New Names and New Combinations of Jarava, Cinna, Coleanthus, Sclerochloa and Graphephorum (Poales)

When establishing a new genus, the utilization of incorrect genera or mere synonyms as comparative taxa will inevitably result in the emergence of a new synonym and leading to new taxonomic confusions. However, both traditional taxonomy and modern phylogeny have limitations in their objectivity and impartiality when it comes to accurately identifying taxa for scientific comparison. In order to scientifically identify the genus synonyms and resolving the taxonomic nomenclature confusions within three families of Stipaceae Burnett, Avenaceae Martinov and Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnh (Poales Small), using the minimum criterion PHS (phylogenetic similarity) ≤ 0.928 (inter genera) for genus classification by CPCG (chloroplast complete genomes) of Fructophyta D.L.Fu & H.Fu, total 19 current synonyms of the five genera of Jarava Ruiz et Pav, Graphephorum Desv., Cinna L., Coleanthus Seidl and Sclerochloa P.Beauv. have been identified, 4 current synonyms of the genus Jarava Ruiz et Pav including Amelichloa Arriaga & Barkworth, Eriocoma Nutt., Nassella (Trin.) É.Desv. and Pseudoeriocoma Romasch. et al., 6 current synonyms of the genus Graphephorum Desv. being Cinnagrostis Griseb., Leptophyllochloa C.E.Calderón ex Nicora, Limnodea Dewey, Peyritschia E.Fourn., Sphenopholis Scribn. and Trisetopsis Röser & A.Wölk, 7 current synonyms of the genus Cinna L. being Aniselytron Merr., Arctagrostis Griseb., Dupontia R.Br., Festucella E.B.Alexeev, Hookerochloa E.B.Alexeev, Nicoraepoa Soreng & L.J.Gillespie, Saxipoa Soreng et al. and Sylvipoa Soreng, 1 current synonym of the genus Coleanthus Seidl being Phippsia (Trin.) R.Br and 1 current synonym of the genus Sclerochloa P.Beauv. being Puccinellia Parl.. Additionally, 10 new specific names such as Jarava thurberiana Piper ex D.L.Fu, Graphephorum prasinum D.L.Fu and Cinna trinii D.L.Fu, along with 406 new specific combinations like Jarava acuta (Swallen) D.L.Fu, Graphephorum cernuum (Trin.) D.L.Fu, Coleanthus algidus (Sol.) D.L.Fu and Sclerochloa acroxantha (C.A.Sm. & C.E.Hubb.) D.L.Fu have been scientifically and validly published. These publications will effectively resolve taxonomic nomenclature confusions in a scientific manner and establish a solid foundation for evolutionary system research within the order Poales Small.