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Continuous-Tone Mirage Images computed from Digitised Source Photographs 从数字化源照片计算的连续色调海市蜃楼图像
Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/mo.1986.thb4
W. Lehn, R. E. Wallace
{"title":"Continuous-Tone Mirage Images computed from Digitised Source Photographs","authors":"W. Lehn, R. E. Wallace","doi":"10.1364/mo.1986.thb4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/mo.1986.thb4","url":null,"abstract":"The properties of mirage images corresponding to a given atmospheric model can be graphically summarised in two distinct ways: the image space1, and the transfer characteristic2. The former shows the apparent heights of surfaces of constant elevation, and is useful for estimating images of objects that possess considerable longitudinal extent, i.e. varying distance from the observer. The transfer characteristic is more convenient for objects concentrated near a single plane at a fixed distance from the observer. Detailed image construction, however, is laborious with both representations: typically, the points on a line drawing of the object are individually mapped into new apparent positions and joined by straight lines to create a line drawing of the image3. Entry of object data is slow; either individual x,y coordinates are entered by hand, or the object can be traced on a digitising tablet. Because the computed image is still only a line drawing, it is not entirely satisfactory. Certainly it is not convincingly realistic when compared with a direct photograph of a mirage.","PeriodicalId":307652,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics","volume":"14 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114164506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Use of Optical Limiting Atmospheric Conditions to Assess Historical Changes in Air Pollution 利用光学限制大气条件评估空气污染的历史变化
Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/mo.1986.fa4
S. A. Changnon
{"title":"Use of Optical Limiting Atmospheric Conditions to Assess Historical Changes in Air Pollution","authors":"S. A. Changnon","doi":"10.1364/mo.1986.fa4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/mo.1986.fa4","url":null,"abstract":"Efforts to evaluate the success of the U.S. air pollution regulatory program, begun in the 1970’s, has been limited since systematic measurements of most pollutants such as ozone, SOx, and NOx are minimal prior to 1970 with none prior to 1955. Inevitable questions that arise, as one inspects and tries to interpret the temporal fluctuations of various pollutants since 1970, is whether the fluctuations are due to weather (climatic) shifts in the 70's, and whether the values differ from those that occurred during the prior 70 years when the nation became heavily industrialized, changed fossil fuels, and when gasoline-burning vehicles came into use.","PeriodicalId":307652,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133898253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Performance Characteristics of Teleradiometers 远辐射计的性能特点
Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/mo.1983.fb3
D. Allard, David H. Bush, D. Hansen, J. F. Collins
{"title":"Performance Characteristics of Teleradiometers","authors":"D. Allard, David H. Bush, D. Hansen, J. F. Collins","doi":"10.1364/mo.1983.fb3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/mo.1983.fb3","url":null,"abstract":"Teleradiometers used in the EPRI sponsored Western Regional Air Quality Study were intercompared and tested for performance uncertainties including flare effects. Test results were used to assess the accuracy and precision of visual range estimates made concurrently with human observer estimates.","PeriodicalId":307652,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131896542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Why can supernumerary bows be seen in a rainshower? 为什么在阵雨中可以看到多余的弓?
Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/mo.1983.thb4
A. B. Fraser
{"title":"Why can supernumerary bows be seen in a rainshower?","authors":"A. B. Fraser","doi":"10.1364/mo.1983.thb4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/mo.1983.thb4","url":null,"abstract":"Although the spectra of drop radii in rainshowers are very broad, the supernumerary bows are caused by only those drops with radii of about one-fourth millimeter.","PeriodicalId":307652,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115376150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Droplet Sizes in an Irregular Lunar Corona 不规则月球日冕中的液滴大小
Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/mo.1983.tha4
A. W. Peterson
{"title":"Droplet Sizes in an Irregular Lunar Corona","authors":"A. W. Peterson","doi":"10.1364/mo.1983.tha4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/mo.1983.tha4","url":null,"abstract":"Near midnight on March 30-31, 1980 a large, irregular, rapidly changing lunar corona was noted in a thin altocumulus sheet moving to the southeast. Eight Kodachrome 25 photographs of varying exposure were taken. On 10 and 12 sec exposures three red rings are clearly seen, and a partial fourth red ring can be detected on the original slides. The display ended shortly after midnight when the sky cleared. The moon was within 8 hr of being full.","PeriodicalId":307652,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124028919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Apparent Compression of Distance with Distance 距离随距离的表观压缩
Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/mo.1983.fb4
A. B. Fraser
{"title":"The Apparent Compression of Distance with Distance","authors":"A. B. Fraser","doi":"10.1364/mo.1983.fb4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/mo.1983.fb4","url":null,"abstract":"The incremental change in apparent distance varies inversely with distance squared. This has implications for both meteorological visibility and the appearance of mirages.","PeriodicalId":307652,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116382937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Temperature Profiles Computed From Superior Mirage Observations 从高级海市蜃楼观测计算的温度分布
Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/mo.1983.fc1
W. Lehn
{"title":"Temperature Profiles Computed From Superior Mirage Observations","authors":"W. Lehn","doi":"10.1364/mo.1983.fc1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/mo.1983.fc1","url":null,"abstract":"The superior mirage is seen under conditions of temperature inversion. If the vertical atmospheric temperature profile is known, the computer simulation of such observations is relatively straightforward1; but in most cases the necessary information is not available. However, with suitable assumptions, this distribution can be deduced from the mirage of a known object.","PeriodicalId":307652,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127172214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The England/Holland Halo Display of Easter Sunday 1974 1974年复活节星期日的英国/荷兰光晕展示
Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/mo.1983.fa7
R. White
{"title":"The England/Holland Halo Display of Easter Sunday 1974","authors":"R. White","doi":"10.1364/mo.1983.fa7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/mo.1983.fa7","url":null,"abstract":"Halos of unusual radii were seen in parts of southern England and in Holland in April 1974. This presentation is concerned with the phenomena observed in England on the evening of (according to most accounts) Easter Sunday 14 April 1974, from 1730hrs-1855hrs GMT. The most interesting feature of the display in that period was the variation of brightness around the circumference of the halos, which appeared to be due to the presence of incipient arcs of contact. The present investigation is an attempt to represent these features interms of crystal sub-types and/or orientations.","PeriodicalId":307652,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126407277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Simple Demonstrations of Meteorological Optical Phenomena 气象光学现象的简单演示
Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/mo.1983.fa1
C. Bohren
{"title":"Simple Demonstrations of Meteorological Optical Phenomena","authors":"C. Bohren","doi":"10.1364/mo.1983.fa1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/mo.1983.fa1","url":null,"abstract":"It may be trite to say that seeing is believing, but this is nowhere more true than in meteorological optics. Yet optical phenomena of the atmosphere are sometimes rare, and even if common they are usually ephemeral. Unlike laboratory experiments they cannot be arranged to occur at the convenience of the observer. They neither can be reproduced at will nor controlled so that their workings are more readily discernible. For these reasons demonstrations of meteorological optical phenomena are highly desirable, particularly for classroom use or as accompaniments to popular lectures. In the following paragraphs five such demonstrations are briefly described. The common thread linking them is that they require no more than a few items found in any home or school. Except for the projectors, it would be difficult to spend more than a few dollars on all of them taken together.","PeriodicalId":307652,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics","volume":"264 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122830957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Blue Skies, Red Sunsets, and the Green Flash 蓝天，红日落，绿闪电
Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/mo.1983.tha1
R. Greenler
{"title":"Blue Skies, Red Sunsets, and the Green Flash","authors":"R. Greenler","doi":"10.1364/mo.1983.tha1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/mo.1983.tha1","url":null,"abstract":"Many beautiful sky effects can be easily seen that result from light scattering in the atmosphere. Slides are shown to illustrate many of these effects and several scattering demonstrations help explain the mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":307652,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Meteorological Optics","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129507596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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