Health Spirituality and Medical Ethics最新文献

{"title":"Comparing the Effects of Transdiagnostic Intervention and Mindfulness-based Schema Therapy on Spiritual Distress in Women With Breast Cancer: A Clinical Trial","authors":"Fatemeh Ghayour Kazemi, Fatemeh Shahhabizadeh, M. Safara, S. Shahidsales","doi":"10.32598/hsmej.9.2.418.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hsmej.9.2.418.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women which can cause spiritual distress in them. This study aims to assess the effects of mindfulnessbased schema therapy (MBST) and transdiagnostic intervention on spiritual distress of women with breast cancer. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study (Clinical trial) with a pre-test/post-test/ followup design using a control group. Participants were 41 women with breast cancer referred to Omid and Imam Reza hospitals in Mashhad, Iran during 2017-2020, who were selected using a convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into two experimental groups and one control group. For both experimental groups, the intervention was performed at ten weekly sessions. The used instrument was the Spiritual Distress Scale of Ku et al. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS software, version 25 software. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean scores of spiritual distress in the experimental groups compared to the control group in the post-test and follow-up phases (P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the effectiveness of transdiagnostic intervention and MBST in the post-test and follow-up phases (P>0.05). Conclusion: Both transdiagnostic intervention and MBST can reduce the spiritual distress of women with breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":30854,"journal":{"name":"Health Spirituality and Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42589612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Attitude and Behavior of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Students Regarding Prayer in 2020-2021","authors":"Leili Mazar, M. Nasirzadeh, Abbas Sadeghi Hasan Abadi, Y. Salim abadi","doi":"10.32598/hsmej.9.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hsmej.9.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: The three main elements of the home, study environment, and mass media have a fundamental role in the tendency and attitude of adolescents and young people to pray. This study was conducted to determine students’ attitudes toward prayer, the causes of their tendency toward it, and its impact on various aspects of their lives. Methods: This descriptive study was performed among 192 students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan City, Iran. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire through the press line system. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 18 using an independent t-test and One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: A total of 60.9% of students reported that they perform daily prayers. The Mean±SD score of students’ attitude about praying is 121.99±199.97 out of 165. A significant correlation was observed between the mean score of attitude and behavior. A significant relationship was also found between the mean score of students’ attitudes and the variables of father’s education, father’s and mother’s occupation (P<0.05). The students believed that prayer brings peace and vitality to the soul, order and discipline in life, good mood, family unity, and reduced anxiety and stress. Conclusion: Considering the role and impact of family and university environment on students’ prayer and students’ beliefs on the impact of prayer on various life issues, paying attention to the results of this type of research to institutionalize prayer among students can be useful.","PeriodicalId":30854,"journal":{"name":"Health Spirituality and Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47223712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clerics' Perception of Patient Rights: A Qualitative Content Analysis","authors":"A. Heidari, Khadijeh Rahmatinejad, Morteza Heidari, Mohammad Abbasi","doi":"10.32598/hsmej.9.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hsmej.9.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Patients have certain rights that are expected to be observed and respected by healthcare providers. These rights include universal as well as local rights determined by the social and cultural context of any society. Patient’s rights consist of statements issued to declare the duties of the health providers pertaining to patients. There are charters of patient rights in different countries including Iran. However, it seems necessary to investigate more exactly the patient rights in accordance with the Islamic perspective as the fundamental value system of the country. This study was conducted to explore and explain the patient’s rights from the clerics’ point of view. Methods: This was a conventional qualitative content analysis study. The participants were 20 clerics living in Qom selected through purposeful sampling, who met the inclusion criteria and could provide their understanding of the patient’s rights in the context of Islam. Deep semi-structured interviews were conducted. The interviews were coded and categorized through qualitative content analysis. Results: This study led to the identification of four themes as the main features of patient’s rights from the clerics’ point of view including respect for patient autonomy, considering non-physical needs of patients, high-quality healthcare, and moral conduct. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, patient rights from the viewpoint of the clerics includes besides attending other needs of patients, their spiritual needs that should be addressed by healthcare providers.","PeriodicalId":30854,"journal":{"name":"Health Spirituality and Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43672522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Spiritual Capital and Mindfulness in Predicting COVID-19-Related Stress in College Students","authors":"Minoo Miri, Mojtaba Firuzinezhad, Mahboobeh Maleki, Mohammadd Khosravitanak","doi":"10.32598/hsmej.9.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hsmej.9.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: The stress related to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be a risk factor for other psychological disorders in society. The present study aims to investigate the role of spiritual capital and mindfulness in predicting COVID-19-related stress in college students. Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study. The study population consist of all male and female students of Farhangian University in Birjand, Iran during 2021-2022. Of these, 242 eligible students were selected using a web-based non-probabilistic sampling method. They completed the Spiritual Capital Scale of Golparvar et al. (2015), the Southampton Mindfulness Questionnaire of Chadwick et al. (2008), and the Corona Stress Scale of Salimi (2015). For data analysis, Pearson’s correlation test and multiple regression analysis were used in SPSS software, version 22. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The relationship between spiritual capital and COVID-19-related stress (r=-0.585, P<0.01), and between mindfulness and COVID-19-related stress (r=-0.4569, P<0.01) was negative and significant. The spiritual capital explained 34.2% of the variance and the mindfulness explained 19.9% of the variance in COVID-19-related stress. Conclusion: Spiritual capital and mindfulness can predict the COVID-19-related stress among college students. This indicates the need for planning to improve individual, social, and spiritual abilities of students during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":30854,"journal":{"name":"Health Spirituality and Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43902242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic and Spiritual Challenges in Iran","authors":"F. Shirzad","doi":"10.32598/hsmej.8.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hsmej.8.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"ndividuals encounter unprecedented critical conditions globally. The Coro navirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide [1]. In addition to biopsychological health, this crisis has affected other areas of human life, like the spiritual health of individuals [2]. This issue can be of great importance because spiritual issues are closely related to general health, and especially mental health among individuals [3]. In Iran, >99% of the population is Muslim; thus, spiritual and religious is sues overlap and greatly interact [4]. Spirituality is the search to find the greatest meaning in life and closeness to the source of existence [5]. Religion structures such a search by drawing the place of religious authorities, shaping social networks, certain customs, valuing works, encouraging collective participation, and so on [6]. Due to this overlap, damaging these structures during the CO VID-19 pandemic may create a kind of spiritual crisis. How did the coronavirus create a spiritual crisis? Some aspects of this crisis include the following: 1. We can consider religious spirituality in the Iranian society as hierarchical; with important holy places and houses of religious leaders at the top; and religious pub lic meetings at the bottom, as well as mosques and Hus seiniyahs1 in the middle. All of them were closed and physical access to them had become impossible during 1. A mosque-like place used for religious meetings and religious rituals public quarantine. These include the places where some Muslims used to visit to strengthen their inner spiritual resources and release daily psychological stress. 2. In Iranian culture, individuals have a very close rela tionship with religious authorities (clerics). Accordingly, in religious affairs and some social issues, and even some daily affairs, the intellectual policy of the society is deter mined by religious leaders. Numerous religious leaders are elderly and among the high-risk group of COVID-19; therefore, this relationship was challenged by the COV ID-19 pandemic and reduced biosocial relationships. 3. The potential of religious communities and psycho social support to each other in reducing psychological stress and preventing mental disorders has been empha sized in various studies [7]. Islamic teachings also place great emphasis on community and participation among religious brothers, while these communities were also banned under quarantine due to illness","PeriodicalId":30854,"journal":{"name":"Health Spirituality and Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42239825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Spiritual Health and School Burnout With Mediating Role of Social Support","authors":"H. Jenaabadi, Khatereh Amiri Bahrami","doi":"10.32598/hsmej.8.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hsmej.8.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: In the past few decades, spiritual health, as one of the dimensions of health besides physical, mental, and social health, has drawn the attention of psychologists and mental health professionals more than ever. However, there is a research gap in our country, so the primary purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual health and school burnout with the mediating role of social support. Methods: This descriptive correlational research used the path analysis method. The statistical population comprised all sixth-grade female students (600 people) in Rudbar City, Iran, in the academic year 2020-2021. The sample size is calculated with the Morgan table (234 people). The samples were recruited by a simple random sampling method, and the research tools were the related questionnaire. The content validity and reliability of this research were confirmed. The tests were analyzed according to the research questions by path analysis, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and the 1-sample t test. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS v. 26 software and LISREL software v. 8.8. Results: There is a significant relationship between spiritual health and school burnout (P=0.01). Also, there is a significant relationship between spiritual health and social support (P=0.01). The t values obtained from the studied paths have P-values less than 0.05, so the indirect effects were statistically significant. So, social support has had an indirect impact on spiritual health and academic burnout. Conclusion: One of the influential factors in reducing school burnout and increasing spiritual health is the social support perceived by students.","PeriodicalId":30854,"journal":{"name":"Health Spirituality and Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42807378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of ACT with and without Mindfulness plus Exercises on Spiritual Health in Hemodialysis","authors":"Ali Kazemi Daluee, Fatemeh Shahhabizadeh, Maryam Nasry, Ali Akbar Samari","doi":"10.32598/hsmej.8.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hsmej.8.