Ingenieria y Ciencia最新文献

{"title":"Planeación y dimensionamiento de redes eléctricas de distribución soterrada mediante un método metaheurístico","authors":"Fabricio Villacres, E. Inga","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.7","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa introduccion de nuevas cargas a los sistemas electricos de distribucion tradicionales puede provocar sobrecarga en los equipos de potencia. Esta sobrecarga hace que la vida util de los equipos de potencia disminuya considerablemente ademas, la confiabilidad y estabilidad del sistema comienza a verse comprometido. Por lo tanto, mediante la presente investigacion se da solucion al problema de planeacion de redes electricas de distribucion integrando la posibilidad de migrar del concepto de redes electricas tradicionales a redes electricas inteligentes, las mismas que, unicamente se consigue dotando a los sistemas electricos de distribucion de robustas redes heterogeneas de comunicacion bidireccional. El presente trabajo se enfoca en el desarrollo de un modelo capaz de ubicar los transformadores de distribucion en los mejores sitios para satisfacer de energia a los usuarios de la red electrica y de conseguir la mejor topologia mediante la aplicacion de teoria de grafos. Ademas, el presente modelo contempla el desarrollo de una heuristica capaz de ejecutar procesos de planeacion georreferenciada mediante la gestion y utilizacion de la informacion geolocalizada desde OpenStreetMap mediante el archivo .osm que, esta plataforma gratuita, nos ofrece.La heuristica propuesta en el presente documento se modela utilizando el software Matlab y para validar la informacion, se requiere el software Cymdist. EnglishThe introduction of new loads to the traditional electrical distribution systems can lead to the overloading in the power equipment. This on the sizing makes the useful life of the power equipment decrease considerably, in addition, the reliability and stability of the system begins to be compromised. Therefore, through the present investigation it is possible to solve the problem of the planning of electrical distribution networks by integrating the possibility of migrating from the concept of traditional electric networks to smart electric networks, the same ones that only electrical distribution systems of robust networks are achieved heterogeneous bidirectional communication. The present work focused on the development of a model capable of locating the distribution transformers in the best sites to satisfy the majority of users of the electrical network and obtain the best topology by applying the theory of graphs In addition, the presented model contemplates the development of a heuristic capable of executing georeferenced planning processes through the management and use of geolocated information from OpenStreetMap through the .osm file that this free platform offers us. The heuristic proposed in the present document is modeled using the Matlab software and to validate the information, the Cymdist software is required.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"15 1","pages":"141-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49018870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algoritmo de recocido simulado generalizado para Matlab","authors":"Jorge Homero Wilches Visbal, A. M. Da Costa","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.6","url":null,"abstract":"espanolMuchos problemas en fisica, matematicas e ingenieria, demandan la determinacion del optimo global de funciones multidimensionales. El recocido simulado es un metodo metaheuristico que tiene por objeto dar solucion a problemas de optimizacion global. Existen tres tipos de recocido simulado: i) recocido simulado clasico; ii) recocido simulado rapido y iii) recocido simulado generalizado. De entre estos, el recocido simulado generalizado es demostradamente el mas eficiente. Matlab, uno de los softwares mas ampliamente usados en simulacion numerica y programacion cientifica, dispone de una caja de herramientas con funciones basadas tanto en metodos deterministicos como estocasticos capaces de resolver una gran cantidad de problemas de optimizacion. En este articulo se describio el metodo de recocido simulado generalizado, se elaboro la funcion GSA que alberga este metodo y se aplico en algunos problemas matematicos que permitieron evaluar la eficiencia de GSA respecto de algunas funciones de optimizacion de Matlab. Como resultado, se obtuvo que la funcion GSA no solo consigue ser efectiva en su convergencia al optimo global sino que, ademas, lo hace con rapidez. Asi mismo se observo que, en lineas generales, GSA fue mas eficiente que las funciones con las que fue comparada. Por tanto, puede concluirse que la funcion GSA es en una alternativa novedosa y efectiva para el abordaje de problemas de optimizacion utilizando Matlab. EnglishMany problems in biology, physics, mathematics, and engineering, demand the determination of the global optimum of multidimensional functions. Simulated annealing is a meta-heuristic method that solves global optimization problems. There are three types