International STEAM Communications最新文献

Nutritional Supplements in Alpine Skiing: Enhancing Performance and Managing Risks 高山滑雪运动中的营养补充剂：提高成绩和控制风险

International STEAM Communications Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.37906/isteamc.22024.4

Changwook Chung

引用次数: 0

Applying the Coase theorem to optimize levels of environmental investment screening 应用科斯定理优化环境投资筛选水平

International STEAM Communications Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.37906/isteamc.2024.3

Youngyeon Kim

引用次数: 0

Estimating Baryon Density through the CAMB and Assessing its Reliability 通过 CAMB 估算重子密度并评估其可靠性

International STEAM Communications Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.37906/isteamc.22024.2

Samuel Lee

{"title":"Estimating Baryon Density through the CAMB and Assessing its Reliability","authors":"Samuel Lee","doi":"10.37906/isteamc.22024.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37906/isteamc.22024.2","url":null,"abstract":"The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation and its anisotropies allow us to analyze many properties and phenomena of the early universe. One such important property is the Baryon Density(Ω_b), a cosmological constant for the density of Baryons in the universe in comparison to its critical density. Baryon Density affects the interactions of matter in the early universe and therefore the analysis of CMB Anisotropies to study how matter interacts allows for the estimation of the Baryon Density in the Early Universe. Understanding Ω_b, is crucial as it reveals information about the composition of the universe, such as the amount of dark matter and dark energy, the early formation of celestial bodies and matter-antimatter asymmetry. This paper aimed to test the reliability of CAMB, a simulation algorithm for CMB anisotropies, by estimating Ω_b h^2. The CAMB mainly utilizes a combination of field equations, the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker metric, Fluid Equations, the Boltzmann Equation and Linear Perturbation theory in order to compute the CMB power spectra. We estimated the value of Ω_b h^2, maintaining other cosmological parameters constant and changing Ω_b h^2 from 0.01 to 0.03 in increments of 0.000625. The peaks, troughs, positions, damping scale and amplitudes of the resultant TT and TE power spectra were compared with data from the Planck Satellite. We use chi-square minimization and find the best fit value and uncertainty forΩ_b h^2 to be 0.02325 ± 0.00015. The estimated value of the baryon density from our study was compared to existing estimates to evaluate the reliability of CAMB as a simulation and source of information for further CMB Anisotropy related research, where it was confirmed to be accurate. However, further developments using wider sets of data was acknowledged with deep learning being a potential step forward.","PeriodicalId":309267,"journal":{"name":"International STEAM Communications","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of Nicotine-Containing Products During Pregnancy: Effects on Fetal Development 孕期使用含尼古丁的产品：对胎儿发育的影响

International STEAM Communications Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.37906/isteamc.2024.1

Jeewon Chun

{"title":"Use of Nicotine-Containing Products During Pregnancy: Effects on Fetal Development","authors":"Jeewon Chun","doi":"10.37906/isteamc.2024.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37906/isteamc.2024.1","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the usage of tobacco products among adult females is prevalent, representing 10 out of 100 adult females (CDC, 2023). In addition, 4.0% of adult women have been reported as using e-cigarettes. This is mainly due to the addiction to nicotine, which releases dopamine in the brain, ultimately causing the user to want to consume more nicotine-containing products. When used during pregnancy, nicotine-containing products could be harmful to both the mother and the growing fetus. Nicotine consumption during pregnancy may impact the critical brain development period of the fetus, thus resulting in several serious birth defects. Among those who use nicotine-containing products, Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) may be used to facilitate reducing addiction to nicotine. NRT can be used as an ideal therapy to help quit smoking tobacco or e-cigarettes as it replaces much of the nicotine in nicotine-containing products, thus decreasing motivation to use tobacco. Despite the reduced nicotine levels, NRT is reported to show that it may pose a threat when used during pregnancy. As a whole, a few studies have revealed the potential detrimental connection between the usage of nicotine-containing products - including tobacco, e-cigarettes, and NRT - during pregnancy and its effects on the fetus. In spite of this, there has been little research done on the subject, which may lead to further complications if the public is largely unaware. This literature review aims to investigate the effects of nicotine-containing products on the developing fetus.","PeriodicalId":309267,"journal":{"name":"International STEAM Communications","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139776312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of Nicotine-Containing Products During Pregnancy: Effects on Fetal Development 孕期使用含尼古丁的产品：对胎儿发育的影响

International STEAM Communications Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.37906/isteamc.2024.1

