Rural Sustainability Research最新文献_第8页

Four-link Spiral Model in the Concept of “Smart Specialization” Innovative Industrial Development “智能专业化”创新产业发展理念下的四环节螺旋模型

Rural Sustainability Research Pub Date : 2020-07-31 DOI: 10.2478/plua-2020-0007

O. Chernova, V. Klimuk, Andrejs Lazdins

{"title":"Four-link Spiral Model in the Concept of “Smart Specialization” Innovative Industrial Development","authors":"O. Chernova, V. Klimuk, Andrejs Lazdins","doi":"10.2478/plua-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/plua-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the mechanisms for enhancing innovative processes in the industry is the application of the concept of the “four-link spiral”. In contrast to the 3-link spiral, this model as one of the most important components includes a “society”, acting as one of the actors of innovative transformations. Firstly, it is society that is the main consumer of innovative products being created and, thereby, establishes “requirements”, forming demands for the quality and parameters of future products; secondly, society, in turn, acts as the initiator and generator of innovations, forming the so-called “social capital” necessary for the implementation of directly innovative transformations. In this scientific work, the problems of the formation of a “smart specialization” strategy for the innovative development of the industrial sector of the national economic system based on the application of the four-link spiral concept are investigated. A system of quantitative indicators for assessing the innovative level of industrial development is presented. The experience of introducing the concept of a four-link spiral as a mechanism of innovative development of industry (on the example of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation) is given. The aim of the article is to describe innovation processes in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus and to develop an innovation transfer model.","PeriodicalId":30922,"journal":{"name":"Rural Sustainability Research","volume":"43 1","pages":"52 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47362845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Intercropping Twice of Corn with Cassava to Supply the Feed of Biomass in Eastern Mount Kawi of Malang Indonesia 印尼玛琅卡威山东部两次玉米与木薯间作以供应生物质饲料

Rural Sustainability Research Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/plua-2019-0008

Y. Widodo, S. Wahyuningsih, M. J. Mejaya, Y. Baliadi

{"title":"Intercropping Twice of Corn with Cassava to Supply the Feed of Biomass in Eastern Mount Kawi of Malang Indonesia","authors":"Y. Widodo, S. Wahyuningsih, M. J. Mejaya, Y. Baliadi","doi":"10.2478/plua-2019-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/plua-2019-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Three treatments were tested with four replications at RCBD, namely cassava monoculture, corn twice under cassava intercropping, and corn with corn monoculture where the second corn was planted 5 days after harvested. Planting distance of cassava in monoculture was 100x100 cm, and in intercropping was 200x50 cm, by which corn was planted in 50x30 cm, 1 seed per hole. All plots received dairy cattle manure 5 t ha-1. Fertilizer applied for cassava was Urea 100 kg ha−1, Ponska 200 kg ha−1 and KCl 100 kg ha−1 split into two applications two weeks after cassava planting, then when first of corn was harvested. Corn fertilization was Ponska 150 kg ha−1 + Urea 100 kg ha−1 every 3 months and split into two applications: 1 week and 4 weeks after corn was planted. Cassava and twice corn fertilization was Urea 300 kg ha−1 + Phonska 400 kg ha−1 + KCl 100 kg ha−1. Results showed that cassava monoculture can be improved by inserting of twice corn in between rows. Under sole cropping cassava, the B/C ratio was the highest 1.61, however with incorporating twice of corn the B/C ratio was 1.58. Intercropping cassava and twice of corn resulted in the Land Equivalent Ratio 2.146. By intercropping cassava with corn twice at the end of dry season, there was an opportunity to find corn biomass for dairy cattle. Under intercropping, cassava was able to produce 21.5 t ha−1 of fresh roots, while first and second of corn produced fresh biomass of 34 t ha−1 and 28 t ha−1 respectively.","PeriodicalId":30922,"journal":{"name":"Rural Sustainability Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"26 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48557225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Determinants of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation strategies: An Application of Protection Motivation Theory 气候变化减缓和适应策略的决定因素：保护动机理论的应用