of simulated annealing: i) classical simulated annealing; ii) fast simulated annealing and iii) generalized simulated annealing. Among them, generalized simulated annealing is the most efficient. Matlab is one of the most widely software used in numeric simulation and scientific computation. Matlab optimization toolbox provides a variety of functions able to solve many complex problems. In this article, the generalized simulated annealing method was described, the GSA function that contains this method was applied to some mathematical problems were solved in order to evaluate the efficiency of GSA with respect to some of Matlab optimization functions. As a result, it was found that the GSA function not only manages to be effective in its convergence to the global optimum but also it does so quickly. Likewise, it was observed that, in general terms, GSA was more efficient than the functions with which it was compared. Therefore, it can be concluded that the GSA function is a novel and effective alternative for addressing optimization problems using Matlab.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"15 1","pages":"117-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42464702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Modeling Approach for Lahar Hazard Assessment: the Case of Tamasagra Sector in the City of Pasto, Colombia","authors":"A. Guerrero, Ruby Criollo, G. Córdoba, D. Rodríguez","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.1","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl programa Titan2F para el modelamiento de flujos bifasicos, fue usado para modelar escenarios hipoteticos de flujos de lodo de origen volcanico (lahares) a fin de estimar la evolucion espacial y temporal de este fenomeno potencialmente destructivo en su entrada a la ciudad de Pasto, Colombia, por la cuenca del rio Mijitayo. Las predicciones del programa sugieren presiones dinamicas extremadamente altas a la antrada del abanico de dispersion de la cuenca. Adicionalmente, se predicen niveles de inundacion del orden de metros, aproximadamente en la mitad del area de los barrios Tamasagra y El Bosque. El programa es capaz de modelar el efecto de las calles y edificaciones en el comportamiento del flujo, mostrando como las calles lo canalizan, controlando su camino. Se encuentran zonas donde el flujo pierde su energia, donde se sugieren medidas de mitigacion. EnglishThe computational program Titan2F, a two phase flow modeling program, is used to model several hypothetical scenarios of volcanic origin mud flows (lahars) in order to estimate the spacial and temporary evolution of this potentially destructive natural phenomena at its entrance of the city of Pasto, Colombia through the Mijitayo river basin. The predictions of the program suggest that extremely high and destructive dynamic pressures at the entrance to the city can be expected. In addition, our simulations show that half of the Tamasagra and El Bosque neighbors can be inundated with lahar depths of about 1 meter thickness. The program shows to be capable to deal with the modeling of the effect of the streets and buildings on the flow behavior, showing how the streets channelizes the flow governing the path of it. In addition, our results allow to identify regions where the flow loss most of its energy, where mitigation of risk can be suggested.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"15 1","pages":"7-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46107725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study Experimental and Numerical Simulations of the Micro-hardness Tests in AL-FE alloy in Different Laser Beam Scanning","authors":"Moises Meza Pariona","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.3","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn la aleacion de Al-2,0 % Fe se realizo el tratamiento de refundicion superficial con laser (RSL) para investigar las muestras con capas tratadas y no tratadas con diferentes velocidades de barrido con rayos laser, entre ellas, 80, 100 y 120 mm/s, respectivamente. En este articulo se presentaron y discutieron las caracteristicas microestructurales utilizando las tecnicas FEG y EDS. Ademas se llevaron a cabo experimentos y de simulacion numerica por MEF de las indentaciones piramidales de la superficie tratados y no tratados con LSR. En la seccion transversal de la muestra tratada con barrido lento de rayos laser y, especificamente en la geometria de la piscina fundida, la microestructura presentaba caracteristicas de crecimiento columnar y tambien muestra muchas nanoporosidades. Sin embargo, con barrido de rayo laser alto, la microestructura muestra una disposicion celular con grano fino, no obstante, la concentracion de nanoporosidades y el tamano de la geometria de la piscina fundida se redujeron ligeramente. Ademas, las medidas de la microdureza en la zona tratada con RSL aumento ligeramente en funcion del aumento de la velocidad del rayo laser, pero la microdureza fue mucho mayor que en la muestra no tratada. Tambien, se calculo con exito el modelaje de la indentacion de la microdureza con el software COMSOL de la muestra tratada por RSL y no tratada por el metodo de elementos finitos. Por lo tanto, se encontro un buen acuerdo entre los datos experimentales y los simulados. EnglishIn the Al–2.0 wt.