International Journal of Agriculture System最新文献

{"title":"Growth, Yield and Yield Related Parameters of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) as Affected by Proportion of Coffee Husk and Wheat Bran","authors":"Girma Gemechu","doi":"10.47604/ija.2155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ija.2155","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study was conducted in order to evaluate growth, yield and yield related parameters of oyster mushroom as affected by proportion of coffee husk and wheat bran.
 Methodology: The mushroom culture was grown on malt extract agar and the spawn was prepared on yellow color sorghum grain. The substrate was sterilized and inoculated with (10%) spawn. The experiment was laid in completely randomized block design in triplicate. The data collected were analysed by using SPSS software version 20.0 and were compared by LSD at (p≤ 0.05). The shortest days for complete mycelium colonization, primordia formation and first maturation of oyster mushroom after substrate inoculation were (19), (21.66) and (28.33) respectively from T3RI. The largest cap diameter (12.18cm) was observed from T3RI, maximum number of bunches (4.66) recorded from T5RI. T3RI. The longest incubation to 1st harvest was recorded for T7RI (44.33) days. In this study, the fresh weight of the 1st harvest was (354g) to (393g). The highest total flush weight was (806.33g/500g) T3RI and highest biological efficiency (161. 26%) T3RI. 
 Findings: The finding of this study put forward that Pleurotus ostreatus grow on locally accessible agro processing by products and has the potential to secure food self insufficiency of low income community.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: In this experiment, converting coffee husk alone or together with different proportion of wheat bran resulted in highest growth, yield, yield related parameters and biological efficiency of the oyster mushroom. Form all the substrates and substrate composition tested in this investigation T3RI, coffee husk, wheat bran in the ratio of 90:10 gave maximum in all the parameter evaluated; as a result this composition of substrate mix ratio need to be evaluated for farm, pilot and large scale production of oyster mushroom in the dry coffee processing areas.","PeriodicalId":30744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture System","volume":"31 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135267447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Zai on Cowpea Productivity (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) in a Peasant Environment Agrosystem in Digargo in Diffa’s Urban District","authors":"Younoussou Rabo, Gambo Abba, Ali Mahamane","doi":"10.47604/ija.2136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ija.2136","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is one of the most widely cultivated food crops in Niger, but Niger's agriculture remains dependent on agro-climatic and edaphic conditions. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the combined effect of zai and the number of plants per crop on cowpea growth and yield parameters.
 Methodology: Two (2) factors were studied: the zaï’s factor (A) and the number of plants per crop factor (B). The experimental design used is a total randomization device with three (3) repetitions.
 Findings: The results showed that the A2B2 treatment is characterized by the variables, good yield of pods, seeds, biomass and dry matter. A2B2 treatment had the best grain yield compared to A2B1. The average grain yield ranges from 173.3±68.1 to 1250±720 (kg/ha). However, there is no significant difference between the different treatments on the parameter of biomass.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: In this study, the best performance is obtained with two (2) plants per crop without zai techniques.","PeriodicalId":30744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture System","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135253325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Combining Ability of Maize Inbred Lines for High Plant Density Tolerance in Medium Altitudes of Kenya","authors":"J. Ndungu, B. Danga, Silvia Henga, D. Makumbi","doi":"10.47604/ija.2066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ija.2066","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The primary objective of any breeding program is to increase yields, thus superior lines based on yields are used as parents. After parents’ selection, hybrids may not perform as expected because the performance is influenced by the interactions of genotypes used, which the breeder must be well conversant with for accurate prediction of the ultimate hybrids.  \u0000Methodology: This study aimed at characterizing tropical maize germplasm on plant density tolerance and comparing combining abilities for grain yield on 120 hybrids obtained by crossing 24 males with 30 female lines using North Carolina design 2 (sets option). This was done under low (53,333), medium (66,666), and high density (88,888) plants per ha in three different zones; Kiboko (marginal zone), Embu (transitional medium), and Kakamega (upper medium). General combining ability (GCA) of 54 maize inbred lines was estimated and specific combining ability (SCA) established for 120 hybrids in 6 sets of 20 each based on family decent. They were evaluated under optimal conditions in the 3 sites named above. Evaluation was done at low, medium and high plant densities under study. The hybrids were planted in a 31*8 alpha lattice design, four local commercial varieties incorporated as checks, and the experiment