Educational Process International Journal最新文献

{"title":"The Precarization of Educational Labor: The Examination of Teachers’ Job Insecurity Perceptions","authors":"İ. Çolak, Yahya Altınkurt","doi":"10.22521/edupij.2022.112.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2022.112.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background / purpose – In this study, the precarization of educational labor was identified in terms of teachers’ job insecurity perceptions. The purpose of the study was to examine the job insecurity perceptions of teachers with permanent, fixed-term, or temporary contracts. Materials / methods – Multiple case design was used in the study. The data of the study were collected from 30 teachers through semi-structured interviews and from 432 teachers using the Teachers’ Job Insecurity Scale, which was developed within the scope of the study. Thematic analysis, descriptive statistics, t -test, one-way ANOVA, Sidak test, and clustering analysis were used in the analysis of the obtained data. Results – The study’s results revealed that teachers perceived intense explicit and implicit job insecurity. Clustering analyses showed that 69% of the participants perceived moderate and high levels of both explicit and implicit job insecurity, whereas 73% perceived moderate and high levels of general job insecurity. Job insecurity had social, psychological, and educational effects. Justification of insecurity, instrumental use of power against job insecurity, acquiescence of job insecurity, and acceptance of job insecurity caused structuration of job insecurity. Conclusion – The study’s findings indicate that all teachers should be employed on a permanent contractual basis in order to reduce their perceptions of job insecurity and its effects. The autonomy of teachers within the teaching process should be increased, their employment benefits improved, and they should be economically empowered.","PeriodicalId":30989,"journal":{"name":"Educational Process International Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80701015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intellectual Level Scale (ILS-19) for School Administrators: Validity and Reliability Study","authors":"Abdurrahman Kardaş, Bilal Yildirim","doi":"10.22521/edupij.2022.112.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2022.112.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background / purpose – In addition to many competencies of school administrators, the level of intellectuality can increase the commitment of educational actors to the organization in schools with sociocultural diversity, which is considered as a wealth of Turkey. Considering the sociocultural developments of the present day, it is important to know the intellectual level of school administrators. The aim of this research is to develop a valid and reliable scale to determine the intellectual level of school administrators. Materials / methods – In the development of the Intellectual Level Scale (ILS-19), which consists of 19 items, 500 data were collected from teachers and analyzed using IBM’s SPSS statistical program. In this context, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted for construct validity and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for construct verification. Results – According to the results of the exploratory factor analysis, the Eigen value of the scale consists of two subdimensions greater than one, and which was found to explain 66.743% of the total variance. The factor loading values of the scale items ranged from 0.610 to 0.864. According to the results of the confirmatory factor analysis, the chi-square value, AGFI (Adjusted Goodness-of-Fit Index), GFI (Goodness-of-Fit Index), NFI (Normed Fit Index), and RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) values of the model were found to be at an acceptable level, whilst the IFI (Incremental Fit Index) excellent and RMR (Root Mean Square Residual) values were found to be at an excellent level. Conclusion – The developed Intellectual Level Scale is a measurement tool that can be used to determine the intellectual level of school administrators. Subject to adaptation, the scale may be applied as a measurement tool in studies to determine the intellectual level of any adult group.","PeriodicalId":30989,"journal":{"name":"Educational Process International Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86647443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of the Relationship between Childhood Trauma and Psychological Resilience in Preschool Teachers","authors":"Hatice Ozaslan, Rabia Seyma Gun, G. Akduman","doi":"10.22521/edupij.2022.112.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2022.112.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background / purpose – This paper investigated the relationship between childhood trauma and psychological resilience in preschool teachers. The study also determined whether psychological resilience depended on age. Materials / methods – The study adopted a correlational survey model. The sample consisted of 268 preschool teachers. Data were collected using a demographic characteristics questionnaire named the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33), and the Adult Resilience Measure (ARM-R). Results – The study’s results showed that higher CTQ-33 emotional abuse, emotional neglect, sexual abuse, and total CTQ-33 subscale scores have correspondingly lower ARM-R total and subscale scores. The results also showed that higher physical abuse, physical neglect, and overprotection–overcontrol subscale scores have correspondingly lower ARM-R relational resources, personal resources, and familial resources subscale and total ARM-R scores. There was no correlation found between the CTQ-33 physical abuse, physical neglect, and overprotection–overcontrol subscale scores and the ARM-R cultural and contextual resources subscale scores. The results showed that age did not affect the participants’ ARM-R subscale or total scores. Conclusion – The study’s results revealed a negative correlation between childhood trauma and psychological resilience. Age did not affect psychological resilience levels. The