Fizicka Kultura最新文献

{"title":"Preliminary research of superstitious behavior in orienteering","authors":"L. Bačanac, Irina Juhas","doi":"10.5937/fizkul75-34098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/fizkul75-34098","url":null,"abstract":"Superstitious behaviors stem from athletes' need to reduce competitive pressure and uncertainty of outcome, as it gives them the illusion of control over a number of external factors (luck factors) that may affect their competitive result. This study aims to determine the presence of superstitious behavior, its relationship to age, gender, competitive experience and self-confidence of competitors, and adequacy of Bleak and Frederick scale (1998) use to our athletes. From the original Superstitious Rituals Questionnaire developed by Bleak and Frederic (1998), after translation into Serbian, four items were removed, and the question of confidence in one's own orienteering skills was added, and the respondents were allowed to list personal superstitious behaviors not mentioned in the questionnaire. The questionnaire was completed by 78 orienteers (45 men, 33 women), aged 10-70 years and with an average competitive experience of 15.2 years. Based on the obtained research results, it was determined that from 10 to 68% of Serbian orienteers use 15 out of a total of 41 superstitious rituals, that the average number of these rituals per respondent was small (M/SD = 5.38 +/-3.46), that their effectiveness assessed on a scale of 0-5 was low (2.88 +/-1.31), that no one used 6 rituals, and that a significant number of orienteering-specific rituals were listed that were not present in the applied questionnaire. There is a significant positive correlation between the number of uses of superstitious rituals and female gender (r=.25), and a negative one with age, competitive experience, and self-confidence in orienteering skills (r=-.40; -.38; -.39, respectively). The fact that Serbian orienteers practice a relatively small number of superstitious behaviors listed in the applied questionnaire, mentioning at the same time, other superstitious rituals that they usually consider necessary routines of pre-start preparation, indicate the need to construct a new superstitious behavior questionnaire specific to orienteering and our sports culture.","PeriodicalId":30424,"journal":{"name":"Fizicka Kultura","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85774393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Components of competition routines in rhythmic gymnastics depending on the type of apparatus","authors":"Slobodanka Dobrijević, Lidija Moskovljević","doi":"10.5937/fizkul75-34992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/fizkul75-34992","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring and analysis of competition routines in rhythmic gymnastics have so far provided a lot of useful information on the development trends of this sport and current models in elite sport, but also pointed out shortcomings in the development system of this sports discipline, trying to guide its development in the right direction. However, there are still insufficiently researched areas in this field, numerous doubts and incomplete analyses, and this study was organized as a certain contribution to solving these problems. The aim of this paper was to determine whether routines with different types of apparatus differ in the routine components, which describe the competitive performance i.e.,score in rhythmic gymnastics. The analysis included a total of 1044 routines from the two Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships, including 261 routines with each apparatus (hoop, ball, clubs, ribbon). There were 7 variables examined in relation to the scores achieved by the competitors for individual components of the routine, as well as in regard to the total score. Statistical data analysis was performed using the SPSS 21 program and Microsoft Excel 2015. The Kruskal-Wallis test for independent samples was used to test the differences in scores between the routines with different types of apparatus. The results have shown that differences between the routines with different types of apparatus exist in all components of the routine, except in the component of artistry","PeriodicalId":30424,"journal":{"name":"Fizicka Kultura","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80119530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parents' perception of physical activity and psychological well-being of children during the COVID-19 lockdown in Serbia","authors":"A. Orlić, A. Vesković, Jovana Adamović, I. Milanović, Marija Čolić","doi":"10.5937/fizkul75-34933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/fizkul75-34933","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of physical activity (PA) for the psychological well-being of children is well documented. COVID-19 lockdown implied a severe reduction in organized and unorganized PA. Our goal was to examine how parents perceive their children's PA and their own PA related behaviours during the first month of COVID-19 lockdown in Serbia compared to the usual circumstances, to investigate the relationship between parents' evaluations of PA and children's PA level during the lockdown, and to examine the relationship between children's PA level and changes in psychological well-being and daily routines. The sample included 127 parents of preschool and school children. We constructed a questionnaire assessing sociodemographic information, parents' ratings of children's PA, their own children's PA-related behaviours, their evaluations of children's PA engagement before and during the lockdown, and their perception of psychological well-being and daily routines of their children during the lockdown. Results showed that the amount of daily PA in children decreased during the lockdown, especially the organized forms, which indicated that online PA programs have failed to replace regular PE classes and sports training. Also, parents valued regular forms of organized PA more than their online counterparts. We confirmed the relationship between parental evaluations and children's PA and showed that it depends on the specific aspect of PA the parents valued. Parents perceived that changes in children's psychological well-being and daily routines during the lockdown were of moderate intensity. PA frequency was related to attention, mood swings and PC and TV use. Our study offers several practical recommendations for children's PA in restrictive circumstances.","PeriodicalId":30424,"journal":{"name":"Fizicka Kultura","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85472749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of body fat percentage of residents of Republic of Serbia using the multichannel bioimpedance