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Spirituality and psychological interventions are effective in promoting mental health and treating patients undergoing hemodialysis. The present study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) before dialysis, with and without mindfulness exercises during dialysis, on the spiritual health of these patients. Methods: The research design was quasi-experimental with a control group (two experimental groups and one control group) and a two-month follow-up. The study population included all patients on hemodialysis referring to hospitals affiliated to Imam Zaman Hospital in Mashhad City, Iran, from July to December 2020. A total of 60 patients were selected by a purposive sampling method based on the inclusion criteria. Then, they were randomly divided into three groups. The research instrument included a spiritual health questionnaire, and data analysis was performed by repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that both experimental groups of ACT before dialysis (P<0.001), with or without mindfulness plus exercises during dialysis (P=0.004), were effective on spiritual health in patients on hemodialysis. Conclusion: ACT alone as an effective intervention can be used in medical centers to increase the spiritual health of patients on hemodialysis.","PeriodicalId":30854,"journal":{"name":"Health Spirituality and Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47747127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediating Role of Spiritual Experiences With Ego Strength on Adaptation to Dialysis","authors":"Z. Yousefi, Zahra Simi, Mitra Amiri, Fahimeh N ourafkan Samarkhazan","doi":"10.32598/hsmej.8.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hsmej.8.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: In the care and treatment of patients in need of dialysis, spiritual experiences as a method of problem-solving in crises and problems can facilitate adaptation to dialysis. This study investigated the mediating role of spiritual experiences with ego strength on the adaptation to dialysis. Methods: The statistical population included all patients in need of dialysis referred to the Educational-Research Center of Abu Ali Sina Hospital in Shiraz City, Iran, in 2019. Out of them, 120 patients were selected by a convenience sampling method. The study data were collected through the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES), ego strength, and adaptation to disease. Then, the obtained data were analyzed based on structural equations in Amos v. 21 software. Results: The findings showed that ego strength is significant with spiritual experiences and adaptation to dialysis. But the relationship between spiritual experiences and adaptation to dialysis is not significant. Also, the direct and indirect effects of the variables showed that ego strength as a predictor variable and spiritual experiences as a mediating variable could predict adaptation to dialysis (P<0.01). But the ego strength through spiritual experiences cannot predict adaptation to dialysis. Conclusion: According to the research findings, ego strength can predict disease adaptation in dialysis patients, but daily spiritual experiences cannot lead to disease adaptation in dialysis patients.","PeriodicalId":30854,"journal":{"name":"Health Spirituality and Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43496492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Structural Model of Militancy/Peacefulness Morality Association With Psychological Wellbeing","authors":"F. Khormaei, M. Ghaemi, P. Yadollahi","doi":"10.32598/hsmej.8.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hsmej.8.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: People are always looking for new ways to achieve a good and healthy life. They associate such a life with wellbeing and happiness. The World Health Organization defines health as a form of wellbeing, in which each person identifies his or her abilities and plays a role in society effectively. Many studies have shown the correlation between moral virtues and psychological wellbeing. This research aims to study the role of militancy/ peacefulness morality in predicting psychological wellbeing among university students. Methods: This research was a correlational study. The sample size was calculated based on Kline guideline. We included in our study 530 (226 males and 304 females) undergraduate students in humanities, engineering, basic sciences, art, and architecture. They were selected by random cluster sampling method from different faculties of Shiraz University, Shiraz City, Iran, from January to September 2019. Then, they responded to Ryff’s psychological wellbeing scale and researcher-made militancy/peacefulness scale. The obtained data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in AMOS software. Results: Their Mean±SD total scores of wellbeing and militancy were 21.62±4.54 and 52.75±10.15, respectively. The results of analytical statistics showed that militancy/peacefulness (such as hatred, mischief, slander, and stupidity) is a negative predictor of psychological wellbeing. The obtained results of this analysis also showed that the final model of the study has good fitness. Conclusion: Considering the findings of this study, we recommend teaching peaceful behaviors in universities by using educational workshops in the field of moral virtue.","PeriodicalId":30854,"journal":{"name":"Health Spirituality and Medical Ethics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69705555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Empathy With Patients and Related Factors in Dental Students","authors":"Soheila Darmiani, Mahbubeh Haghi Rudi, R. Dastjerdi","doi":"10.32598/hsmej.8.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hsmej.8.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: A human is a social being and needs social cohesion, support, and understanding. The relationship between the dentist and patient is a specific example of social support and empathy. The patient is also an example of social support. An empathetic dentistpatient relationship can effectively improve the physical, psychological, and social wellbeing of the patient. In this relationship, a physician can make a better diagnosis and deliver a more satisfactory treatment outcome. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate empathy and its related factors in dental students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand City, Iran, in 2020. Methods: The study population consisted of all students of clinical dentistry. After obtaining informed consent from the students, Jefferson’s questionnaire was distributed among them. Students’ demographic information was asked in the questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA and the independent t test at the significant level of 0.05. Results: A total of 78 (42.3% male and 57.7% female) dental students participated in this study. Their Mean±SD score of empathy was 57±5.57. The mean empathy score was significantly higher in females than males (P=0.04). The mean score of empathy was significantly higher in students who were more interested in their field (P=0.03). The mean score of empathy for students was not significantly different in terms of study semester (P=0.06), marital status (P=0.95), communication skills (P=0.16), and mother’s (P=0.11), and father’s (P=0.92) education. Conclusion: The mean score of empathy was significantly higher in females and students who were more interested in their field.","PeriodicalId":30854,"journal":{"name":"Health Spirituality and Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49326832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}