Infarma Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Review and comparison of acceptance criteria for Senna and its preparations according to BP (2015 and 2020) and USP-NF (39-34 and 43-38)","authors":"L. Khodaie, Saurabh Bhatia, A. Al-Harrasi","doi":"10.34172/ps.2021.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ps.2021.80","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Quality and quantity assurance of herbs are global concerns. This study aimed to classify and compare the monographs and test procedures of Senna parts and preparations according to two editions of BP and USP-NF. The monographs and specifications were compared to suggest an applicable approach to extract relevant data. Methods: BP 2015 and 2020, USP-NF 39-34 and 43-38, as well as scientific databases were used for literature review. Results: the results of this study were classified in 3 tables; table 1 classified specifications of herbal monographs in pharmacopeias. Table 2 classified various identification tests, measurement methods, and standard phytochemicals for quantitative assays. Table 3 outlined and categorized related physicochemical and contamination tests for quality assurance according to two editions of BP and USP-NF. In both editions of USP-NF, only sennosides powder and tablets were required to be analyzed for heavy metals. Hence, microbial contamination tests were merely included for leaves and pods of Senna. In both editions of BP, assessment of microbial contamination was merely included in the monograph of dry extract of Senna, not for the rest of monographs. Comparing two editions of BP indicated that in BP 2020, LC and HPTLC methods were added to assure the quality of pods and leaflets of Senna species. Conclusion: preparation of tabular data will assist analysts to extract desired information and guidelines to prepare licensed herbal products. This approach could be applicable to select relevant tests according to the facilities and equipment of laboratories.","PeriodicalId":31004,"journal":{"name":"Infarma Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91006067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of The Presence of sas Family Genes and Their Relationship with Biofilm Formation among Clinical Staphylococcus aureus Isolates","authors":"A. Hasani, L. Dehghani, Elghar Soltani, H. Ebrahimzadeh Leylabadlo","doi":"10.34172/ps.2021.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ps.2021.78","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The success of Staphylococcus aureus is as an important human pathogen is probably due to possession of various virulence determinants. Attachment and biofilm formation is considered the main step in any infection. The present study aimed to determine the presence of S. aureus surface (sas) genes and their association with biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. Methods: S. aureus isolates collected were analyzed for biofilm formation using polystyrene microtitre plates. All S. aureus isolates were also examined for the determination of sas genes by PCR assays and antibiotic susceptibility assay by disk diffusion method. Results: Biofilm formation assay revealed that 29 S.aureus isolates were weak biofilm producers, 57 had moderate biofilm production, while only five isolates showed strong biofilm formation. The biofilm production was not revealed among nine isolates. The frequency of sas genes were 95 (88%), 94 (87%), 94 (87%), 92 (85.2%), 98 (90.7%), 93 (86.1%), 97 (89.8%), 87 (80.6%), and 85 (78.7%) for sasF, sasA, sasC, sasE, sasG, sasH, sasI, sasJ, and sasK genes, respectively. Conclusion: High incidence of biofilm production was noticed in S.aureus strains positive for sas genes indicating the precise role of them as virulence-associated genes. Moreover, phenotypically weak or moderate biofilm formation can be well managed by antibiotic therapeutics and allow timely elimination of planktonic cells prior biofilm production.","PeriodicalId":31004,"journal":{"name":"Infarma Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88260231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell-penetrating peptide-surface modified liposomes to enhance the intestinal absorption of enoxaparin","authors":"Hessam Rostamian, H. Valizadeh, M. Mahmoudian, Z. Islambulchilar, P. Zakeri-Milani","doi":"10.34172/ps.2021.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ps.2021.77","url":null,"abstract":"Enoxaparin is low-molecular-weight heparin administered by subcutaneous/intravenous injection. The oral bioavailability of enoxaparin is restricted by its low absorption through the intestine. In this study cell-penetrating peptide-surface functionalized liposomes (CPPs-L) were prepared to improve the intestinal absorption of enoxaparin. Liposomal formulations were prepared by the ethanol injection method and the intestinal absorption of the formulation was evaluated using single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) technique in rats. Meanwhile, the human fraction dose absorbed value (Fa (human)) of the formulations were predicted based on the calculated effective intestinal permeability (P effect (rat)) values obtained from the SPIP study. Liposomal enoxaparin revealed an increased intestinal absorption by ten-time compared with the free drug solution. Meanwhile, CPPs-L formulation revealed an enhanced intestinal absorption compared with the un-modified liposomal formulation. Regarding Fa (human), it is predicted that liposomal formulations could have the potential to improve the fraction dose absorbed of enoxaparin from low to intermediate level. Overall, the liposomal formulation can be considered as a mighty drug carrier for the oral delivery of enoxaparin.","PeriodicalId":31004,"journal":{"name":"Infarma Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88906832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Andrographolide-loaded ethosomal gel for transdermal application: Formulation and in vitro penetration study","authors":"Nooryza Martihandini, Silvia Surini, A. Bahtiar","doi":"10.34172/ps.2021.