University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Racial Discrimination during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Mental Health of Young Adults","authors":"Cloudia Rodriguez, R. Feng, Irene Vitoroulis","doi":"10.18192/uojm.v13i01.6413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v13i01.6413","url":null,"abstract":"With the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in mental health problems in the population worldwide. During the pandemic, individuals from East Asian backgrounds have been blamed for COVID-19 and faced xenophobic attacks, leading to increased incidents of racial discrimination. We administered an online survey to examine (a) associations between in-person and online racial discrimination and mental health (i.e., anxiety and depression) among East Asian university students (n=169) in Canada; and (b) the extent to which coping strategies and ethnic/cultural identity stage (e.g., exploration, resolution, affirmation) moderate the associations between discrimination and mental health. Results from hierarchical regressions indicated that experiencing online racial discrimination predicted more anxiety (b= .263, SE= .070, p< .001) and depression (b= .296, SE= .073, p< .001) symptoms. Using emotion-focused disengagement coping strategies predicted more anxiety (b= .705, SE= .129, p< .001) and depression (b= .763, SE= .127, p< .001). However, identity affirmation (i.e., positive feelings towards ethnic group) predicted less depression (b= -.533, SE= .245, p= .031). Results suggest that exposure to online racial discrimination during the pandemic has a negative effect on East Asian students’ well-being. However, positive feelings towards one’s ethnic identity may protect against mental health problems related to experiences of racial discrimination.","PeriodicalId":30662,"journal":{"name":"University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48253504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L’utilisation des médias sociaux en éducation médicale : cas de Twitter","authors":"Ali Jalali, Dahn Jeong, Hérold Constant, S. Sutherland","doi":"10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6417","url":null,"abstract":"Contexte. Depuis les années 2000, les médias sociaux connaissent une expansion rapide et sont en voie de changer le monde actuel. Leur usage notamment par les jeunes transforme les habitudes de vie, les comportements et les attentes sociales des individus, y compris dans le milieu éducatif. La pédagogie universitaire contemporaine reflète bien ce changement. Depuis quelque temps, on constate une augmentation de leur utilisation dans les activités d’enseignement. Toutefois, cette pratique comporte des enjeux pédagogiques et éthiques considérables. Objectifs. Cet article vise àanalyser les modes d’utilisation des médias sociaux tels que Twitter, Facebook et YouTube en éducation médicale. En centrant le regard sur Twitter, il explore les façons dont ces médias peuvent être intégrés dans l’enseignement et ainsi met en évidence leurs potentiels apports pédagogiques. Méthodologie. Pour parvenir à ces objectifs, nous avons fait une observation ethnographique en ligne et une recherche documentaire sur les études portant sur l’utilisation des médias sociaux les plus populaires dans les activités universitaires. Nous avons ciblé les études et les pratiques qui mettent en évidence l’efficacité et les potentiels apports de ces médias, désormais considérés comme outils pédagogiques à l’éducation médicale. Conclusion. Même si l’évidence empirique demeure encore insuffisante, la revue de littérature effectuée montre que l’utilisation des médias sociaux a des effets positifs évidents et potentiels en éducation médicale. Twitter offre de formidables possibilités de contribuer à l’enseignement universitaire dans ce domaine. Néanmoins, il faut des études plus systématiques pour les découvrir et déterminer leur applicabilité. ","PeriodicalId":30662,"journal":{"name":"University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43331374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Self-Reported Readiness of Medical Students transitioning to Clinical Clerkship at the University of Ottawa","authors":"Neelam Mistry, Stefan de Laplante, Craig Murray Campbell","doi":"10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6465","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The transition from pre-clerkship to clinical clerkship is a pivotal moment for medical students. Curricular improvements can be made to better prepare students for clerkship. We collected student feedback to generate recommendations for improvement with regard to clerkship preparedness at the University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine. \u0000Methods: We created a pre- and post-clerkship transition survey for medical students at the University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine. The groups assessed were from different cohorts. Likert-type and open ended questions were used. The survey was open from October 10 to October 31, 2020. Microsoft Excel 2016 was used for data analysis. \u0000Results:  We obtained 176 respondents (37% response rate), of which 158 provided consent and completed the survey. Students in the post-transition group were less anxious about the transition to clerkship, compared to their pre-transition colleagues, with the most significant difference being completing a thorough history and physical examination (2.9/5.0 vs. 3.3/5.0, p<0.05). The two main stressors for incoming clerks were inadequate clinical skills training in pre-clerkship and lack of clarity around clerkship roles, responsibilities, and expectations. \u0000Conclusion: Improvements can be made in pre-clerkship through the integration of small-group orientation sessions, formative OSCEs, accelerated review of pre-clerkship material, and clerkship simulation sessions to facilitate a seamless transition to clerkship at the University of Ottawa.","PeriodicalId":30662,"journal":{"name":"University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43393991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elective Reports: Reflecting on End-of-Life (Care)","authors":"Madhavi Arora","doi":"10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6084","url":null,"abstract":"None, this is an elective report","PeriodicalId":30662,"journal":{"name":"University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41447142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Through Adversity We Innovate","authors":"Spencer Short","doi":"10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6580","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30662,"journal":{"name":"University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43431271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scoping Review of Challenges and Existing Tools","authors":"M. Antoine, Maria Cherba, Sylvie Grosjean, S. Boet, Richard Waldolf","doi":"10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6320","url":null,"abstract":"In light of the COVID-19 public health restrictions, the use of telemedicine has been on the rise. This care delivery model is valued for its potential to increase care access while providing safe care. However, it changes the way patients and providers interact. Communication during video consultations requires embodied engagement to compensate