{"title":"Determination of occlusion areas in high resolution remote sensing data","authors":"K. Gutjahr, H. Raggam","doi":"10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219985","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we discuss different methods to determine occlusion areas in high resolution images. Occlusion in general occurs if the local slope angle of the terrain surface is larger than the off-nadir look angle of the sensor. Here, the sensor line of sight intersects the digital surface model more than once, leading to duplication artefacts when rectifying the image data. This especially happens for high buildings or similar man made objects, trees or steep terrain. In principle there are two approaches to evaluate the relationship between a target point on ground and the respective image pixel, which are based on a backward geocoding and a forward geocoding algorithm, respectively. Either of these approaches first has to detect and determine the multiple intersections of the line of sight and then has to identify which of them is addressed to an occluded area. The algorithmic characteristics as well as the performance of both approaches with regard to computational effort and quality of results are discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":308988,"journal":{"name":"2003 2nd GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116785260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automatic structure detection in a point-cloud of an urban landscape","authors":"G. Sithole, G. Vosselman","doi":"10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219959","url":null,"abstract":"A method for detecting urban structures in an irregularly spaced point-cloud of an urban landscape is proposed. The method is especially designed for detecting structures that are extensions to the bare-earth (e.g., bridges, ramps, etc.,). The method involves a segmentation of a point-cloud followed by a classification. Both the segmentation and classification of the data are based on the analysis of a data structure in which the point-cloud is represented as an orthogonal set of profiles. Also proposed is a conceptual and logical model of the landscape for the structure detection problem.","PeriodicalId":308988,"journal":{"name":"2003 2nd GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131222013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A neural network based approach to detecting urban land cover changes using Landsat TM and IKONOS imagery","authors":"S. Burbridge, Yun Zhang Yun Zhang","doi":"10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219978","url":null,"abstract":"Much attention has been drawn to the new applications and opportunities afforded by high-resolution satellite imagery, such as IKONOS and QuickBird. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which high-resolution change detection can be performed using a combination of high and medium-resolution satellite imagery. This combination is important for detecting changes during the time before and after the high-resolution satellite imagery was made available. In particular, the analysis is oriented towards smaller cities and municipalities. Many change detection algorithms and methods have been evaluated. The post-classification change detection algorithm was deemed to be the most suitable technique for this project. Landsat 5 TM and IKONOS MS images of Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada, were used as source data for the change detection. The results tend to suggest that it is possible to extract reliable change detection information pertaining to small streets, and new rows of residential housing with a medium-resolution benchmark. However, the detection of change in individual houses and small buildings proved to be beyond the capabilities of this procedure.","PeriodicalId":308988,"journal":{"name":"2003 2nd GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132266563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Urban areas classification tests using high resolution pan-sharpened satellite images","authors":"P. Boccardo, E. Mondino, F. G. Tonolo","doi":"10.1109/DFUA.2003.1220002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DFUA.2003.1220002","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of transferring high spectral contents of medium geometric resolution images obtained from traditional satellite images (TM; ETM+) and newer ones (ASTER, ENVISAT) to high resolution images has been considered to resolve the problems connected to large scale classification. This work suggests an operational approach to this problem. It points out that the aspects related to obtaining good results in an easy, economic and rapid way are as important as the scientific and technological aspects. The suggested method is based on the well known pan-sharpening technique; only a limited amount of experience can however be found in literature concerning its verification for real applications. The authors do not intend proposing new pan-sharpening algorithms in this paper, but rather to demonstrate how its correct use and the customisation of already known techniques (mainly used for aesthetic purposes) can produce interesting scientific results and can also solve some practical problems such as the management of large size data. In what follows that following is illustrated: the techniques that were adopted to generate pan-sharpened synthetic bands; some radiometric verifications that were performed on Landsat 5 TM are shown as are the results of elaborations on QuickBird images; some results of LVQ neural classifications that were carried out on 4 bands of a QuickBird image in an urban area generated with the previously described technique. A preliminary qualitative analysis has shown how a classical pixel-based classification approach, such as the one that is here proposed, is not sufficient to generate suitable thematic images of the correct discrimination of urban environments.","PeriodicalId":308988,"journal":{"name":"2003 2nd GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128888818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Castracane, F. Iavarone, S. Mica, E. Sottile, C. Vignola, O. Arino, M. Catakdi, D. Fernández-Prieto, G. Guidotti, A. Masullo, I. Pratesi
