Academicus International Scientific Journal最新文献

{"title":"Biography and Social Research","authors":"F. Ferrarotti","doi":"10.7336/academicus.2022.26.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2022.26.01","url":null,"abstract":"This essay tries to show the scientific validity of the biographical approach in social research. In a sense, it is the realization that nobody would talk about his or her intimate existential experiences, or Erlebnisse, to a tape-reading machine. The object of sociology is not an object. It is a person, a human being living in society, and as such it must be dealt with.","PeriodicalId":30503,"journal":{"name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76366018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Questioning on Several Forms of Fascism","authors":"Stefan Sumah, Anze Sumah","doi":"10.7336/academicus.2022.26.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2022.26.07","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of fascism has been defined quite precisely by researchers in the field of political science and sociology, who also defined its main features or characteristics. However, with the word fascism (and its derivatives, e.g. fascists, fascist…) members of the left often label their opponents, thus, this is word is often misused. In essence, fascism is a word that has become synonymous with the word totalitarianism. With the analysis that was based on similar characteristics we concluded that totalitarianisms of both poles (if the classical left–right political spectrum is applied) exhibit more common features than, for instance, totalitarianisms and classical dictatorships, which are also often called fascist or semi-fascist regimes. Thus, German Nazism (often also presented as one of the forms of fascism) and Russian Bolshevism (as one of the extremes forms of socialism) or Titoism in Yugoslavia have more in common than e.g. German Nazism and Pinochet’s dictatorship in Chile or the dictatorship of colonels in Greece (both also frequently referred to as fascistic regimes or semi-fascist regimes). Using the word fascism is often not so much about denoting the actual content as it is more for political propaganda and slandering the opponent. If it was based on actual characteristics, fascism (fascist, fascists…) could become an adjective to denote all totalitarianisms (left fascism, right-wing fascism, Islamic fascism…).","PeriodicalId":30503,"journal":{"name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88748753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migration flows and the future of democracy and world order","authors":"Sybil Rhodes","doi":"10.7336/academicus.2022.26.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2022.26.08","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarizes the major themes of my current monograph project and my recent co-edited volume on post-Kantian perfectionism. The central thesis is that Kant’s critique of rational heteronomy in the Groundwork effectively ruled out certain types of perfectionist ethics and their corresponding political applications, notably the programmes of Christian Wolff and his school, which were dominant in the German territories in the mid- to late eighteenth century. Kant’s critiques did not, however, preclude the emergence of a new type of perfectionism, no longer based on the state-sponsored promotion of eudaimonia or material, intellectual, and spiritual thriving, but on the advancement of freedom and the conditions for its exercise. Predicated on the idea of right, post-Kantian perfectionism focuses on maintaining and enhancing the juridical, political, and economic conditions for rightful interaction among self-defining individuals. Humboldt, Schiller, Fichte, Hegel, and the Hegelian School exemplify this new approach in different ways. Marx’s problematic relation to this tradition is outlined.","PeriodicalId":30503,"journal":{"name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82689570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shaping Pluralistic Cohesive Societies","authors":"Mike Mohamed Ghouse","doi":"10.7336/academicus.2022.26.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2022.26.10","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to prepare an individual to function effectively in a constantly changing multi-faith, multi-cultural, multi-racial, multi-ethnic, and multi-everything society with minimum conflicts. Pluralism is a new subject with a focus on its effect on different aspects of life in building cohesive societies where no one has to live in apprehension or fear of the other. Pluralism means respecting the otherness of others in religion, culture, politics, and the workplace. You may see people of different faiths, races, cultures, and ethnicities interacting, working, studying, intermingling, playing, and marrying each other. A decade from now, you may not see the monopoly of a race or cultural groups in the workplace, place of worship, school, bus, train, theater, library, or other public gatherings. These interactions between people not familiar with each other’s culture lend themselves to misunderstandings and are bound to create conflicts. As responsible members of society, we must prepare ourselves to prevent possible challenges and lay a foundation for the effective functioning of institutions where every human feels secure about his faith, race, ethnicity, culture, language, political or sexual orientation, or any other uniqueness. Exclusive communities will become a thing of the past. If you live amidst others, you should also respect the otherness of others, as you expect them to do the same for you.","PeriodicalId":30503,"journal":{"name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81819638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stroke Prone Profile dan Tingkat Risiko Stroke Lansia Panti Jompo Provinsi Sumatera Barat Tahun 2021","authors":"Erdanela Setiawati","doi":"10.56260/sciena.v1i3.