Rural Sustainability Research Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/plua-2019-0007

D. Regasa, Nega Abera Akirso

{"title":"Determinants of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation strategies: An Application of Protection Motivation Theory","authors":"D. Regasa, Nega Abera Akirso","doi":"10.2478/plua-2019-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/plua-2019-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Climate change is an inevitable global challenge of the 21st century. For developing countries like Ethiopia, it intensifies existing challenges towards ensuring sustainable development. Adopting the protection motivation theory, this study examined factors affecting the practice of climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies among farmers. The study employed a mixed research approach to assess the subjective understanding of farmers about climate change threats and identify factors determining their responses to climate change effects. Qualitative data were collected using focus group discussions and interviews. Quantitative information was gathered using semi-structured survey from 296 randomly selected farmers. Qualitative data was dominantly analyzed using content analysis, while descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to analyze quantitative data. Almost all respondents (97%) perceived that climate change was occurring and threatening their wellbeing. Dwindling precipitation, increasing temperature and occurrence of human and animal disease were perceived to represent climate change effects. From nationally initiated strategies, farmers were found to largely practice soil and water conservation, which they perceived as less costly and compatible to local knowledge. The result of binary logistic regression revealed that perceived severity of climate change, perceived susceptibility to climate change threat, perceived own ability to respond, response efficacy, and cost of practices predicted farmers’ motivation to practice climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies. Thus, building a resilient system should go beyond sensitizing climate response mechanisms. Policies should focus on human capital development and economic empowerment which would enable farmers to pursue context-specific adaptation and mitigation strategies, thereby maintaining a sustainable livelihood.","PeriodicalId":30922,"journal":{"name":"Rural Sustainability Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"25 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49586761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Latvian Ecolabel Green Certificate – an Example of Sustainable Rural Tourism in the Use of Ecosystem Services 拉脱维亚生态标签绿色证书——利用生态系统服务的可持续乡村旅游范例

Rural Sustainability Research Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/plua-2019-0006

Juris Smaļinskis, A. Auziņa

{"title":"Latvian Ecolabel Green Certificate – an Example of Sustainable Rural Tourism in the Use of Ecosystem Services","authors":"Juris Smaļinskis, A. Auziņa","doi":"10.2478/plua-2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/plua-2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The national ecolabel of tourist accommodation establishments and rural tourism enterprises of Latvia – the ‘Green Certificate’ (hereinafter the ‘Green Certificate’) celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2019. Its creation in 1999 was initiated by the Latvian Rural Tourism Association ‘Baltic Country Holidays’, and it is currently one of the oldest European ecolabels still in operation. One of the most significant tourism and rural tourism resources in Latvia is the natural and cultural heritage, which is the basis for the development of rural tourism products. In this process, ecosystem services used in tourism products play a major role. One of the goals of the ‘Green Certificate’ is environment, nature and local society friendly and sustainable farming, which means both a careful use of natural resources and their inclusion in the tourism product development process. The aim of this study was to find out which ecosystem services were used and the ways they were used by rural tourism companies to create the nature protection, social and economic added value. According to the respondents, 1/3 of the revenue of the ‘Green Certificate’ companies is generated by the use of the ecosystem services. It is an argument for further research on the possibilities of the ecosystem services to be used more effectively in future in developing new rural tourism products.","PeriodicalId":30922,"journal":{"name":"Rural Sustainability Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49026341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Food Safety Challenges in the Tourism Processes 旅游过程中的食品安全挑战

Rural Sustainability Research Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/plua-2019-0005