method","authors":"M. Dopsaj, Stefan Marković, A. Kocić, Aleksandra Domanović, Miloš Milošević, Aleksandar Pajkić, Faris Ćurkić, Aleksandar Vićentijević, M. Erak, B. Božović","doi":"10.5937/fizkul74-32145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/fizkul74-32145","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study was to define the population parameters of the body fat percentage of residents of the Republic of Serbia. The sample was a total of 8145 respondents, of which 3051 (37.5%) were women with an average age of 32.0 ± 9.8 years, and the rest of 5094 (62.5%) were men with an average age of 32.9 ± 11.3 years. The average value of PBF for the women subsample was 28.46 ± 9.19% and 18.00 ± 7.98% for the men subsample. The results of factorial variance analysis have shown that there is a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) of PBF values regarding sex (F=1243.719) and respondent's age (F=508.469) as well as the interaction of factors \"age\" and \"sex\" (F=22.593). The regression analysis has shown that age explains 82.09% of variance regarding the age function for women and 85.08% of variance regarding the age function for men, taking into consideration that the function that best describes the variance PBF for women is linear and polynomial for men. Both sex and age are determined as factors that influence over-increasing the values of PBF, while the most critical groups where PBF crosses critical values are the groups of women over 50 years of age (the average prevalence of overweight and obese is 37.81% and 23.89% respectively) and men over 60 years of age (the average prevalence of overweight and obese is 25.48% and 38.36% respectively).","PeriodicalId":30424,"journal":{"name":"Fizicka Kultura","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72732615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes of primary school students toward physical education: Age and gender specifics","authors":"Duško Lepir, Aleksandar Pajkić, Željko Sekulić","doi":"10.5937/fizkul74-30164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/fizkul74-30164","url":null,"abstract":"The primary goal of this paper was to examine the attitudes of primary school students towards different aspects of physical education, with special emphasis on the specifics of age and gender categories. Also, the emotional relation towards physical education was examined through its ranking on the list of favorite subjects, and it was brought in connection with attitudes. The sample consisted of 6627 students (boys 3341 - 50.4%; girls 3286 - 49.6%) of primary schools in the city of Banja Luka (Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina), of which 2201 elementary school students and 4426 middle school students. Using t-tests, it was found that elementary school students in relation to the middle school students show statistically significantly higher values for the general attitude towards physical education. A comprehensive approach to the analysis of 15 separate items showed that the former express significantly higher values for most items. Girls and boys do not differ in terms of a general attitude towards physical education. Elementary school students ranked physical education better than other subjects, while girls of both age categories ranked physical education somewhat worse than boys. Better attitudes and ranking by younger students indicate the priority of this phase of life for physical education and the need to raise quality in working with this age. Declining values at an older age (middle school) require more proactive teacher action with an emphasis on the implementation of interesting content. The lack of differences between the attitudes of girls and boys calls for a renunciation of the traditional assumption that only boys have a benevolent attitude towards physical education. This implies greater support for girls and their stronger involvement in all organizational forms of physical education (sports sections, school competitions).","PeriodicalId":30424,"journal":{"name":"Fizicka Kultura","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84863545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of leadership styles of students of the University of Donja Gorica","authors":"L. Bačanac","doi":"10.5937/fizkul74-34420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/fizkul74-34420","url":null,"abstract":"The research performed on a sample of 210 students of the University of Donja Gorica (UDG), Podgorica, Montenegro, aimed to determine their leadership profiles' characteristics and examine the possible connection and the impact of selected demographic variables on its manifestation. In accordance with the total transformational leadership of Bass and Avolio, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5X, self-rated version) was applied to measure the components of transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership. The results of descriptive, comparative (t-test and ANOVA) and correlational analysis of the obtained data showed that the leadership profiles of UDG students are characterized by high scores for the transformational leadership factors (individual consideration, charisma, inspirational motivation, and intellectual stimulation), also followed by high scores for the contingent reward factors and management by exception - active related to transactional leadership, but with lowest scores for management by exception - passive and laissez-faire leadership. Such a leadership profile with predominant transformational qualities makes a good base for future leadership effectiveness. The results of the impact of demographic variables (gender and playing sports) were discussed in the context of their consistency/ inconsistency with the findings of previous research, theoretical and practical implications, and, specifically, regarding current policy and vision of UDG, entirely compatible with strategies used by efficient transformational leaders.","PeriodicalId":30424,"journal":{"name":"Fizicka Kultura","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83384177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of state anxiety and coping in sprint and middle-and long-distance runners","authors":"A. Vesković, Marija Čolić, Nenad Janković, Marija Regodić","doi":"10.5937/fizkul74-32871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/fizkul74-32871","url":null,"abstract":"Competitive anxiety and coping with competitive stress determine successful athletic performance in important ways. The first goal of this study was to investigate the intensity and potential differences in state anxiety (somatic and cognitive) and self-confidence between sprinters and middleand long-distance runners, as well as to compare their use of coping strategies and/ or coping dimensions. The second goal was to define which coping strategies runners use most frequently in general. The third aim was to examine if there is a relationship between competitive anxiety and coping dimensions in runners. A sample of 52 runners, 44.2% sprinters and 55.8% long-distance runners, (Mage = 24.25; Msp.exp .