.6% and 1.7% per year, respectively. Moreover, from 2019 to 2023, the average annual growth rate of area coverage, production, and productivity decreased by 0.75%, 2.6%, and 3.4% per year, respectively. The technology index for the Necho variety in the production seasons of 2021, 2022, and 2023 was -4%, 16%, and 36%, respectively. The higher value in the 2023 season indicated a decline in the performance of the Necho variety compared to the farmer variety. This decline was attributed to the occurrence of blast disease. To address this issue, it is recommended to practice early planting and use recommended fungicides (Natura 250EW and Tilt 250EC). The district agriculture office must ensure easy accessibility of these fungicides in the market for farmers to utilize.\u0000","PeriodicalId":310130,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":" 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Names and New Combinations of <i>Jarava</i>, <i>Cinna</i>, <i>Coleanthus</i>,<i> Sclerochloa</i> and<i> Graphephorum</i> (Poales)","authors":"Da-Li Fu","doi":"10.11648/j.ajaf.20241204.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20241204.13","url":null,"abstract":"When establishing a new genus, the utilization of incorrect genera or mere synonyms as comparative taxa will inevitably result in the emergence of a new synonym and leading to new taxonomic confusions. However, both traditional taxonomy and modern phylogeny have limitations in their objectivity and impartiality when it comes to accurately identifying taxa for scientific comparison. In order to scientifically identify the genus synonyms and resolving the taxonomic nomenclature confusions within three families of Stipaceae Burnett, Avenaceae Martinov and Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnh (Poales Small), using the minimum criterion PHS (phylogenetic similarity) ≤ 0.928 (inter genera) for genus classification by CPCG (chloroplast complete genomes) of Fructophyta D.L.Fu & H.Fu, total 19 current synonyms of the five genera of <i>Jarava</i> Ruiz et Pav, <i>Graphephorum </i>Desv., <i>Cinna </i>L., <i>Coleanthus </i>Seidl and <i>Sclerochloa </i>P.Beauv. have been identified, 4 current synonyms of the genus <i>Jarava</i> Ruiz et Pav including <i>Amelichloa </i>Arriaga & Barkworth,<i> Eriocoma</i> Nutt., <i>Nassella </i>(Trin.) É.Desv. and <i>Pseudoeriocoma</i> Romasch. et al., 6 current synonyms of the genus <i>Graphephorum </i>Desv. being <i>Cinnagrostis </i>Griseb., <i>Leptophyllochloa </i>C.E.Calderón ex Nicora, <i>Limnodea </i>Dewey, <i>Peyritschia </i>E.Fourn., <i>Sphenopholis</i> Scribn. and <i>Trisetopsis </i>Röser & A.Wölk, 7 current synonyms of the genus <i>Cinna </i>L. being <i>Aniselytron</i> Merr., <i>Arctagrostis </i>Griseb., <i>Dupontia </i>R.Br., <i>Festucella </i>E.B.Alexeev, <i>Hookerochloa </i>E.B.Alexeev, <i>Nicoraepoa </i>Soreng & L.J.Gillespie, <i>Saxipoa </i>Soreng et al. and <i>Sylvipoa</i> Soreng, 1 current synonym of the genus <i>Coleanthus </i>Seidl being <i>Phippsia </i>(Trin.) R.Br and 1 current synonym of the genus <i>Sclerochloa </i>P.Beauv. being <i>Puccinellia</i> Parl.. Additionally, 10 new specific names such as <i>Jarava thurberiana </i>Piper ex D.L.Fu, <i>Graphephorum prasinum</i> D.L.Fu and<i> Cinna trinii </i>D.L.Fu, along with 406 new specific combinations like<i> Jarava acuta</i> (Swallen) D.L.Fu,<i> Graphephorum cernuum</i> (Trin.) D.L.Fu,<i> Coleanthus algidus </i>(Sol.) D.L.Fu and <i>Sclerochloa acroxantha</i> (C.A.Sm. & C.E.Hubb.) D.L.Fu have been scientifically and validly published. These publications will effectively resolve taxonomic nomenclature confusions in a scientific manner and establish a solid foundation for evolutionary system research within the order Poales Small.\u0000","PeriodicalId":310130,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":" 109","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Organic Farming on Soil Probiotics of Double Rice Cropping System in South China","authors":"Yufei Li, Puilam Wu, Zhekuan Che, Jiayu Cai, San Wen, Orchid Yan, Xiujie Zhan, Jiaxue Ma","doi":"10.11648/j.ajaf.20241204.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20241204.12","url":null,"abstract":"Organic management practices of double rice cropping can contribute to soil health and crop productivity. However, the impact of organic versus conventional farming practices (CK) on the diversity and functionality of soil probiotics remains poorly understood, despite growing interest in sustainable agricultural methods. To this end, this study evaluated the effects of these farming systems in double rice production on soil microbial communities using metagenomic sequencing and the PROBIO database. Our study accessed the Shannon and Simpson diversity indices of soil probiotics between the two farming systems. Specifically, the Shannon index values were 93.82 for CK and 93.51 for organic farming, showing no statistically significant difference. Similarly, the Simpson index values were 6.18 for CK and 6.46 for organic farming, also demonstrating no significant variance. However, distinct variations in microbial community compositions were observed. Organic farming significantly increased (P < 0.05) the abundance of probiotics that benefit plant growth and nitrogen supply, but reduced those associated with plant nutrient supply and yield. The results show that while organic farming can positively influence certain microbial functions beneficial for sustainable agriculture, it also presents challenges that may affect crop productivity and ecosystem services. These findings suggest that organic farming practices need to be carefully managed to harness the benefits of enhanced microbial functions without compromising crop yields.