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56260/sciena.v1i3.48","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability worldwide. Half of the strokes occur in those over the age of 75. One way to prevent stroke in high-risk elderly is to find and control risk factors, especially modifiable risk factors. Stroke Prone Profile is a risk factor for the elderly. Aims: The purpose of the study is to determine the level of stroke risk in the elderly and the risk factors possessed by the elderly and the relationship between the two. \u0000Method: This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The population is all elderly living in three nursing homes in West Sumatra Province in 2021, using the total sampling method (190 elderly). Results: Most of the elderly are high-risk elderly (55.3%). The risk factors of the elderly are sequentially from the most risk factors as follows: 1) high cholesterol 83.2%, 2) high blood pressure 63.7%, 3) no exercise (physical activity) 47.4%, 4) smoker 32.6%, 5) irregular heartbeat 19.5%, 6) family history of stroke 13.2%, 7) obesity 5.8%, and 8) history of diabetes mellitus (diabetes mellitus) 3.7%. There is a relationship between the high level of stroke risk in the elderly and the risk factors with a p-value = 0.000. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the level of stroke risk of the elderly living in three nursing homes in West Sumatra Province with all the risk factors with a p-value = 0.000","PeriodicalId":30503,"journal":{"name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86160031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rekonstruksi Ruptur Kartilago Aurikula","authors":"Fory Fortuna, Indah Febranambela Jovie","doi":"10.56260/sciena.v1i3.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56260/sciena.v1i3.51","url":null,"abstract":"Auricular cartilage rupture is one of the most common defects caused by trauma on head region. This is due to the protruding position of the ears on the sides of the head which is only covered by a thin skin structure. A 17 years old male patient, came to the Emergency Department of Andalas University Hospital due to a torn wound on his left ear 30 minutes before admitted to the hospital due to hit by a motorcycle handlebar. On physical examination, we found a laceration with skin avulsion around 2 cm square on the tragus auricular area to the lobules with irregular cartilage rupture. Based on the results of the inner ear examination, no abnormalities were found. We performed wound cleansing, wound edge repair, cartilage repair, and local flaps to cover the cartilage tissue, then we applied pressure bandages to prevent hematomas. The result after seven days after the procedure showed no signs of inflammation nor infection, the shape of the ear looked close to normal structure, and the inconspicuous and fine-line scar were achieved.","PeriodicalId":30503,"journal":{"name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82899175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profil Kehamilan Ibu Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 6–24 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Air Dingin Kota Padang","authors":"Laura Zeffira, Syafnira Defiari Putri, N. Dewi","doi":"10.56260/sciena.v1i3.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56260/sciena.v1i3.45","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000  \u0000Pendahuluan: Kualitas sumber daya manusia telah mulai terbentuk sejak dalam kandungan. Kondisi kehamilan seorang ibu sangat erat kaitannya dengan kualitas janin yang dilahirkan. Kejadian stunting pada anak dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya kondisi ibu pada saat hamil.  Status gizi ibu, usia ibu, jarak antar kehamilan dan penyakit penyerta saat kehamilan merupakan karakteristik yang bisa mempengaruhi kualitas janin yang akan berkembang menjadi seorang anak nantinya. Tujuan penelitian:  melihat gambaran riwayat kehamilan ibu terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-24 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Air Dingin Kota Padang. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel merupakan  ibu yang memiliki anak stunting yang berusia 6-24 bulan. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini 67 orang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dari bulan November-Desember 2019.  Hasil: Pada penelitian ini di peroleh hasil usia ibu saat hamil terbanyak pada kelompok usia 30-39 tahun (57,7%), berat badan anak saat lahir normal (74,6%), ibu mengalami non KEK saat hamil (64,2%), jarak kehamilan ibu lebih dari 2 tahun (71,6%), ibu tidak mengalami anemia saat hamil (50,7%), dan ibu tidak mengalami hipertensi saat hamil (65,7%). Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini, sebagian besar ibu yang memiliki anak stunting memiliki gambaran riwayat kehamilan ibu yang normal. Oleh karena itu, disarankan dapat meningkatkan pemberian ASI, MP-ASI, dan pola asuh terhadap anak dalam mencegah stunting. \u0000  \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":30503,"journal":{"name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73415124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Body Mass Index In Third Trimester of Pregnancy With Low Back Pain Incidence","authors":"Jefri Henky, Efriza, Aprillia","doi":"10.56260/sciena.v1i3.