for the physical distance. This study aimed to identify patient-provider communication challenges during video consultations and assess the tools developed to support patient-provider communication according to the published literature from 2019 to 2022. Searches of eight databases (Medline (Ovid), PubMed, ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, PsychInfo, and Social Services Abstracts), and a Google search for grey literature were conducted. Nineteen articles met inclusion criteria. Findings show that patients and providers share the same concerns, such as a lack of trust relating to physical distance, the ability to establish a meaningful relationship, and a lack of confidence in clinical assessment. The available tools, however, are based on guidelines that are difficult to adapt to the diversity of interaction contexts. There is a need for tools that consider the complexity of patient-provider communication in order to address the challenges stemming from the lack of trust in the context of video consultations. These findings can inform strategies for effective patient-provider communication during video consultations to improve the quality of care and optimize outcomes in this context. ","PeriodicalId":30662,"journal":{"name":"University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42086937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyberapprentissage en pédagogie médicale : l’internet va-t-il un jour remplacer les professeurs?","authors":"Ali Jalali, Dahn Jeong, Anna MacLeod, D. Archibald","doi":"10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v12i1.6140","url":null,"abstract":"Le cyberapprentissage facilite l’accès en ligne à des ressources pédagogiques, partout et en tout temps. Il peut être utilisé à divers niveaux, comme dans le cadre de l’enseignement de nouveaux concepts, de la simulation, de l’évaluation et du travail collaboratif. Les outils de cyberapprentissage sont aussi excellents pour susciter la participation des apprenants et favoriser l’apprentissage actif. Dans cet article, les auteurs discuteront des différents outils du cyberapprentissage et des cinq étapes de la conception pédagogique en cyberapprentissage, à savoir la définition, la conception, la création, la distribution et la démonstration, puis ils articuleront les meilleures méthodes d’évaluation de l’efficacité de ces outils.","PeriodicalId":30662,"journal":{"name":"University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48030554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Case for Rhodobacter Sphaeroides as a probiotic: Applications for Human Health and Ulcerative Colitis","authors":"Tristan St-Laurent","doi":"10.18192/uojm.v13i01.6149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v13i01.6149","url":null,"abstract":"In this short review, the mechanisms through which the probiotic administration of non-pathogenic bacterium Rhodobacter Sphaeroides could contribute to human health in general, and more specifically, the treatment of ulcerative colitis, are explored. This review is built around the concept that the mitochondrion is the key player in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, and proposes ways that the probiotic could contribute to a more optimal environment for mitochondrial functioning, namely through reduction of inflammation and production of beneficial compounds like ubiquinone and bacteria-derived carotenoids. It concludes with the current state of the research involving Rhodobacter Sphaeroides as a probiotic and suggests possible future directions.","PeriodicalId":30662,"journal":{"name":"University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46791432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confronting Canada’s overdose crisis: what’s the deal with decriminalization?","authors":"Rebecca Seliga","doi":"10.18192/uojm.v11i2.6086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v11i2.6086","url":null,"abstract":"The current overdose epidemic in Canada has only been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Deaths from overdose are increasing, and urgent response and action are needed to save the lives of people who use drugs. The concept of ‘decriminalizing drugs’ is not new, but discourse around it has been increasing recently, with major urban centres calling on the Canadian government to take action. This commentary discusses the meaning of decriminalization, recent progress that has been made in Canada, and its possible implications on the lives of people who use drugs.","PeriodicalId":30662,"journal":{"name":"University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46214149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study Protocol: Racial Discrimination, Cultural Processes and Wellbeing Among Asian University Students","authors":"Cloudia Rodriguez, Ruo Ying Feng, Irene Vitoroulis","doi":"10.18192/uojm.v11i2.6065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v11i2.6065","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in racial discrimination and xenophobia directed towards Asians has been documented in Western countries. The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have also led to increases in mental health problems among people worldwide. Individuals from Asian backgrounds are at high risk for experiencing a dual-threat, due to risk for racial discrimination, in addition to general life and COVID-19-specific stressors. In Canada, the largest population of foreign- and Canadian-born immigrants are from Asian origins, while 74.9% of Canada’s international students in Canadian universities come from Asian countries. Considering the increase in incidents of racism and violence against Asian communities in Canada and the potential impacts of discriminatory events, our goal is to investigate associations between in-person and online racial discrimination and mental health among university students from Asian backgrounds, and the extent to which general coping strategies (e.g., problem-focused, emotion-focused, physical activity) contribute to better mental health outcomes among students. Because individuals from immigrant backgrounds, including Asian, are highly heterogeneous in terms of their immigration characteristics (e.g., immigrant status, length of residence), we will also examine the extent to which cultural processes (i.e., acculturation, cultural identity) affect associations between racial discrimination and mental health. \u0000Methods and analyses: University students from Asian backgrounds will be asked to complete an online survey examining mental health, in-person and online racial discrimination, physical activity, coping strategies, and cultural processes (i.e., acculturation, cultural identity). Hierarchical multiple regressions will be conducted to examine associations between racial discrimination and mental health, and the moderating role of coping strategies and cultural processes. \u0000Ethics and Dissemination: This project has received ethics approval from the University of Ottawa Research Ethics Board. Results of the study will be published in UOJM and can later be submitted for internal or external conference presentations or other journals, recognizing UOJM as the primary publisher.","PeriodicalId":30662,"journal":{"name":"University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47607857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}