CTQ-33 emotional neglect subscale score was found to be negatively and moderately correlated with the ARM-R relational resources ( r = -.482) and personal resources ( r = -.435) subscale scores and the total ARM-R score ( r = -.576). The CTQ-33 emotional neglect subscale score was found to be negatively and weakly correlated with the ARM-R cultural and contextual resources ( r = -.192) subscale score. The CTQ-33 emotional neglect subscale score was found to be negatively and highly correlated with the ARM-R familial resources ( r = -.705) subscale score. These results show that a higher CTQ-33 emotional neglect subscale score results in correspondingly lower ARM-R scores. The CTQ-33 sexual abuse subscale score was found to be negatively and moderately correlated with the ARM-R relational resources ( r = -.300) and familial resources ( r = -.200) subscale scores and also the total ARM-R score ( r = -.347). The CTQ-33 sexual abuse subscale score was found to be negatively and weakly correlated with the ARM-R personal resources ( r = -.150) and cultural and contextual resources ( r = -.200) subscale scores. These results show that a higher CTQ-33 sexual abuse subscale score has correspondingly lower ARM-R scores. The results show that age did not affect the participant teachers’ ARM-R subscale and total scores ( p > .05).","PeriodicalId":30989,"journal":{"name":"Educational Process International Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91283104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Exploration of Literary Genres Through the Eyes of Pre-Service English Teachers","authors":"Gamze Erdem Coşgun","doi":"10.22521/edupij.2022.111.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2022.111.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30989,"journal":{"name":"Educational Process International Journal","volume":"13 11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76025065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teachers’ Perspectives on Teaching and Learning during the Pandemic in the United States","authors":"Ximena D. Burgin, Mayra C. Daniel, T. Wasonga","doi":"10.22521/edupij.2022.113.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2022.113.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background/purpose - As COVID-19 spread around the globe, learning was greatly impacted, with teachers having to pivot to remote delivery. This study documented teachers' perceptions on the transition to online teaching and learning. Materials/methods - The phenomenological approach was used to gather and analyze responses to open-ended survey questions that solicited teachers' reflections on the benefits and challenges of instructing online, the quality of interactions with families, and the support provided by the leadership in school districts. Results - Two themes emerged from the data, teachers' challenges adjusting to new circumstances, and the complexities of meeting students' needs remotely while maintaining high academic expectations in pedagogy, instructional content, student outcomes and engagement, and parental involvement. Conclusion - Student engagement during remote learning indicate the need for educators and technology designers to begin to consider the future of learning in online formats among younger children. Copyright © 2022 by the author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-4.0), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited.","PeriodicalId":30989,"journal":{"name":"Educational Process International Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85983384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the Mediating Effect of Psychological Resilience on the Relationship between COVID-19 Fear and Happiness","authors":"Ramazan Yirci, E. Atalmiş, Gulseda Kirisci","doi":"10.22521/edupij.2022.112.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2022.112.8","url":null,"abstract":"Background / purpose – Psychological resilience is considered a factor that can support teachers’ adaptation to rapidly changing situations such as COVID-19, and in turn help to reduce the fear they may experience. The current study aims to examine the effect of COVID19 fear on happiness through the mediating effect of psychological resilience based on teachers' perceptions. Materials / methods – The study was designed according to the relational survey model, and was conducted with the participation of 346 teachers. Research data were collected through online surveys. The study used the Sobel, Aroian, and Goodman tests to test the significance of the effect of the mediator variables between the dependent and independent variables Results – The results of the study showed that teachers’ fear of COVID-19 significantly affected their happiness level. However, it was found that fear related to COVID-19 significantly predicted resilience and teachers’ resilience level had a significant effect on their happiness. Conclusion – Fear and resilience associated with COVID-19 have a significant impact on happiness. In addition, psychological resilience was found to have a mediating effect on the relationship between fear and happiness associated with COVID-19. The findings of this study will lead the other researchers to expand their studies to assess other behavioral variables, such as apathy and depression that might influence the relationship between fear of covid, resilience and happiness.","PeriodicalId":30989,"journal":{"name":"Educational Process International Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87279086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Educational Employees’ Policy Alienation on Their Change Cynicism: An Investigation in the Turkish Public-Schooling Context","authors":"Tijen Tulubas","doi":"10.22521/edupij.2022.111.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2022.111.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30989,"journal":{"name":"Educational Process International Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78090671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learner Engagement in Using Kahoot! within a University English Proficiency Course","authors":"Mohd Zulfadli Mat Husin, Ruhil Amal Azmuddin","doi":"10.22521/edupij.2022.112.