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56260/sciena.v1i3.47","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Low Back Pain is pain in the lower back which is a sign of disorder that causes a state of discomfort in performing daily activities and is felt in the anatomical area, especially in the fifth lumbal and sacral area. Low Back Pain will increase as gestational ages. This discomfort begins between the fifth and seventh months of pregnancy. Purpose : To find the relationship between body mass index in the third trimester of pregnancy with Low Back Pain incidence. Method : This research is an observational analytical research with cross-sectional approach. The population of this research is pregnant women in the third trimester who visited poly Obstetrics and Gynecology Hermina Padang Hospital with 77 samples by using consecutive sampling technique. Data analysis uses univariate and bivariate analysis with data processing using the computerized SPSS 23.0 version. Results : The most age were 26-35 years which is 44 people (57,1%), the most likely respondents were those who did not work which is 48 people (62,3%), and the most respondents gestational age is > 36 weeks that is 40 people (51,9 %). The average body weight of the respondent is 65.8277 kg with a minimum body weight 51.51 kg and maximum 80.40 kg. The average height of respondent is 157.99 cm with a minimum height 148 cm and maximum 170 cm. The majority of respondents with an overweight body mass index were 50 people (64,9%), the highest level of LBP pain is 2 (a little pain) which is 26 people (33,8%), with respondents experienced LBP of 61 people (79,2%). Based on the bivariate analysis, it is known that there is a relationship between body mass index in the third trimester of pregnancy with Low Back Pain incidence (p=0.022). Conclusion : The third trimester of pregnant women, the most age is early adulthood (26-35 yars), with the most work is not working, and the most gestational age >36 weeks. The average body weight of the respondent is 65.8277 kg and the average height of the respondent is 157.99cm, the most body mass index is overweight, the highest level of LBP pain is 2 (a little pain), and in the third trimester pregnant women experience the most LBP incidence is yes and there is a relationship between body mass index in the third trimester of pregnancy with low back pain incidence.","PeriodicalId":30503,"journal":{"name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80804937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gambaran Karakteristik Pasien Retinopati Diabetik yang Dilakukan Pembedahan Vitrektomi Di RSKM Padang Eye Center Tahun 2019-2020","authors":"Veronika Puteri, Naima Lassie, M. N. Huda","doi":"10.56260/sciena.v1i3.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56260/sciena.v1i3.40","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Diabetic retinopathy is a complication from diabetes as progressive microangiopathy causing microvascular damage on retina it can cause permanent blindness. Factors influencing the severity of diabetic retinopathy are hyperglycemic state, duration of sickness and hypertension. Surgical procedures for diabetic retinopathy is a vitrectomy to clean the cloudy vitreous caused by bleeding, thereby increasing visual acuity. Objective : The purpose of this study was to determine characteristics of diabetic retinopathy patients performed vitrectomy surgery. Methods : The type of this research is descriptive categoric with cross sectional design. The population in this study ware patients diabetic retinopathy patients performed vitrectomy surgery at RSKM Padang Eye Center in 2019-2020 with 50 patients. Univariate data analysis using the SPSS program version 25.0. Results : Characteristics of diabetic retinopathy patients performed vitrectomy surgery obtained the most age 46 to 55 years and 56 to 65 years each 17 people (34%), the gender was dominated female 29 people (58%), with type 2 diabetes type (98%), long duration of diabetes < 5 years (38%), with a history of hypertension as many as 38 people (76%), the most diabetic retinopathy PDR +PV (50%), with bilateral eye (86%), the most type of vitrectomy action was vitrectomy + endolaser + inj. Anti-VEGF (34%), experienced visus before treatment with bad category (96%), visus 1 month after surgery is mostly still in bad category (84%), and subjective visus quality of patients after 1 month of surgery (42%). Conclusion : Most age 46-65 years, female gender, type 2 diabetes melitus, longduration of diabetes <5 years, have a history of hypertension, with degree  of PDR + PV, bilateral involved eyes, vitrectomy + endolaser + inj. Anti-VEGF, poor visus beforesurgery, visus after vitrectomy surgery is poor but there is improvement in visus by 38%, and the patient's subjective quality of visus after surgery improved.","PeriodicalId":30503,"journal":{"name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77700368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keloid Pasca Pemasangan Gips: Laporan Kasus","authors":"Salsabilla Desy Kartikasari, Fory Fortuna","doi":"10.56260/sciena.v1i3.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56260/sciena.v1i3.50","url":null,"abstract":"Pendahuluan. Keloid adalah salah satu manifestasi penyembuhan luka yang terjadi secara abnormal berupa jaringan parut yang timbul atau tumbuh melebihi batas luka. Angka kejadian keloid memiliki distribusi jenis kelamin yang sama, baik pada laki-laki maupun perempuan, dan angka kejadian tertinggi adalah pada usia dekade kedua dan ketiga, serta peran predisposisi genetik. Keloid pada umumnya terjadi akibat luka pada area predileksi. Keloid pada area antebrachii jarang terjadi. Kasus yang kami laporkan merupakan kasus keloid area antebrachii setelah pemasangan gips untuk immobilisasi patah tulang.  \u0000Metode. Pada laporan kasus ini akan dicantumkan tinjauan kepustakaan mengenai keloid, serta laporan kasus dan diskusi. Pasien laki laki berusia 12 tahun datang ke poliklinik Bedah Plastik Rumah Sakit Universitas Andalas dengan keluhan kulit yang menebal dan menggelap pasca pelepasan gips. \u0000Hasil. Berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan penunjang, pasien didiagnosis dengan keloid pada regio antebrachii kanan. Pasien kemudian dilakukan eksisi keloid dan direncanakan untuk terapi ajuvan untuk mencegah kekambuhan. Pada pasien ini terapi post operatif skin tapping dan balutan kompresi menggunakan elastic verband kemudian disarankan untuk kontrol setiap bulannya untuk mencegah kekambuhan. ","PeriodicalId":30503,"journal":{"name":"Academicus International Scientific Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87189548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}