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ps.2021.76","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Andrographolide is a phytoconstituent with anti-inflammatory activity, however, the compound’s poor oral bioavailability has hindered its effective formulation for oral administration. This study, therefore, aims to develop an ethosome for improving andrographolide penetration through the transdermal delivery system. Methods: This study developed 3 ethosome formulas with different andrographolide-phospholipid weight ratios (1:8, 1:9; 1:10), using the thin-layer dispersion-sonication method. Subsequently, the ethosomes were evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, as well as entrapment efficiency, and incorporated into a gel dosage form. Subsequently, an in vitro penetration study was performed using Franz diffusion cells for 24 hours and the stability of the gels at 5 ± 2°C, 30 ± 2°C, and 40 ± 2°C, were studied for 3 months. Results: The results showed the optimal formula was E2, a 1:9 weight ratio formula of andrographolide and phospholipid. Based on the transmission electron micrograph, E2 possessed unilamellar, as well as spherical-shaped vesicles, and exhibited superior characteristics for transdermal delivery, with a particle size of 89.95 ± 0.75 nm, polydispersity index of 0.254 ± 0.020, a zeta potential of -39.3 ± 0.82 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 97.89 ± 0.02%. Furthermore, the cumulative andrographolide penetration and transdermal flux for the ethosomal gel of E2 (EG2) were 129.25 ± 4.66 µg/cm2 and 5.16 ± 0.10 µg/cm2/hours, respectively. All the ethosomal gel formulations exhibited improved penetration enhancement of andrographolide, compared to the nonethosomal formulations. Also, the andrographolide levels in the ethosomal and nonethosomal gels after 3 months ranged from 98.13 to 104.19%, 97.93 to 104.01%, and 97.23 to 102.26% at storage temperatures of 5 ± 2°C, 30 ± 2°C/RH 65% ± 5%, and 40 ± 2°C/RH 75% ± 5%, respectively. Conclusions: This study concluded that encapsulation into ethosome enhances andrographolide delivery through the skin.","PeriodicalId":31004,"journal":{"name":"Infarma Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"146 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72474019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active Targeting Gold Nanoparticle for Chemotherapy Drug Delivery: A Review","authors":"A. Gumala, Sutriyo Sutriyo","doi":"10.34172/ps.2021.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ps.2021.75","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Active targeting strategy in chemotherapy drug delivery aims to improve the therapeutic outcomes and minimise the side effects of chemotherapeutics. This review discusses utilising ligands attached to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) along with several specific ligands attached to AuNPs for active targeting in chemotherapy drug delivery. Key finding Antibodies, peptides, vitamins, DNA, polysaccharides, aptamers, and hormones showed active-targeting abilities as ligands attached to AuNPs. Active-targeting AuNPs enhanced cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in a specific cancer cell in vitro while reducing tumor growth in vivo by improving the photothermal, photodynamic and chemotherapy effects. Active-targeting ligands increased the internalization of AuNPs loaded onto the specific tumour site and minimised the accumulation in the normal site. Conclusion AuNPs with active-targeting ligands such as antibodies, peptides, vitamins, DNA polysaccharides, aptamers, and hormones can improve the therapeutic outcomes of chemotherapeutics and can attenuate the toxicity effect in normal cells. For further research and development, researchers should be addressing AuNP characterization, drug–ligand disposition, active-targeting AuNP quantification, and target-AuNPs pertinence concerning the desired therapeutic outcomes.","PeriodicalId":31004,"journal":{"name":"Infarma Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84772532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of method selectivity and binders on the properties of carbamazepine granules and their applications: A case study","authors":"R. Shete, B. Thorat, P. Amin","doi":"10.34172/ps.2021.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ps.2021.73","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a BCS II class drug, having many challenges in solubility, flowability, and compactibility. The study focused on the improvement of solubility, flow behavior, and drug release of carbamazepine. Methods: Low shear granulation (LSG), extrusion spheronization (ES), high shear granulation (HSG), fluid bed granulation (FBG), and hot melt granulation (HMG) methods were employed to prepare CBZ granules. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K29/32, PVP K90, and Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) E5 were used as a binder. The drug to binder ratio was maintained in the proportion of 95:5. The nature of granules was analyzed by using X-ray Diffraction and Differential Scanning Calorimetry techniques. A powder flow tester was utilized to study the flow characteristics of the granules. Results: The HMG has successfully converted the crystalline structure of CBZ granules into an amorphous form. Dispersive and distributive mixing in the HMG has achieved better solid dispersion and fast drug release. The ES technique has reported the incompressible nature of the granules. PVP K90 and HPMC E5 were superior binders for imparting strength to the CBZ granules than PVP K29/32. The FBG has exhibited the free-flowing nature of granules due to their uniform and spherical shape. Conclusion: The HMG and FBG were the most effective methods that have remarkably improved drug release, flow properties, and compactibility of CBZ granules.","PeriodicalId":31004,"journal":{"name":"Infarma Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84390994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Retracted Articles in Pharmacology and Pharmacy","authors":"Sara Jalalzadeh, A. Shayanfar, Fahime Abbasi","doi":"10.34172/ps.2021.