%Fe alloy the laser surface remelting (LSR) treatment was executed to investigate the treated and untreated layers areas, at different laser beam scanning, among them, 80, 100 and 120 mm/s, to respect, was presented and discussed about microstructural characteristics using the FEG and EDS techniques, and numerical experiments of pyramidal indentations of the LSR-treated systems were conducted using the FEM method. In the sample-treated cross-sectional area, the microstructure presented a columnar growth characteristic, a lot of nano-porosities and large size of the molten pool geometry in low laser beam scanning, however, in high laser beam scanning, the microstructure consisted of a cellular arrangement or fine-grained microstructure, the nano-porosities concentration and the molten pool geometry are slightly decreased. Besides, the micro-hardness in the LSR-treated area increased slightly as a function of increase of the laser beam scanning, but, the micro-hardness was much higher than the untreated sample. Meanwhile, modeling of indentation on COMSOL of the LSR-treatment by finite element method of the micro-hardness was successfully calculated. Therefore, a good agreement was found between experimental and simulated data.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"15 1","pages":"57-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46593286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Approximation of Fuel Consumption and Periodic Behaviors for a Vehicle that Travels Through a Traffic Light Series","authors":"M. Mesa-Mazo, Johnny Valencia-Calvo, G. Olivar-Tost","doi":"10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.5","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a piecewise smooth system, that describes thedynamics of a single vehicle moving through a street that has a sequence oflights that turn on and off with a specific frequency. The model presentsthree dynamic ways: accelerated, decelerated and zero state. Besides,we show the description of the mathematical model used to simulate thesystem. The simulation was developed under an event-based scheme andimplemented in Matlab. To make the numerical analysis, we take as a pa-rameter study the cycle traffic light, which provides benefits to vehiculartraffic system due to its configuration is achieved implementing optimiza-tion strategies for the phenomenon of green wave and reduces the travel time as the vehicle minimizes the number of stops along the road. Also, thestability was studied for the periodic orbits one and two. Finally, we madean approximation of fuel consumption. We assume that this is proportionalto the mechanical energy produced by the motor. From this point of view,it can be concluded that it is possible to apply modeling and simulationstrategies based on dynamic systems to understand the complex behaviorsassociated with the travel of vehicles in a traffic controlled by traffic lights.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47189039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adquisición y evaluación de datos geométricos de macizos rocosos a partir de imágenes tridimensionales para su uso en análisis geotécnicos","authors":"J. Peñuela, Gloria Inés Beltrán-Calvo, Rodrigo Hernández-Carrillo","doi":"10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.2","url":null,"abstract":"En este artículo, se evalúa la aplicación de una herramienta de adquisición remota para el muestreo y la medición de propiedades de las discontinuidades en macizos rocosos, basado en la toma e interpretación de imágenes tridimensionales. Metodológicamente, se integra un amplio plan experimental tanto en campo como en laboratorio computacional, para recopilar datos estructurales tales como la orientación, la persistencia y espaciamiento de discontinuidades presentes en un macizo rocoso tomado como caso de estudio. Paralelamente, se llevó a cabo un intenso trabajo de toma de datos en campo por metodologías convencionales de brújula y cinta, con fines comparativos y de validación estadística. Los resultados obtenidos permiten establecer las ventajas del uso de técnicas no convencionales, en términos de calidad y cantidad de información, así como de eficiencia en términos del tiempo requerido para el levantamiento de información en campo. Mediante el análisis semiautomático de imágenes tridimensionales se logró el mapeo geológico y la caracterización de discontinuidades para fines geotécnicos, constituyéndose en una herramienta poderosa con gran potencial de uso en proyectos viales y mineros en el medio colombiano.