= 9.78) completed the SCAI-2 and CICS. Compared to middleand long-distance runners, sprinters scored higher on somatic and cognitive anxiety and lower on self-confidence. In total, runners most frequently use task-oriented coping strategies. There are no differences between sprinters and middleand long-distance runners in coping dimensions and strategies except in mental distraction, which is more frequently used by middleand long-distance runners. Task-oriented coping was positively related to self-confidence and negatively to cognitive anxiety. Disengagement-oriented coping is positively related to both somatic and cognitive anxiety and negatively to self-confidence. The study results highlight the possible directions for further research and provide a basis for several practical recommendations.","PeriodicalId":30424,"journal":{"name":"Fizicka Kultura","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78225394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of physical activities on obesity in the elderly: Systematic review survey","authors":"Dušan Đorđević, Mima Stanković, Ilma Čaprić, Miloš Paunović","doi":"10.5937/fizkul74-31375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/fizkul74-31375","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this systematic review was to determine, based on the summary of relevant literature, whether physical activity affects the obesity of the elderly. The sample of respondents were males and females, a total of 1110, older than 65 years. The criteria for the analysis of the papers were as follows: the papers included from 2005 to 2020, that the study was of a longitudinal character and that the respondents were older than 65 years. Based on the set criteria, 20 studies were included in the final analysis, which were analyzed and presented. The analysis of the obtained results can conclude that physical activities have positive effects on obesity in the elderly, but the scope and intensity of the experimental program should be taken into account, while the results of this research can be used by future research to find adequate literature to determine the effects of physical activity on obesity a person.","PeriodicalId":30424,"journal":{"name":"Fizicka Kultura","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83904634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The application of Fitlight trainer system in sports","authors":"Borko Katanic, P. Ilić, Aleksandar Stojmenović, Manja Vitasović","doi":"10.5937/fizkul74-27189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/fizkul74-27189","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this systematic review is to point out the application of the Fitlight trainer system in sports. The following electronic databases were used to search the literature: Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, Mendeley, 2014-2020. Following the selection procedure according to the relevant criteria, 22 studies were selected as fit to needs of this systematic review. A review of researches that used the Fitlight training system in sports has revealed a rather heterogeneous selection of topics. The results obtained are classified according to the sports in which the research was conducted. The results summary provided us with the insight into the multiple uses of the Fitlight system in sports as a training and measurement tool. It can be used in both individual and team sports. It can test sensory-cognitive and various motor skills: reaction speed, speed of single movement, speed of running, agility. Based on all of the information provided, the possibility of multiple applications of the Fitlight system in sports was highlighted.","PeriodicalId":30424,"journal":{"name":"Fizicka Kultura","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83730095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of physical activity in early adolescence: The contribution of physical fitness and physical self-concept","authors":"Snežana Radisavljević-Janić, L. Lazarević, D. Lazarević, I. Milanović","doi":"10.5937/fizkul2002000r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/fizkul2002000r","url":null,"abstract":"Vast empirical evidence suggests a high significance of physical activity (PA) for health and well-being. Still, researches show a decline of PA in youth worldwide. Early adolescence is a particularly sensitive period because then children adopt healthy habits and build a positive attitude towards PA. Examining the significance and contribution of potential factors to overall PA in early adolescence is of theoretical and practical relevance. Thus, this study aimed to explore the validity of physical fitness and physical self-concept in the prediction of overall PA in early adolescence, taking into account gender and Body Mass Index (BMI). The sample consisted of 417 primary school students (54.9% boys), the average age 13.6 years (SD=0.73) who participate in regular physical education classes three times per week, each class 45 minutes. Physical self-concept was measured using the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ). To assess everyday physical activity, we used the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A). Anthropometric measurements included the body height and bodyweight of the respondents. Physical fitness, i.e., flexibility, muscular strength (abdominal endurance strength and lower-limb explosive strength), and cardiorespiratory endurance were measured using the EUROFIT test battery. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that physical self-concept predicts 35% of the variance of PA over and above gender and dimensions of physical fitness. Significant predictors of physical activity were dimensions of physical self-concept: Physical Activity, Sports Competence, and Endurance. The interaction of Gender and Self Esteem contributed significantly indicating that higher Self Esteem had a significant role in the level of PA only in male adolescents. The main finding is that physical self-concept plays a crucial role in the prediction of the level of overall PA in which early adolescents will be engaged. The results support findings showing that intervention programs aimed to improve PA should encourage positive physical self-concept of adolescents with appropriate content and procedures.","PeriodicalId":30424,"journal":{"name":"Fizicka Kultura","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82287407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}