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2022.112.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background / purpose – Game-based learning is becoming increasingly popular among educators in higher institutions. However, it can be a daunting task for educators to ascertain which of the currently available game-based learning platforms best suits their learners’ needs. This study explored the suitability of Kahoot! as one of the most commonly used game-based learning platforms in education. The aim of study was to determine whether Kahoot! can be used to engage learners and reinforce learning for academic purposes in higher education institutions. Materials / methods – Data were collected among 80 science and technology undergraduate students enrolled to an “English for Academic Communication” course, which is compulsory for English language proficiency at the participant university. The students were exposed to the use of Kahoot! through several predetermined quizzes conducted during their lessons over a single 14-week semester. The study employed a two-part, 24-item, Likert-type scale administered via Google Forms. The questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach alpha reliability analysis, which yielded a score of .97, confirming the questionnaire to be a reliable instrument. Results – The study’s findings revealed that the participant students found Kahoot! to be fun, enjoyable, engaging, and interesting to use. Conclusion – The participant students also believed that Kahoot! was able to consolidate and reinforce learning in academic courses, which is integral to the higher education context in terms of creating better classroom dynamics.","PeriodicalId":30989,"journal":{"name":"Educational Process International Journal","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87000335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a Web Game for the Teaching-Learning Process of Electronics during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"R. Salas-Rueda, C. Alvarado-Zamorano, J. Ramírez-Ortega","doi":"10.22521/edupij.2022.112.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2022.112.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background / purpose – During the COVID-19 pandemic, teachers were required to update school activities using various technological tools. The aim of this mixed research was the construction and usage analysis of the Digital Game for the teaching-learning process on Electronics (DGE) version 3.0 in the Combinational Circuits unit through data science. Materials / methods – DGE version 3.0 facilitates the construction of new educational spaces in the distance modality. This web game consists of a simulator that presents the contents of the output function for two variables and their representation through logic gates. The participants of the study were 15 electronic and electrical engineering students who took a digital design course at the National Autonomous University of Mexico during the 2021 academic year. Results – The machine learning (linear regression) results indicate that the interface, design, and color of the DGE version 3.0 web game positively influenced the students’ assimilation of knowledge and skills development in the field of electronics. On the other hand, the decision tree technique identified six predictive models with regards to the use of the DGE version 3.0. Conclusion – Technological advances such as web gaming can facilitate the teaching-learning process from virtually any location.","PeriodicalId":30989,"journal":{"name":"Educational Process International Journal","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74935780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apps to Promote Computational Thinking and Coding Skills to Young Age Children: A Pedagogical Challenge for the 21st Century Learners","authors":"Stamatios Papadakis","doi":"10.22521/edupij.2022.111.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2022.111.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background / purpose – At the beginning of the 21st century, Computational Thinking (CT) and coding were typically considered part of secondary education programs, focusing on programming and algorithm development. The early childhood classroom was not expected to find students who developed coding skills. Nevertheless, as has been the case lately, CT and coding have been characterized as fundamental skills of the 21st century, not only for computer scientists but all for citizens. However, through developmentally appropriate technologies, the development of coding skills is increasingly possible, and the result may be the advancement of CT fluency or at least familiarity in young age children. Given the enormous success of smart mobile devices and accompanying mobile apps, the question is whether apps provide the children of preschool and pre-primary school age with opportunities to cultivate their basic coding and CT skills. This study is a review article that presents a brief literature review on the apps that promote themselves that can cultivate CT and coding skills of young students. Materials / methods – This paper presents a literature review of empirical studies on apps that promote themselves to support young children’s learning of CT and coding skills. Results – Despite the abundance of 'self-proclaimed educational' apps for children, there is a need for developmentally appropriate apps, specifically designed for young people to promote the development of CT concepts and coding skills in young children's life. Conclusion – This study contributes to a small but growing body of literature investigating how children process and learn fundamental coding skills from touchscreen devices. The findings of this study provide evidence that young age children can facilitate early STEM learning and foundational coding skills from developmentally appropriate playful learning experiences on smart mobile devices.","PeriodicalId":30989,"journal":{"name":"Educational Process International Journal","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84073409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}