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46654202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced RC5 Algorithm using Parallel Computing for Communication Networks","authors":"David Fabián Cevallos Salas","doi":"10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.4","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main disadvantages of symmetric key algorithms in compar-ison with asymmetric key ones is their lower security level due to theirshorter key length. Indeed, increasing the number of bits that conformsthe key used by a symmetric cryptography algorithm will increase its se-curity level with a cost on its performance. Expanding a key in symmetriccryptography is not an easy task due to algorithms are designed to workwith keys of a fixed maximum length. This paper presents an alterna-tive design of the RC5 cryptography algorithm with an enhanced securitylevel achieved through a key expansion mechanism with Parallel Comput-ing processing. Although the design was created for the RC5 algorithmthe main idea might be applied to other block cipher algorithms applyingthe same criteria. This methodology makes feasible to obtain a robustsymmetric key algorithm implemented in software with an acceptable per-formance in comparison with other techniques such as implementations inhardware, reduction in the amount of data, improvements in the key ex-change process, advanced high performance computing, and many otherstechniques","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42947725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nakayama Automorphism of Some Skew PBW Extensions","authors":"H. Suárez, A. Reyes","doi":"10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.6","url":null,"abstract":"Let R be an Artin-Schelter regular algebra and A=σ(R)〈x1,...,xn〉be agraded quasi-commutative skew PBW extension overR. In this paper wedescribe the Nakayama automorphism ofAusing the Nakayama automor-phism of the ring of coefficients R. We calculate explicitly the Nakayamaautomorphism of some skew PBW extensions.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41679307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propuesta de herramienta para la integración de BIM a la toma decisiones financieras en proyectos de construcción","authors":"Wilson Andrés Prieto-Tibaduiza, Sebastián Mauricio Rocha-Vega, Holmes Julián Julián Páez, N. Lozano-Ramírez","doi":"10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.3","url":null,"abstract":"Las decisiones cruciales en proyectos de construcción se toman en sus etapas iniciales. Además, una correcta planeación determina el éxito o fracaso de la ejecución, operación y mantenimiento de este tipo de proyectos. Con la metodología conocida como Building Information Modeling (BIM) es posible mejorar el resultado de la planeación mediante la implementación de modelos digitales en la toma de decisiones. En la presente investigación se propone una herramienta computacional que apoya la toma de decisiones financieras en la etapa de factibilidad integrando flujos de caja y modelos 4D. Esta herramienta permite mejorar la eficiencia de la planeación incrementando la precisión de los resultados de los indicadores de bondad económica que se analizan para la ejecución de proyectos de construcción.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49108389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influencia del ENSO en la variabilidad espacial y temporal de la ocurrencia de movimientos en masa detonados por lluvias en la región Andina","authors":"Karolina Naranjo Bedoya, Edier Vicente Aristizábal Giraldo, José Alfred Morales Rodelo","doi":"10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/INGCIENCIA.15.29.1","url":null,"abstract":"Los movimientos en masa desencadenados por lluvia han dejado un gran número de pérdidas humanas y económicas en Colombia, especialmente en el departamento de Antioquia. De acuerdo con la base de datos DesInventar, entre los años 1900 y 2017 se han registrado en el territorio Antioqueño 3478 movimientos en masa que han dejado un saldo de 2065 muertos y 74654 viviendas afectadas. El presente trabajo estudia la variabilidad espacial y temporal de la precipitación en las nueve subregiones del departamento de Antioquia y su relación con la ocurrencia histórica de movimientos en masa bajo la influencia del fenómeno ENSO. Para dicho análisis se utilizaron 27 estaciones meteorológicas del IDEAM con información diaria y un total de 5368 movimientos en masa reportados en los catálogos del SIMMA y DesInventar, con una ventana temporal de análisis de 32 años (1985-2016). Se realizaron análisis de series temporales de lluvia y correlaciones con la ocurrencia de movimientos en masa a escala diaria, mensual e interanual. Los resultados presentan un comportamiento bimodal en la ocurrencia de movimientos en masa de acuerdo con la variabilidad temporal de la precipitación y la fuerte influencia de la fase fría del ENSO (La Niña), de igual manera los movimientos en masa también son sensibles a la variabilidad espacial de la lluvia en las subregiones de Antioquia. El entendimiento de la variación espacio temporal de la lluvia en ambientes tropicales montañosos es un elemento fundamental para una adecuada gestión del riesgo y, específicamente, para el diseño e implementación de sistemas de alerta temprana por fenómenos hidrometerológicos.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49440795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}