replicated twice. Data collected included various agronomical traits associated with tolerance to high plant density. Field book software (CIMMYT) was used to organize data and perform preliminary analysis while SAS program (Frederick, 1999) was used to compute analysis of variance (ANOVA) for North Carolina design 2 (NC2). \u0000Findings: Observation revealed increase in plant height, grain yield, ear height, anthesis silking interval, days to 50% silking but lead to reduction in leaf angle with increase in plant density from 53,333 to 66,666 and then to 88,888. Six hybrids were significantly earlier than the check hybrids CKH10717, H517, WH505 and PHB30G19 under the 3 densities. In contrast, 6 varieties were later than all the above checks for the 3 densities. Line CKL15276 had the highest GCA effects for anthesis and days to silking at the three plant densities and highest grain yield at 66,666 plant density. In contrast female line CKL15303 had the highest negative GCA effects for anthesis and days to silking at the three plant densities revealing earliness traits. Likewise, lines CML444, CML 436 and CKL151431 had highly significant GCA effects for field and grain weights. The hybrid CKH 156598 had the highest significant SCA effects for grain yield at 66,666 plant density and for field weight at the three plant densities. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was informed by Diallel Crossing Theory and conducting systematic field trials, researchers can gain insights into the genetic effects of combining different maize inbred lines and identify potential candidates for developing maize varieties with improved high plant density tolerance in the specified r","PeriodicalId":30744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture System","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78242931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of Agricultural Transformation on Poverty Reduction in Rural Areas of Uganda. A Case of Kisoro District","authors":"Georges Kwizera, R. Mwirumubi, S. Asiimwe","doi":"10.47604/ija.2029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ija.2029","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In Uganda, poverty in rural areas had remained a challenge as depicted by 31 percent of rural population below poverty line as of financial year 2016/2017 (UBOS, 2018) having risen from 22.8 percent in financial year 2012/2013 (MoFPED, 2014). In Kisoro district, poverty was high as manifested by low household access to electricity (7.6%), piped water (33.7 %), high illiteracy levels, food insecurity, poor housing conditions where 84.6% of households lived in semi- permanent dwelling units (UBOS, 2017). The study was to examine how agricultural transformation could contribute to poverty reduction in rural areas of Uganda with a case of Kisoro district. The study objectives were:  to establish how farming practices could contribute rural poverty reduction in Kisoro district; to explore the effect of agro- processing on rural poverty reduction in Kisoro district; to find out how marketing of agricultural produce and products could ensure rural poverty reduction in Kisoro district and to establish the relationship between agricultural transformation policies and rural poverty reduction in Kisoro district. \u0000Methodology: The study was undertaken in Kisoro district where 391 participants were respondents from sample of 400 a representation of 97.8 % response rate. The respondents were constituted of agricultural farmers and industrialists, business entrepreneurs, district technical staff, religious, political and opinion leaders. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used in the study with a cross- sectional survey design applied. The methods used in data collection methods were: survey, interviews, observations and review of both primary and secondary documents; the tools used included self-administered questionnaires, interview guide, interview schedule, observation plan, observation checklist, a camera and a recorder. \u0000Findings: The study findings established that Farming practices could significantly ensure rural poverty reduction in Kisoro district.The findings established that there was a positive and significant relationship between farming practices and rural poverty reduction (r = 0.253, p< 0.05). Agro- processing had a significant effect on rural poverty reduction in Kisoro district with a positive and significant relationship (r = 0. 351, p< 0.05) with also a positive and significant influence on poverty reduction (β= 0.170, p = 0.001). This result demonstrated that improvements in agro- processing were followed by improvements in poverty reduction. Marketing of agricultural produce and products could significantly ensure rural poverty reduction in Kisoro district (r = 0.246, p< 0.05), though with a negative as well as insignificant influence on poverty reduction (β = -0.018, p = 0.751The findings established that there was a positive and significant relationship between agricultural transformation policies and rural poverty reduction (r= 0.329, p<0.05) with a positive and significant influence on poverty reduction (β = 0","PeriodicalId":30744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture System","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83527784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Advanced Food Processing Technologies on Agricultural Value Addition","authors":"Faith Neema","doi":"10.47604/ija.2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ija.2004","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study aimed at investigating the impact of