M. Zsarnóczky, F. Zsarnoczky-Dulhazi, Gogo Fredrick Collins Adol, M. Barczak, L. Dávid

{"title":"Food Safety Challenges in the Tourism Processes","authors":"M. Zsarnóczky, F. Zsarnoczky-Dulhazi, Gogo Fredrick Collins Adol, M. Barczak, L. Dávid","doi":"10.2478/plua-2019-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/plua-2019-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The modern food industry is among the key partners of today’s global tourism. As part of the tourism processes, tourists buy and consume local food in the local catering facilities. Furthermore, tourists are usually willing to try out gastronomy specialties during their travels. Food safety is important for tourists although it is not always part of their conscious behavior in the destination. Food safety standards are regulated by international contracts based on the analysis of more half a century’s experiences. Within processes related to the changes in the external environment, there are emerging issues – although in different intensity - like chemical and microbiological contamination or food terrorism. Due to the immense number of participants in tourism, it is of key importance to raise awareness of threats like food decay, infections and other negative impacts, because food safety if a basic need in all tourism destinations. The amount of waste food is increasing dramatically at a global scale. The study will introduce the findings of a food safety research in Hungary, providing useful knowledge to all stakeholders of the tourism industry.","PeriodicalId":30922,"journal":{"name":"Rural Sustainability Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"26 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48282764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Effect of Agripreneurship on Employment and Income Generation in Cattle Fattening Business in Nigeria 农业创业对尼日利亚养牛行业就业和创收的影响

Rural Sustainability Research Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/plua-2019-0003

A. Obayelu, A. Olaniyi, A. Ogbe

{"title":"Effect of Agripreneurship on Employment and Income Generation in Cattle Fattening Business in Nigeria","authors":"A. Obayelu, A. Olaniyi, A. Ogbe","doi":"10.2478/plua-2019-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/plua-2019-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Unemployment is a major issue in Nigeria because the youth finds it difficult or impossible to secure jobs that meet their expectations. There appears to be a mismatch between graduate skills and those sought by employers. The study investigated the effect of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) youth Agripreneurs (IYA) programme on employment and income generation on cattle fattening enterprise under the N2Africa Borno youth project. A two-stage sampling procedure was used to select IYA participants and non-participants. Results revealed that the majority of respondents were males in both categories. It also indicated that youths who are in their productive age are more into cattle fattening enterprise in both categories. The study also found that, unemployment and skill acquisition are the main driving reasons for participating in IYA. It also indicated that both categories of respondents’ required external capital support for start-up of their enterprise, and that IYA programme participants on the average earn more income per month than non-participants. IYA programme participants generated more employment opportunities which implied that the programme had not only empowered participants but also made the participants’ become employers. The study recommended that there is a need to support youths with funds, access to trainings on capacity development and skill acquisition to make them self-employed and job creators.","PeriodicalId":30922,"journal":{"name":"Rural Sustainability Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"16 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69250765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Linear Conformation Traits in Latvian Blue Cows in Relation to Possession to Gene Pool and Discarding 拉脱维亚蓝牛的线性构象特征与基因库占有和丢弃的关系

Rural Sustainability Research Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/plua-2019-0001

I. Sematovica, T. Martinsons, M. Lidaks, I. Kanska

{"title":"Linear Conformation Traits in Latvian Blue Cows in Relation to Possession to Gene Pool and Discarding","authors":"I. Sematovica, T. Martinsons, M. Lidaks, I. Kanska","doi":"10.2478/plua-2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/plua-2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Latvian Blue (LZ) cows are kept for a variety of herd colors and because of national cow breed value. Resources of LZ cow breed remained low over the last decade. The aim of the study was to evaluate LZ cow breed linear conformation traits and analyze results in relation to their possession to the gene pool (GF) status and productive lifetime in 2017-2018. Information of the Agriculture Data Center Republic of Latvia (LDC) and linear evaluation in vivo were used. The number of LZ cows registered in LDC in 2017-2018 was 1648 and only 339 cows were gene-pool animals (LZ GF), and 140 of LZ GF animals were culled because of different reasons in 2017-2018. There were registered 544 (190 primiparous of them) closed standard LZ cow lactations in 2009 and only 292 (64 primiparous of them) in 2018. The oldest LZ GF cow was 16.3 years old; 20% of LZ GF cows were more than 10 years old, and only 10% were younger than 5 years. The overall exterior rating was established more than 80 points for 64.4% of the evaluated LZ GF cows. Some LZ GF linear conformation traits did not change significantly (p>0.05) with age – exterior, milking properties and cow’s temperament. Udder parameters, rump and foot angle became worse with animals advancing in age and could be improved by breeding. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were established regarding all parameters of conformation traits among LZ and LZ GF dairy cows except a tendency of larger body depth in LZ GF (p=0.054). In conclusion, the linear conformation traits of LZ cows, despite the presence of genetic influence of other breeds, do not differ significantly from the gene pool animals. Rump angle, udder and teat qualities became worse with age in LZ and LZ GF cows. Legs and hoofs were stable parameters inherited by the LZ offspring.","PeriodicalId":30922,"journal":{"name":"Rural Sustainability Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"2 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46159372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Investigating Post-partum Ovarian Cyclicity Following Various Treatments in Dairy Cows 奶牛产后卵巢周期变化的研究