{"title":"Monitoring urban sprawl and its trends with EO data. UrbEx, a prototype national service from a WWF-ESA joint effort","authors":"P. Castracane, F. Iavarone, S. Mica, E. Sottile, C. Vignola, O. Arino, M. Catakdi, D. Fernández-Prieto, G. Guidotti, A. Masullo, I. Pratesi","doi":"10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219997","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the results of UrbEx (urban expansion monitoring) project of the European Space Agency (ESA) carried out in collaboration with the Word Wildlife Fund (WWF) as end-user. The project, which has been carried out by the Italian company advanced computer system (ACS), was aimed at developing a user-oriented information service for monitoring urban expansion at national scale. Such a service was tailored to the requirements of the user, WWF, for supporting the conservation activities of this international nongovernmental organization. From a methodological viewpoint, the system was based on a novel data fusion approach to land-cover classification. In particular, both Landsat and 35-days interferometric ERS images where used to achieve an accurate detection of the urban tissue over the whole Italian coastal area at two different times, 1995 and 2000. The final results validated by WWF demonstrate the capabilities of EO technology to provide reliable, synoptic and continuous information on the urban expansion at national, regional and even global scale.","PeriodicalId":308988,"journal":{"name":"2003 2nd GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114741577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fusion of aerial and satellite imagery over the city of Venezia","authors":"M. Gianinetto, M. Scaioni","doi":"10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219990","url":null,"abstract":"A large variety of satellite images are available for almost every land of the world. Thanks to the high resolution imagery, also urban areas may take advantage of this abundance of data. In fact, studying and monitoring phenomena concerning these areas require a high accuracy of details, which is attainable. However, any applications of this kind involves an accurate georeferencing of the images themselves to a given geodetic reference system. In this paper, a methodology for automatic high resolution satellite image georeferencing is proposed, taking advantage of existing digital orthophoto-maps and photo-planes derived from aerial photogrammetry. A case study applied to the historical urban area of Venezia is described.","PeriodicalId":308988,"journal":{"name":"2003 2nd GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114962009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TerraSAR-X: a new perspective for scientific use of high resolution spaceborne SAR data","authors":"A. Roth","doi":"10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219947","url":null,"abstract":"TerraSAR-X is a new German radar satellite that shall be launched in mid 2005 with a lifetime of 5 years. It carries a high frequency X-band SAR sensor that can be launched in three different modes and polarizations. The spotlight-, stripmap- and scanSAR-modes provide high resolution images for detailed analysis as well as wide swath data whenever a larger coverage is required. Imaging will be possible in single, dual and quad-polarization. TerraSAR-X will be an operational SAR system for scientific and commercial applications. The various capabilities of the SAR system are presented as well as the corresponding product types. Based on these characteristics the scientific potential of TerraSAR-X with respect to urban areas is highlighted. Finally, the TerraSAR system is described consisting of the space, the ground segment and the user infrastructure. DLR is responsible for the scientific users while the commercial sector will be handled by the Infoterra GmbH.","PeriodicalId":308988,"journal":{"name":"2003 2nd GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129466405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Urban change detection in the Helsinki metropolitan region using Radarsat-1 fine beam SAR images","authors":"M. Karjalainen, J. Hyyppa, Y. Devillairs","doi":"10.1109/DFUA.2003.1220003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DFUA.2003.1220003","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the potential of Radarsat-1 fine beam intensity SAR images in urban mapping and change detection. The main objective was to determine the possibility of building detection e.g. as a function of height, orientation, roof material and roof type in the Helsinki metropolitan region. Altogether, 22235 buildings were used to estimate the effect of height, and then 14270 buildings were used to estimate the effect of orientation. Additionally, a smaller and more detained set of buildings was selected from various environments e.g. from forested and dense urban areas. It was shown that height and orientation were the main factors affecting on the detectability of the buildings. The results indicate that approximately 39% of the buildings can be detected using the Radarsat-1 SAR; densely build up areas are clearly visible in Radarsat fine beam images, but in small-house areas buildings that are surrounded by forest are visible only in very rare cases.","PeriodicalId":308988,"journal":{"name":"2003 2nd GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128524248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Pellizzeri, P. Gamba, P. Lombardo, F. Dell' Acqua, A. Tortora
{"title":"Flood monitoring in urban areas: statistical vs. neurofuzzy approach","authors":"T. Pellizzeri, P. Gamba, P. Lombardo, F. Dell' Acqua, A. Tortora","doi":"10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DFUA.2003.1219989","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims at investigating different classification and segmentation tools for flood monitoring using satellite SAR images. To this aim, two different approaches, namely statistical segmentation and neurofuzzy classification are compared and discussed. The methods show, in general, the possibility to provide to a good extent accurate maps of the flooded areas using simple processing schemes. This stresses the effectiveness of satellite SAR images for real-time flood monitoring.","PeriodicalId":308988,"journal":{"name":"2003 2nd GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129943084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Texture analysis and classification of SAR images of urban areas","authors":"R. Dekker","doi":"10.1109/DFUA.2003.1220000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DFUA.2003.1220000","url":null,"abstract":"In SAR image classification texture holds useful information. In a study after the ability of texture to discriminate urban land-cover, a set of measures was investigated. Among them were histogram measures, wavelet energy, fractal dimension, lacunarity and semivariograms. The latter were chosen as an alternative for the well known gray-level cooccurrence family of features. The study was done on the basis of non-parametric separability measures and classification techniques applied to ERS-1 SAR data. The conclusion is that texture improves the classification accuracy. The measures that performed best were mean intensity (actually no texture), variance, weighted-rank fill ratio and semivariogram, but the accuracies vary for different classes. Despite the improvement, the overall classification accuracy indicated that the land-cover information content of ERS-1 leaves to be desired.","PeriodicalId":308988,"journal":{"name":"2003 2nd GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130207403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}