Jeewon Chun

{"title":"Use of Nicotine-Containing Products During Pregnancy: Effects on Fetal Development","authors":"Jeewon Chun","doi":"10.37906/isteamc.2024.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37906/isteamc.2024.1","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the usage of tobacco products among adult females is prevalent, representing 10 out of 100 adult females (CDC, 2023). In addition, 4.0% of adult women have been reported as using e-cigarettes. This is mainly due to the addiction to nicotine, which releases dopamine in the brain, ultimately causing the user to want to consume more nicotine-containing products. When used during pregnancy, nicotine-containing products could be harmful to both the mother and the growing fetus. Nicotine consumption during pregnancy may impact the critical brain development period of the fetus, thus resulting in several serious birth defects. Among those who use nicotine-containing products, Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) may be used to facilitate reducing addiction to nicotine. NRT can be used as an ideal therapy to help quit smoking tobacco or e-cigarettes as it replaces much of the nicotine in nicotine-containing products, thus decreasing motivation to use tobacco. Despite the reduced nicotine levels, NRT is reported to show that it may pose a threat when used during pregnancy. As a whole, a few studies have revealed the potential detrimental connection between the usage of nicotine-containing products - including tobacco, e-cigarettes, and NRT - during pregnancy and its effects on the fetus. In spite of this, there has been little research done on the subject, which may lead to further complications if the public is largely unaware. This literature review aims to investigate the effects of nicotine-containing products on the developing fetus.","PeriodicalId":309267,"journal":{"name":"International STEAM Communications","volume":"184 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How genetic therapy can be used to treat patients undergoing clinical depression? 基因疗法如何用于治疗临床抑郁症患者?

International STEAM Communications Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.37906/isteamc.2023.3

Joshua Joh

{"title":"How genetic therapy can be used to treat patients undergoing clinical depression?","authors":"Joshua Joh","doi":"10.37906/isteamc.2023.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37906/isteamc.2023.3","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical depression can be described as a common medical disorder that negatively affects how an individual feels, thinks, and acts. Today, the chances of a person suffering from depression are much more common worldwide, and it is critical to understand depression and most importantly how to treat the disease. While it currently remains unclear exactly how depression works in the human body, research shows that a protein called P11 might play a vital role in the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying depression in the body. According to research, as the level of P11 protein decreases, it increases an individual’s risk of undergoing depression. The main problem is that the existing treatment, which includes medication and psychotherapy, is not as effective as it could be for treating such a disease. Genetic therapy treatment would be an attractive alternative treatment for depression treatment since regulating the levels and mechanisms involving protein P11 would hopefully alleviate one’s symptoms of depression in the body. This paper intends to highlight the benefits of using gene therapy to treat depression and elaborate on why the treatment may be useful.","PeriodicalId":309267,"journal":{"name":"International STEAM Communications","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133507944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 Exposure in Urban and Rural Areas 城乡地区的COVID-19暴露情况

International STEAM Communications Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.37906/isteamc.2023.2

Megan Wong, Delbert Cai, Raymond Cai

{"title":"COVID-19 Exposure in Urban and Rural Areas","authors":"Megan Wong, Delbert Cai, Raymond Cai","doi":"10.37906/isteamc.2023.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37906/isteamc.2023.2","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has majorly impacted the lives of people living in different living environments, such as large cities or small towns. However, there is limited knowledge about the difference in infection prevalence between urban and rural populations. To examine these differences, this study examined SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in blood serum from 36 unvaccinated subjects of urban and rural backgrounds with no self-reported history of COVID-19 infection. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) detected the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the subjects’ blood. IgG and IgM assays were used to distinguish between prior (recovered) and more recent infections, respectively. A t-test was conducted to identify a statistically significant difference, or lack thereof, between the antibody levels detected in urban and rural participants. The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups for both IgG and IgM (p = 0.09, 0.93, respectively), although the p-value for IgG was low enough to be notable. Overall, this study suggests that there is no major difference between urban and rural environments that impact susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, although more research with a greater sample size should be conducted.","PeriodicalId":309267,"journal":{"name":"International STEAM Communications","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122014937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why Targeted Alpha Particle Therapy is the key to cancer remission? 为什么靶向α粒子治疗是癌症缓解的关键?

International STEAM Communications Pub Date : 2023-04-29 DOI: 10.37906/isteamc.2023.1

Maohui Luo

引用次数: 0

Demonstration of Meissner Effect and Levitation of Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide 氧化钇钡铜的迈斯纳效应及悬浮论证

International STEAM Communications Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.37906/isteamc.2022.9

Xiang-Rong Huang

引用次数: 0

Surface Gravity Wave Generation and Interference Effects in SPH Models SPH 模型中的地表重力波生成和干涉效应

International STEAM Communications Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.37906/isteamc.2022.8

Zijun Shen

{"title":"Surface Gravity Wave Generation and Interference Effects in SPH Models","authors":"Zijun Shen","doi":"10.37906/isteamc.2022.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37906/isteamc.2022.8","url":null,"abstract":"DualSPHysics is an open-source implementation of the SPH (smoothed-particle hydrodynamics) particle mechanics model built for applications in coastal and ocean engineering, suitable for cases possessing complex surface boundary conditions and interactions of fluids with bound objects. This work seeks to examine the general plausibility of utilization of DualSPHysics for modeling cases involving the diffraction and interference effects of surface gravity waves. The work attempts to seek optimized parameters for wave generation intended to be used in diffraction and interference cases at lower simulation resolutions by taking advantage of simulation parameters such as gravity, construct simple examples to demonstrate the plausibility to use the model with more complex cases (possibly involving diffraction and interference off lattices), and validate wave behaviors (related to gravity) within the model using accepted theories of surface wave propagation. The paper identifies several limitations whose mitigation was deemed necessary for further success applying DualSPHysics to diffraction and interference problems, as well as further analysis and tests needed for a complete assessment of the tested cases.","PeriodicalId":309267,"journal":{"name":"International STEAM Communications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133429726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0