Rural Sustainability Research Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/plua-2019-0004

Akshay Sharma, Madhumeet Singh, Pravesh Kumar, P. Dogra

{"title":"Investigating Post-partum Ovarian Cyclicity Following Various Treatments in Dairy Cows","authors":"Akshay Sharma, Madhumeet Singh, Pravesh Kumar, P. Dogra","doi":"10.2478/plua-2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/plua-2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study envisages the effect of PGF2α and antibiotic treatment on ovarian cyclic activity and regression of corpus luteum verum in post-partum dairy cows. Cows were divided into three treatment (PG8, PG25, antibiotic) and a control group. Ovarian activity was studied by examining follicular dynamics upto 42 days post-partum in which diameter of dominant follicle before first ovulation, the number of days to first ovulation and complete regression of corpus luteum verum were evaluated. Body condition score was recorded for all the cows in different groups. Also, ovulation on ovary ipsilateral or contralateral to previous gravid uterine horn was noted. On transrectal ultrasonography at a 3-day interval, dominant follicle diameter prior to ovulation was significantly higher (p<0.01) in PG8 group. The mean time required for complete regression of CL verum was not significantly (p>0.05) lower in PG8 group i.e. 24.33±1.48 days in comparison to PG25, antibiotic and control group (26.67±1.48, 29.00±1.81and 27.60±1.40 days post-partum, respectively). A subsequent ovarian activity was affected as 70.83 and 66.33% Ist and IInd ovulations occurred on the ovary contralateral to corpus luteum verum. In conclusion, contralateral ovary was more active in terms of ovulation whereas presence of corpus luteum verum had no effect on post-partum ovarian cyclic activity.","PeriodicalId":30922,"journal":{"name":"Rural Sustainability Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"22 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46995046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Problems of Ensuring Assistants’ Support for Students with Functional Disorders in General Education Schools 普通教育学校辅导员对功能障碍学生的支持保障问题

Rural Sustainability Research Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/plua-2019-0002

Judīte Kulačkovska, R. Baltušīte

{"title":"Problems of Ensuring Assistants’ Support for Students with Functional Disorders in General Education Schools","authors":"Judīte Kulačkovska, R. Baltušīte","doi":"10.2478/plua-2019-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/plua-2019-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Children and students with functional disorders are one of the target groups of the inclusive education. Students with functional disorders can adapt in general education schools faster if their intellectual development is within the normal range. This group usually consists of disabled students, but they are able to master general education programmes successfully with an assistant’s support. The purpose of the article is to explore the problems of assistants’ support for students with functional disorders in general education schools. Adaptation of these students to general education schools would facilitate their development and enable them to undertake further studies not only in vocational education, but also in higher educational institutions. Assistant’s support would promote the adaptation of these students to the class environment and ease the daily life of their parents. Having assessed the current situation, the authors conclude that the assistant’s support will be effective if the assistant’s functions and roles are recognized and if training of assistants for students with functional disorders in general education schools is ensured.","PeriodicalId":30922,"journal":{"name":"Rural Sustainability Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"15 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49281576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Maximum Cross-Sectional Area and Volume of the Canine Biceps Brachii – Brachialis Muscles 犬肱二头-肱肌最大截面积和体积的评估

Rural Sustainability Research Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/plua-2018-0008

A. Vekšins, O. Kozinda

引用次数: 1