advanced food processing technologies on agricultural value addition \u0000Methodology: This study adopted a desktop methodology. This study used secondary data from which include review of existing literature from already published studies and reports that was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. \u0000Findings: The study revealed that the adoption of advanced food processing technologies enhances value addition by preserving nutritional quality, extending shelf life, improving sensory attributes, optimizing processing efficiency, and ensuring microbial safety. The study also found out that advance food processing technologies have significant advantages over conventional processing methods, such as increased yield of bioactive compounds, improved rehydration properties, reduced drying time, and better maintenance of color, flavor, and texture. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was anchored on Innovation Systems theory which was developed by Christopher Freeman and the Diffusion of Innovations Theory which was propounded by Everett Rogers. The study recommends the adoption of advanced food processing technologies can facilitate the development of innovative food products that meet consumer demands for healthier, safer, and more convenient options.","PeriodicalId":30744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture System","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75069074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Food Production","authors":"L. Mwangi","doi":"10.47604/ija.1994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ija.1994","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine the impacts of climate change on agricultural food production. \u0000Methodology: This study adopted a desktop methodology. This study used secondary data from which include review of existing literature from already published studies and reports that was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. \u0000Findings: The study found out that the adverse effects of climate change includes rising temperatures, changes in rainfall patterns, and increased frequency of extreme weather events, on crop yields, livestock production, and viticulture. The findings consistently demonstrate that climate change poses significant risks to food security and agricultural livelihoods in different regions. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was anchored on theory of ecological modernization which was originally developed by Joseph Huber and the risk society theory which was proposed by Ulrich Beck. The study recommends that there should a focus on building adaptive capacity and resilience in agricultural systems to withstand the impacts of climate change. This involves promoting the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices such as agroforestry, conservation agriculture and sustainable water management techniques.","PeriodicalId":30744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture System","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86154331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Women on Agricultural Sector Growth","authors":"Nelly Chebet","doi":"10.47604/ija.1980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ija.1980","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine the role of women in the agricultural sector growth. \u0000Methodology: This study adopted a desktop methodology. This study used secondary data from which include review of existing literature from already published studies and reports that was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. \u0000Findings: The study revealed that women's participation in agricultural cooperatives that, entrepreneurship, access to land rights, and extension services positively influenced agricultural productivity and income generation. Cooperative membership and entrepreneurship provided women with access to resources, markets, and knowledge, leading to increased agricultural productivity and economic gains. Secure land rights empowered women, enabling them to invest in agriculture and adopt improved farming practices. Access to extension services facilitated the dissemination of information, technical training, and market opportunities, contributing to agricultural sector growth. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was anchored on Agricultural innovation systems theory which was propounded by Dr. Norman Clark and gender and development theory which was propounded by Maxine Molyneux. The study recommended that policymakers should prioritize promoting women's access to resources, education, training, and credit facilities. It also recommended that strengthening women's participation in decision-making processes, fostering cooperative networks, and ensuring secure land tenure rights are crucial steps toward empowering women in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":30744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture System","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77455809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Global Warming on Agricultural Productivity","authors":"J. Baraka","doi":"10.47604/ija.1971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ija.1971","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine the effect of global warming on Agricultural productivity \u0000Methodology: This study adopted a desktop methodology. This study used secondary data from which include review of existing literature from already published studies and reports that was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. \u0000Findings: The study revealed that farmers are experiencing changes in temperature and precipitation patterns including more frequent and intense droughts and floods. These changes are leading to lower crop yields and incomes. The study also found that farmers were aware of the impact of climate change on agriculture and had adopted several adaptation strategies, including changing planting dates, selecting heat-tolerant rice varieties, and applying organic fertilizers \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was anchored on Resilience Theory which originated from the work of C.S. Holling and Social-Constructivist Theory which originated from the works of Lev Vygotsky. The study recommends that farmers should adopt climate-smart agricultural practices, such as conservation agriculture and improved water management, to increase their resilience to climate change. The study also recommends that farmers should be given support to enable them to adapt to the changing climatic conditions including access to finance, education and training","PeriodicalId":30744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture System","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79165571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of New Agri Techniques on World Hunger","authors":"James M. Mukasa","doi":"10.47604/ija.1972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ija.1972","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine the effect of new agriculture techniques on world hunger. \u0000Methodology: This study adopted a desktop methodology. This study used secondary data from which include review of existing literature from already published studies and reports that was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. \u0000Findings: The study revealed that new agri techniques has increased yield of crops. With advanced technology and modern crop varieties, farmers can produce more food with less land, water, and other resources. This can help to meet the growing demand for food as the global population continues to increase. Some of the new agri technique include adoption of GMOs, precision irrigation, precision agriculture and vertical farming. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was anchored theory of sustainable agriculture and theory of agricultural innovation systems (AIS). The study recommended that policies and institutional frameworks should be developed to support the adoption of modern technologies in agriculture including the provision of technical assistance, access to credit and market support. The study recommended there is need for financial incentives to encourage farmers to adopt new agricultural techniques.","PeriodicalId":30744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture System","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89439509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Storage Methods on Sprouting and Nutritional Quality of Ginger (ZingiberofficinaleRosc) Rhizomes in Different Storage Periods","authors":"O. Stephen, O. Olakunle, B. A.","doi":"10.47604/ija.1948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ija.1948","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Harvested ginger rhizomes are highly vulnerable to damage during postharvest storage due to soil borne pathogens or pest attack. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of storage methods required for sprouting and maintaining the nutritional quality of ginger rhizomes under different storage periods in the laboratory.  \u0000Methods: The rhizomes were stored inside five different storage methods viz., refrigerator, clay pots, pit lined with sand, pit lined with sawdust and black polythene bag with twelve perforations at three different storage periods of one, two and three months. The experiment was laid out in a complete randomized design and randomized complete block design for laboratory and field experiment respectively, replicated three times. Data were collected on temperature, percentage weight loss of stored rhizomes, percentage sprouting, plant height, number of leaves, leaf area and nutritional quality of ginger rhizomes. Data were subjected to analysis of variance using Statistical Analysis System Software (SAS, 2005). Differences among treatment means were compared using Least Significance Difference (LSD) at 5% probability level. \u0000Results: The storage methods significantly (P≤0.05) influenced the percentage sprouting, weight loss, growth parameters and nutritional quality of ginger at various storage periods. The highest growth parameters were recorded from rhizomes stored for three months while the least value was recorded from rhizomes stored for one month. Highest percentage sprouting (94.90%) was recorded from rhizomes stored inside pit-sawdust followed by polythene (85.25%) while least percentage sprouting (66.28 %) was recorded from refrigerator. Rhizomes stored inside clay pots recorded least percentage weight loss of 27.89% closely followed by pit-sawdust (28.45%) and retained the nutritional quality of ginger at various storage periods while rhizomes stored inside refrigerator recorded highest percentage weight loss of 62.78.%. \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion, storage of rhizomes inside pit-sawdust as well as clay pots for a period of three months before planting produced better ginger growth on the field and maintain the quality of stored rhizomes.","PeriodicalId":30744,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture System","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84185249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}