\u0000","PeriodicalId":310130,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women and Agricultural Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas in West Africa: Case of Benin","authors":"Eyitayo Kegnide, F. Vodouhè, Aklesso Y. G. Egbendewe, Jacob A Yabi","doi":"10.11648/j.ajaf.20241203.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20241203.16","url":null,"abstract":"This research identified factors that can influence the forms of women's entrepreneurship in rural areas in Benin. The Harmonized Survey on Living Conditions of Households database carried out in 2018 was used for the study. Data in several countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo) and financed by the World Bank. The annual survey to monitor the living conditions of households is part of the perspective of a better knowledge of poverty in WAEMU member countries, in order to understand its manifestations. This Data were submitted to a multinomial logistic regression model and, rural women in agricultural entrepreneurship were categorized into three groups based on sources of funding: entrepreneurship with access to credit (1.70%), entrepreneurship in association (17.88%), and entrepreneurship with equity (80.42%). The regression model identified factors such as socio-cultural affiliation, religion, geographical location, age, marital status, and the mother's branch of activity as social factors that determine the choice of forms of entrepreneurship. In addition to these factors, the study identified some constraints on women's agricultural entrepreneurship such as lack of employment, lack of access to land, level of education, access to water and grazing sites, floods/droughts, poor management, and poor sales of agricultural products as exogenous factors. Improvement of these factors could promote women's agricultural entrepreneurship in rural areas.\u0000","PeriodicalId":310130,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"134 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141388792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanised Removal of Cocoa Beans from the Pod and Strategies to Optimize the Technique: A Review","authors":"Amuaku Randy, Eric Asante, E. Bobobee, Godwin Amano","doi":"10.11648/j.ajaf.20241203.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20241203.15","url":null,"abstract":"Confronted with problems associated with removing cocoa beans, methods, technologies and equipment have been developed and applied over the years. This paper comprehensively reviews the most effective method and technology to split cocoa pods and remove the beans. The working principle of the technique was explained with the cocoa pod opening mechanism, structures applicability and cost of the working method. The forces involved in opening cocoa pods are shearing, compressive, and impact depending on the machine type and the process used. The techniques applied in opening cocoa pods are grouped into traditional (manual) and improved (mechanised). The manual method of opening the cocoa pod is time-consuming and prone to accidents leading to injury to beans and farmers. The strength of the labour force available during harvest also affects the manual method. When cocoa beans are damaged, they deteriorate and are not appropriate for fermentation. The mechanised splitting has a high initial investment but very fast and reduced losses. Information gathered on cocoa pod mechanization shows that despite the countless efforts in developing various opening mechanisms. a high bean damage ratio and separation problems are still yet to be controlled. The current trends and techniques in cocoa pod opening mechanisms are also presented.\u0000","PeriodicalId":310130,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141388433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Names and New Combinations of <i>Phyllostachys</i> Sieb. & Zucc. (Bambusaceae)","authors":"Da-Li Fu, Hao Fu","doi":"10.11648/j.ajaf.20241202.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20241202.14","url":null,"abstract":"The minimum criterion PHS (phylogenetic similarity) ≤ 0.928 (inter genera) for genus classification by CPCG (chloroplast complete genomes) of Fructophyta D.L.Fu & H.Fu is initially proposed. As a result, 34 current synonyms of the genus<i> Phyllostachys</i> Sieb. & Zucc. (Bambusaceae Burnett) have been identified, including <i>Acidosasa </i>C.D.Chu & C.S.Chao, <i>Ampelocalamus </i>S.L.Chen, T.H.Wen & G.Y.Sheng, <i>Arundinaria </i>Michx., <i>Bashania </i>Keng f. & T.P.Yi, <i>Bergbambos </i>Stapleton, <i>Chimonobambusa </i>Makino, <i>Drepanostachyum </i>Keng f., <i>Fargesia </i>Franch., <i>Ferrocalamus </i>Hsueh & P.J.Keng, <i>Gaoligongshania</i> D.Z.Li, Hsueh & N.H.Xia, <i>Gelidocalamus </i>T.H.Wen, <i>Himalayacalamus</i> Keng f., <i>Indocalamus</i> Nakai, <i>Indosasa</i> McClure, <i>Kengiochloa </i>Y.H.Tong & N.H.Xia, <i>Khoonmengia</i> N.H.Xia, Y.H.Tong & X.R.Zheng, <i>Kuruna</i> Attigala, Kathr. & L.G.Clark, <i>Oldeania </i>Stapleton, <i>Oligostachyum</i> Z.P.Wang & G.H.Ye, <i>Pleioblastus</i> Nakai, <i>Pseudosasa </i>Makino ex Nakai, <i>Ravenochloa</i> D.Z.Li & Y.X.Zhang, <i>Sarocalamus</i> Stapleton, <i>Sasa</i> Makino & Shibata, <i>Sasaella</i> Makino, <i>Sasamorpha </i>Nakai, <i>Semiarundinaria</i> Makino ex Nakai, <i>Shibataea</i> Makino ex Nakai, <i>Sinobambusa</i> Makino ex Nakai, <i>Sinosasa</i> L.C.Chia ex N.H.Xia, Q.M.Qin & Y.H.Tong, <i>Thamnocalamus</i> Munro, <i>Tongpeia</i> Stapleton, <i>Vietnamocalamus </i>T.Q.Nguyen and <i>Yushania</i> Keng f.. Additionally, 82 new specific names such as <i>Phyllostachys aristiformis</i> D.L.Fu & H.Fu and <i>Phyllostachys hackelii</i> Ohrnb. ex D.L.Fu, along with 454 new specific combinations like <i>Phyllostachys abietina</i> (T.P.Yi & L.Yang) D.L.Fu and <i>Phyllostachys actinotricha</i> (Merr. & Chun) D.L.Fu have been scientifically and validly published. These publications will effectively resolve taxonomic nomenclature confusion in a scientific manner and establish a solid foundation for evolutionary system research within the family Bambusaceae.","PeriodicalId":310130,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"239 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140751895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Registration of Newly Released Food Barley (<i>HondiumVulgare L.</i>) Variety ‘Gesse’ for High Potential Barley Growing Areas in Ethiopia","authors":"Hiwot Sebsibe, Endeshaw Tadesse, Ermias Teshome, Tilahun Bayisa, Girma Degfe","doi":"10.11648/ajaf.20241201.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/ajaf.20241201.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":310130,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"84 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139821873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Registration of Newly Released Food Barley (<i>HondiumVulgare L.</i>) Variety ‘Gesse’ for High Potential Barley Growing Areas in Ethiopia","authors":"Hiwot Sebsibe, Endeshaw Tadesse, Ermias Teshome, Tilahun Bayisa, Girma Degfe","doi":"10.11648/ajaf.20241201.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/ajaf.20241201.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":310130,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139881856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) Genotypes for Adaptability, Diseases Resistant and Yields for Farmers of Bamenda, Cameroon","authors":"Lendzemo Eugene Tatah, T. Achiri, Likejungki Verla, Mbulav Etienne Sighansenyuy, Chi Christopher, Njualem Dominic Khumbah","doi":"10.11648/j.ajaf.20231106.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20231106.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":310130,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"349 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Regression Modelling Approach for Stem Volume Estimation of Two Exotic Plantations within Dogo-Kétou Forest Reserve, Benin Republic","authors":"Dende Ibrahim Adekanmbi, Adandé Belarmain Fandohan, Marc Aimé Tchoumado, Agossou Bruno Djossa","doi":"10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.17","url":null,"abstract":": Stem volume models play an important role in forest management, evaluating the economic value of a forest stand and assisting forest managers and other interested parties in determining the optimal strategies for the utilization and conservation of forest resources. Little attention is given to the use of multivariate regression models for plantation species in the study area. This study involved the development of a multivariate regression equation with continuous and categorical independent variables for simultaneous prediction of merchantable volume for Gmelina arborea and Tectona grandis in Dogo-Ketou Forest Reserve. Simple random sampling technique was adopted for plot location from the selected two plantations. Thirty-one temporary plots of dimension 25m by 25m were selected for complete enumeration in all the two plantations of the same age. Tree growth variables measured included diameter at breast height (Dbh) and merchantable height. All data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis. The predictors for the equation were Dbh, merchantable height and tree species type. The results of the analysis revealed that Gmelina arborea exhibited higher average Dbh and height, wider Dbh and height range, more pronounced positive skewness in Dbh distribution, and more negative skewness in height distribution compared to Tectona grandis . Kurtosis values indicated relatively flatter Dbh and height distributions for both species, with Gmelina arborea showing a more peaked height distribution. Gmelina arborea also showed higher mean volume than Tectona grandis . The multivariate regression model developed is: Volume (m 3 ) = -0.467 + 0.024*(Height) + 2.683*(Dbh) + 0.016 (Tree species) with R 2 of 91.3%. The diameter at breast height (Dbh), height, and tree species were found to be statistically significant predictors for stem volume estimation. The developed model for both plantation species will provide useful basis for yield prediction in the study area.","PeriodicalId":310130,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133956491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}