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ps.2021.72","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":31004,"journal":{"name":"Infarma Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73471933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant activity and nano delivery of the most frequently applied stilbene derivatives: A brief and recent review","authors":"S. Choiri, Rafifah Fitriastuti, Firdausi Z Faradiva, Windy V Rahayu","doi":"10.34172/ps.2021.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ps.2021.71","url":null,"abstract":"As of recent, the appearance rate of several degenerative diseases and cancer influenced by oxidative stress continues to increase dramatically. Many compounds with high potential antioxidant activity have been explored and used extensively, i.e., as preventive or curative treatments. Stilbene and its derivates have high potential antioxidant activity contained in several botanical sources. To date, source exploration and antioxidant activity study of stilbene derivate has been reported. However, the nano-delivery of stilbene derivate meant to increase the antioxidant activity and stability is still a limited process. This review is devoted to brief and recent outlooks regarding the antioxidant activity and delivery system of the most frequently applied stilbene and its derivates, namely resveratrol and pterostilbene.","PeriodicalId":31004,"journal":{"name":"Infarma Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75092173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colchicine for the Prevention of Myocardial Injury Following Elective PCI: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"N. Aslanabadi, Sajad Khiali, Saeid Joudi, Milad Mamdouhi, Taher Entezari-Maleki","doi":"10.34172/ps.2021.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ps.2021.70","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Considering the potential benefits of colchicine in coronary artery diseases, we aimed to carry out the present study to assess the impact of colchicine in the prevention of myocardial injury following elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A randomized, single-blinded, clinical trial was carried out on 102 patients undergoing elective PCI. All patients received the standard treatment prior to performing PCI. Moreover, the intervention group received 1, 0.5, 0.5 mg colchicine 12 to 18 hours before, 30-60 min before, and 12 hours after PCI, respectively. Serum concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were measured before, 8, and 24 hours after the procedure to assess myocardial damage during PCI. Results: There were no significant differences in cTnI levels at baseline (P = 0.839), 8 (P = 0.729), and 24 hours (P = 0.398) after PCI between the intervention and the control groups. Likewise, no significant differences were seen regarding the mean differences of cTnI at baseline and 8 hours (P =0.190), at baseline and 24 hours (P = 0.780), and 8 and 24 hours after PCI (P = 0.680) in both groups. Conclusion: The study did not support the potential benefit of colchicine in the prevention of myocardial injury following elective PCI. Conducting well-designed randomized clinical trials with adequate sample size is recommended.","PeriodicalId":31004,"journal":{"name":"Infarma Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79999883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential anthelmintic and antioxidant activities of Jasminum fruticans L. and its phytochemical analysis","authors":"E. Akkol, E. Kozan, H. Bardakcı, T. Barak, Sara Khalilpour","doi":"10.34172/ps.2021.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ps.2021.69","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ethnobotanical investigations conducted in Turkey demonstrated that Jasminum fruticans L. extract and fruit juice had been used against parasites in animals. In this study, the possible antihelmintic activity of various J. fruticans extracts contributing to its traditional use, was relatively assessed. In addition, the antioxidant potentials and phytochemical composition of the extracts were investigated since there is a relationship between helminthiasis, oxidative stress and phenolic metabolites. Methods: In this study, aerial parts of J. fruticans were subsequently extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH). In vivo anthelmintic activitiy of the extracts was compared with albendazole used as a reference in adult earthworms. Various methods, including free radical scavenging and metal-related activity assays, were used to assess the antioxidant capacity of the above-mentioned extracts. Assessment of phenolic composition was accomplished through total phenolic, phenolic acid, and flavonoid content assays as well as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) scan modes. Further chlorogenic acid (3-O-caffeoylquinic acid) contents of extracts were quantified using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). Results: Between all tested extracts, MeOH extract at a quantity of 50.0 mg/mL, paralysed worms in 8.1 min and killed them in 12.8 min, showing a high anthelmintic effect similar to albendazole. Similarly, in vitro DPPH radical scavenging activity, cupric ion reduction and total antioxidant capacity experiments demonstrated that MeOH extract had significant antioxidant activity. Further phytochemical screening showed that MeOH extract was richer regarding phenolic metabolites. Chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid and gallic acid were only detected in the MeOH extract. Conclusion: Results justify and support the use of J. fruticans in traditional medicine as an anthelmintic agent. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between the strong antioxidant capacity along with the phenolic composition determined in the MeOH extract and anthelmintic activity.","PeriodicalId":31004,"journal":{"name":"Infarma Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77512429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}