Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability最新文献

Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/ad6cf0

Cynthia Myntti

{"title":"Infrastructure and well-being","authors":"Cynthia Myntti","doi":"10.1088/2634-4505/ad6cf0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/ad6cf0","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper presents the main contours of debates about well-being and the connections between infrastructure, well-being, and sustainability. Broadly distributed well-being is the goal of national governments, and individual well-being represents a desirable positive state beyond physical health. Contemporary definitions of well-being originated in the field of psychology in the 1980s. Psychologists have highlighted three aspects of well-being: cognitive, affective and eudaimonic well-being. The cognitive evaluation of well-being, through the assessment of life satisfaction, is commonly used in large national and international surveys. There is a growing interest in comprehensive approaches to measuring well-being, and its eudaimonic aspect. The second half of the paper examines the relationship between well-being and three key infrastructure topics — mobility, public space and nature contact — by referring to classic and new examples from urban design, the social sciences, and urban restoration ecology. These examples suggest that dimensions of well-being — among them trust, optimism, belonging, delight and empathy — have consequences beyond the individual and are necessary for community commitments to sustainability and environmental justice.","PeriodicalId":309041,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability","volume":"83 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Feasibility of contrail avoidance in a commercial flight planning system: an operational analysis 在商业飞行规划系统中避开烟雾的可行性：运行分析

Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/ad310c

Alejandra Martin Frias, Marc Shapiro, Zebediah Engberg, Raimund Zopp, Manuel Soler, M. Stettler

{"title":"Feasibility of contrail avoidance in a commercial flight planning system: an operational analysis","authors":"Alejandra Martin Frias, Marc Shapiro, Zebediah Engberg, Raimund Zopp, Manuel Soler, M. Stettler","doi":"10.1088/2634-4505/ad310c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/ad310c","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Aircraft condensation trails, also known as contrails, contribute a substantial portion of aviation’s overall climate footprint. Contrail impacts can be reduced through smart flight planning that avoids contrail-forming regions of the atmosphere. While previous studies have explored the operational impacts of contrail avoidance in simulated environments, this paper aims to characterize the feasibility and cost of contrail avoidance precisely within a commercial flight planning system. This study leverages the commercial Flightkeys 5D (FK5D) algorithm, developed by Flightkeys GmbH, with a prototypical contrail forecast model based on the Contrail Cirrus Prediction (CoCiP) model to simulate contrail avoidance on 49,411 flights during the first two weeks of June 2023, and 35,429 flights during the first two weeks of January 2024. The utilization of a commercial flight planning system enables high-accuracy estimates of additional cost and fuel investments by operators to achieve estimated reductions in contrail-energy forcing and overall flight Global Warming Potential (GWP). The results show that navigational contrail avoidance will require minimal additional cost (0.08%) and fuel (0.11%) investments to achieve notable reductions in contrail climate forcing (-73.0%). This simulation provides evidence that contrail mitigation entails very low operational risks, even regarding fuel. This study aims to serve as an incentive for operators and air traffic controllers to initiate contrail mitigation testing as soon as possible and begin reducing aviation’s non-CO2 emissions.","PeriodicalId":309041,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability","volume":"36 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140077460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How far can low emission retrofit of terraced housing in Northern Ireland go? 北爱尔兰排屋的低排放改造能走多远？

Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/ad2c97

Ben James, J. Mondol, Trevor Hyde, Aoife Houlihan Wiberg

{"title":"How far can low emission retrofit of terraced housing in Northern Ireland go?","authors":"Ben James, J. Mondol, Trevor Hyde, Aoife Houlihan Wiberg","doi":"10.1088/2634-4505/ad2c97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/ad2c97","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With both global and national targets to reduce GHG emissions the improvement of existing buildings will be key to realising these ambitions. How this can be achieved, and the impact of whole-life emissions from retrofit remains a key question. This paper investigates the potential of retrofit to reduce and limit lifecycle Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions resulting from an existing house, typical of one of the predominant housing typologies in Northern Ireland. Through the use of lifecycle assessment (LCA) a range of retrofit scenarios are considered for an early 20th century, solid wall, terraced house, to understand the impacts of retrofit on lifecycle emissions. A range of retrofit scenarios were modelled and simulated, considering both embodied and operational emissions over the building’s lifetime, to understand how net emissions can be reduced. The results show that although fabric and some technological measures can reduce emissions by over 60% when applied in isolation, a holistic approach is required to achieve the greatest reductions. Although operation remains the largest single source of emissions, the results also show the importance of taking a holistic approach to the assessment of retrofit with varying lifecycle stages responsible for considerable emissions. It is seen that emissions reductions of up to 99% may be possible when taking a holistic approach to retrofit and its assessment, considering whole-life emissions. This study highlights the potential benefits of retrofit and how it could be effectively applied to the existing housing stock in Northern Ireland creating low-emission or net-zero emission buildings.","PeriodicalId":309041,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140436196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A framework for informing context-sensitive sustainable management of organic waste in rural agricultural regions 农村农业地区有机废物可持续管理背景信息框架

Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/ad2376

Mohammed T Zaki, Matthew E Wilson, Jared Yates, Kevin D. Orner

{"title":"A framework for informing context-sensitive sustainable management of organic waste in rural agricultural regions","authors":"Mohammed T Zaki, Matthew E Wilson, Jared Yates, Kevin D. Orner","doi":"10.1088/2634-4505/ad2376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/ad2376","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Resource recovery can provide opportunities to mitigate the negative impacts of conventional organic waste management such as landfilling to the environment, economy, and society in rural agricultural regions. However, region-specific assessment of such opportunities can be challenging due to lack of data, limited economic resources, and inadequate policy support to meet community needs. Therefore, we developed a framework utilizing open-source data and methods informed by community engagement to assist stakeholders in rural agricultural regions in considering strategies to recover resources from organic waste. The framework was applied in Hardy County (one of the largest agricultural regions in rural West Virginia) to compare the sustainability of current management practices (landfilling of sewage sludge and organic municipal solid waste such as food and yard waste, land application of sewage sludge and poultry litter, and transportation of poultry litter out of watershed) with different anaerobic digestion scenarios. The results indicated that co-digesting alum-treated poultry litter with organic municipal solid waste and sewage sludge would result in the most sustainable organic waste management under stakeholder-preferred weighting of environmental (global warming and eutrophication potential), economic (annual worth), and social (potential to benefit vulnerable households) factors. Interestingly, the current management practices received the second-highest score. The results were further utilized to develop recommendations for relevant policies related to nutrient management and decarbonization. Overall, the framework can be a useful tool for rural agricultural regions to promote sustainable organic waste management.","PeriodicalId":309041,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lock-in: origination and significance within infrastructure systems 锁定:基础设施系统的起源和意义

Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/acf7e6

Alysha M. Helmrich, Mikhail Chester, T. Miller, Braden Allenby

{"title":"Lock-in: origination and significance within infrastructure systems","authors":"Alysha M. Helmrich, Mikhail Chester, T. Miller, Braden Allenby","doi":"10.1088/2634-4505/acf7e6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/acf7e6","url":null,"abstract":"Infrastructure systems have legacies that continue to define their priorities, goals, flexibility, and ability to make sense of their environments. These legacies may or may not align with future needs, but regardless of alignment, they may restrict viable pathways forward. Infrastructure ‘lock-in’ has not been sufficiently confronted in infrastructure systems. Lock-in can loosely be interpreted as internal and external pressures that constrain a system, and it encourages self-reinforcing feedback where the system becomes resistant to change. By acknowledging and recognizing that lock-in exists at small and large scales, perpetuated by individuals, organizations, and institutions, infrastructure managers can critically reflect upon biases, assumptions, and decision-making approaches. This article describes six distinct domains of lock-in: technological, social, economic, individual, institutional, and epistemic. Following this description, strategies for unlocking lock-in, broadly and by domain, are explored before being contextualized to infrastructure systems. Ultimately, infrastructure managers must make a decision between a locked in and faltering but familiar system or a changing and responsive but unfamiliar system, where both are, inevitably, accepting higher levels of risk than typically accustomed.","PeriodicalId":309041,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134462135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Matching algorithms to assist in designing with reclaimed building elements 利用回收建筑元素辅助设计的匹配算法

Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/acf341

Artur Tomczak, S. M. Haakonsen, Marcin Łuczkowski

{"title":"Matching algorithms to assist in designing with reclaimed building elements","authors":"Artur Tomczak, S. M. Haakonsen, Marcin Łuczkowski","doi":"10.1088/2634-4505/acf341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/acf341","url":null,"abstract":"Reuse of building components is one of the recommended circular strategies to reduce the environmental impact of new buildings. However, reclaimed building components are more difficult to design with than new products. While new products can be made to match exact needs, the salvaged components have predefined dimensions and quality limitations. Following the Design Science Research methodology, we attempt to answer how the reuse design can be aided by a digital design tool. The developed matching algorithms suggest the optimal assignment of available elements for the desired configuration, considering user-defined constraints and optimisation criteria. In the test cases, we seek to optimise the global warming potential of timber framing elements, defined by life cycle assessment, though the tool is not limited to this objective. The implementation includes greedy algorithms, bipartite graphs, and mixed integer linear programming. The usefulness of the proposed solution is evaluated on simulated sets of building elements in terms of embodied emission reduction and speed of the calculation. The paper contributes with methodologies, algorithms, and test cases to assess their performance. Practitioners can apply the proposed solution to reduce the time of designing with salvaged materials, which can lead to the popularisation of the circular design.","PeriodicalId":309041,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127911271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Monthly virtual water transfers on the U.S. electric grid 美国电网每月的虚拟水转移

Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/acf2c0

Jennie Nugent, C. Chini, R. Peer, A. Stillwell

{"title":"Monthly virtual water transfers on the U.S. electric grid","authors":"Jennie Nugent, C. Chini, R. Peer, A. Stillwell","doi":"10.1088/2634-4505/acf2c0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/acf2c0","url":null,"abstract":"Water consumed by power plants is transferred virtually from producers to consumers on the electric grid. This network of virtual transfers varies spatially and temporally on a sub-annual scale. In this study, we focused on cooling water consumed by thermoelectric power plants and water evaporated from hydropower reservoirs. We analyzed blue and grey virtual water flows between balancing authorities in the United States electric grid from 2016 to 2021. Transfers were calculated using thermoelectric water consumption volumes reported in Form EIA-923, power plant data from Form EIA-860, water consumption factors from literature, and electricity transfer data from Form EIA-930. The results indicate that virtual water transfers follow seasonal trends. Virtual blue water transfers are dominated by evaporation from hydropower reservoirs in high evaporation regions and peak around November. Virtual grey watertransfers reach a maximum peak during the summer months and a smaller peak during the winter. Notable virtual blue water transfers occur between Arizona and California as well as surrounding regions in the Southwest. Virtual grey water transfers are greatest in the Eastern United States where older, once-through cooling systems are still in operation. Understanding the spatial and temporal transfer of water resources has important policy, water management, and equity implications for understanding burden shifts between regions.","PeriodicalId":309041,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131417534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recommendations for cradle-to-gate environmental product declarations (EPD) in ‘Buy Clean’ procurement based on CDOT’s experience 根据CDOT的经验，对“购买清洁”采购中从摇篮到门的环保产品声明(EPD)提出建议

Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/acf06d

C. T. Senseney, J. Harvey, A. Butt, J. Meijer

{"title":"Recommendations for cradle-to-gate environmental product declarations (EPD) in ‘Buy Clean’ procurement based on CDOT’s experience","authors":"C. T. Senseney, J. Harvey, A. Butt, J. Meijer","doi":"10.1088/2634-4505/acf06d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/acf06d","url":null,"abstract":"The use of environmental product declarations (EPDs) in procurement of construction materials has been of increasing interest to government agencies, and adoption in the United States has been driven in part by ‘Buy Clean’ legislation. Buy Clean encompasses green procurement policies that promote the purchase of construction materials and products with lower environmental impacts, considering the life-cycle impacts associated with those materials. Most EPDs for transportation infrastructure construction materials are ‘cradle-to-gate’, or representative of the material production stage of a product and not the entire life cycle; however, these EPDs can allow meaningful quantitative comparisons of environmental and sustainability indicators and serve as a mechanism for measuring improvements in environmental impacts during the production of materials. This paper describes how cradle-to-gate EPDs are used, presents a case study of initial implementation of an EPD policy by the Colorado Department of Transportation, and provides recommendations to address some of the challenges that agencies and stakeholders can face when developing or participating in new EPD programs. It is desired that the recommendations and case study presented in this paper will help provide pathways to agencies for the successful enactment of Buy Clean policies and enable mitigation of actual or perceived barriers to program implementation.","PeriodicalId":309041,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127862114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Impact of increased subway station density on air quality in the Yangtze River Delta 长三角地铁车站密度增加对空气质量的影响

Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/aceff8

Xiaohui Ye, Masayuki Sato

{"title":"Impact of increased subway station density on air quality in the Yangtze River Delta","authors":"Xiaohui Ye, Masayuki Sato","doi":"10.1088/2634-4505/aceff8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/aceff8","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses empirical methods to explore the relationship between subway system development and air quality in the Yangtze River Delta. We propose a new variable to measure subway development, ‘subway station density value,’ which can more accurately describe subway development than the traditional ‘line opening’ variable. It eliminates the effects of differences in subway line length, layout, and size of the local subway system. Using this variable, we find that subway development has a significant positive impact on air quality improvement; that is, an increase in the density of subway stations is significantly associated with improved air quality. This finding provides a scientific basis for the relevant authorities to formulate the development and layout of public transport facilities. It strongly responds to previous debates on the relationship between subways and air quality. In addition, we find that urban population size, economic development level, and subway system size play moderating roles in the relationship between subways and air quality. Increasing the availability of subways can significantly improve the air quality in cities with high population sizes and economic development levels. However, as the size of a subway system increases, its effect on air quality improvement may weaken, suggesting that the development of subway systems should not be unthinkingly expanded either. Although our study has valuable findings, we must discuss several limitations further. These include restrictions in the selection of the study population, data availability, and potentially oversimplified criteria for considering the impact of urban differences. Overall, this study not only provides new theoretical and empirical perspectives for understanding and explaining how subway development affects air quality but also indicates the direction for further exploration in future studies.","PeriodicalId":309041,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128352954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Citizen and machine learning-aided high-resolution mapping of urban heat exposure and stress 市民和机器学习辅助的城市热暴露和压力的高分辨率地图

Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/acef57

Xuewei Wang, A. Hsu, T. Chakraborty

{"title":"Citizen and machine learning-aided high-resolution mapping of urban heat exposure and stress","authors":"Xuewei Wang, A. Hsu, T. Chakraborty","doi":"10.1088/2634-4505/acef57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/acef57","url":null,"abstract":"Through conversion of land cover to more built-up, impervious surfaces, cities create hotter environments than their surroundings for urban residents, with large differences expected between different parts of the city. Existing measurements of ambient air temperature and heat stress, however, are often insufficient to capture the intra-urban variability in heat exposure. This study provides a replicable method for modeling air temperature, humidity, and moist heat stress over the urban area of Chapel Hill while engaging citizens to collect high-temporal and spatially-resolved air temperature and humidity measurements. We use low-cost, consumer-grade sensors combined with satellite remote sensing data and machine learning to map urban air temperature and relative humidity over various land-cover classes to understand intra-urban spatial variability of ambient heat exposure at a relatively high resolution (10 m). Our findings show that individuals may be exposed to higher levels of air temperature and moist heat stress than weather station data suggest, and that the ambient heat exposure varies according to land cover type, with tree-covered land the coolest and built-up areas the warmest, and time of day, with higher air temperatures observed during the early afternoon. Combining our resulting dataset with sociodemographic data, policymakers and urban planners in Chapel Hill can use data output from this method to identify areas exposed to high temperature and moist heat stress as a first step to design effective mitigation measures.","PeriodicalId":309041,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116822520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0